7但在建造帐幕以前,就有了以色列家,几乎等于神的家,因为在『以色列』这名里,神的名出现了。『以色列』这名的最后两个字母-el-是希伯来文的神字。当以色列繁增为以色列家的时候,含示这家就是神的家。因此,以色列家就是神的家。惟一的不同是以色列家不像帐幕或圣殿那样定形。但只要雅各家成了以色列家,牠在神眼中就等于神的家。最终,在以色列家中有了帐幕,接著有了圣殿,二者都是象征以色列家是神的居所。这是伯特利的历史。后来圣殿被巴比伦军队毁坏,以色列人被掳七十年;然后一道重建圣殿的命令颁布下来。(拉一1~3。)因此,旧约从始至终,只有几件主要的事物:雅各、他的家、帐幕、圣殿以及圣殿的重建。这是旧约的鸟瞰。新约的鸟瞰旧约中这些主要的点都不过是豫表,因此需要主耶稣来作实际。当祂成为肉体而来,祂为神支搭了一个帐幕,并且支搭在我们中间。(约一14。)在约翰二章祂向犹太人启示,祂不仅是帐幕,也是神的殿。(约二18~21。)因此,当祂在地上的时候,祂是帐幕,也是殿。当领头的使徒彼得第一次被带到主面前的时候,主把他的名字从西门改为矶法,矶法的意思就是石头。(约一42。)在约翰一章五十一节,主耶稣对拿但业说,『我实实在在的告诉你们,你们将要看见天开了,神的使者上去下来在人子身上。』这话指明雅各的梦的实现,在于主建造神的家。主和门徒在一起约三年之后,有一天把他们带出宗教的范围和气氛,到了所谓圣地的边界,在那里问他们一个问题:『你们说我是谁?』(太十六15。)彼得说,『你是基督,是活神的儿子。』主就说,『我还告诉你,你是石头,我要把我的召会建造在这磐石上,阴间的门不能胜过她。』(太十六16,18,另译。)主启示祂是磐石,彼得是石头。这话必定给彼得很深的印象,因为过了不久,他责备犹太匠人,似乎说,『你们犹太匠人把祂钉在十字架上,完全弃绝了那建造的石头。但神已叫祂复活,使祂成为房角的首石。』在林前三章十一节保罗说,召会是建造在基督这根基上。彼得在他第一封书信中说,所有来到主面前的人就是活石,被建造成属灵的殿。(彼前二4~5。)这就是伯特利,神的家。至终,这伯特利要扩大完成于新耶路撒冷。一面新耶路撒冷是神在人中间的帐幕;另一面神自己和羔羊在那里是殿。这是神建造的鸟瞰。
7Prior to the building of the tabernacle, however, there was the house of Israel, which was nearly the equivalent of the house of God, for in the name Israel the name God appears. The last two letters of the word Israel—el—are a Hebrew word for God. When Israel was multiplied into the house of Israel, it is implied that this house was a house for God. Therefore, the house of Israel was the house of God. The only difference was that the house of Israel was not as definitely formed as the tabernacle or the temple. Nevertheless, as long as Jacob’s family had become the house of Israel, in the eyes of God it was equal to the house of God. Eventually, among the house of Israel, there was the tabernacle and, following that, the temple, both of which were symbols of the house of Israel as God’s dwelling place. This is a history of Bethel. Later, the temple was destroyed by the Babylonian army, and the children of Israel were held in captivity seventy years. Then a decree was issued to rebuild the temple (Ezra 1:1-3). Hence, from the beginning of the Old Testament until the end, we have just a few main things: Jacob, his house, the tabernacle, the temple, and the rebuilding of the temple. This is a bird’s- eye view of the Old Testament. A BIRD’S-EYE VIEW OF THE NEW TESTAMENT All these main points in the Old Testament are merely types. Because of this, there was the need for the Lord Jesus to come as the reality. When He came in His incarnation, He set up a tabernacle for God and tabernacled among us (John 1:14). In John chapter two He revealed to the Jews that He was not only the tabernacle but also God’stem ple (2:18-21). Thus, when He was on earth, He was both the tabernacle and the temple. When Peter, the leading apostle, was first brought to the Lord, the Lord changed his name from Simon to Cephas, which means a stone (John 1:42). In John 1:51, the Lord Jesus said to Nathanael, “Truly, truly, I say to you, you shall see heaven opened and the angels of God ascending and descending on the Son of Man.” This word indicates that the fulfillment of Jacob’s dream rested upon His building the house of God. After approximately three years with His disciples, He brought them out of the religious realm and atmosphere to the border of the so-called holy land, and there He asked them this question: “Whom do you say that I am?” (Matt. 16:15). After Peter said, “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God,” the Lord said, “I also say to you that you are a stone, and on this rock I will build My church, and the gates of Hades shall not prevail against it” (Matt. 16:16, 18, Gk.). The Lord revealed that He was the rock and that Peter was a stone. This word must have made a deep impression upon Peter, for some time later he rebuked the Jewish builders, and seemed to say, “You Jewish builders crucified Him on the cross, fully rejecting the building stone. But God has raised Him up and has made Him the head of the corner.” In 1 Corinthians 3:11 Paul says that the church is built upon Christ as the foundation, and in his first Epistle Peter says that all who come to the Lord will be living stones built together into a spiritual house (1 Pet. 2:4-5). This is Bethel, the house of God. Ultimately, this Bethel will be enlarged to consummate in the New Jerusalem. On the one hand, the New Jerusalem will be the tabernacle of God among men; on the other hand, there God Himself and the Lamb will be the temple. This is the bird’s-eye view of God’s building.