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撒母耳记生命读经 · 第10篇

撒母耳的历史(三)扫罗征服非利士人

The History Concerning Saul (3) Saul’s Conquest Of The Philistines
1读经:撒母耳记上十三至十四章。扫罗先征服了亚扪人,然后征服了以色列最顽强的仇敌-非利士人。这两次的得胜给扫罗扬名的机会。在征服亚扪人时,他表现得仁慈、谦卑;但在征服非利士人时,他所作的使他失去了他作王的职分。我们会看见,撒母耳的目的是照著神的心,就是在地上建立神的国。扫罗的目的完全是在另一个范围里。扫罗想要在神的国度之内,为他自己建立王国。扫罗认为得著他自己的王国是可能的;事实上,这是不可能的。神没有意思要为扫罗建立什么。
1Scripture Reading: 1 Sam. 13—14 Saul first conquered the Ammonites, and then he conquered the Philistines, Israel’s most difficult enemy. Both of these conquests gave Saul the opportunity to make a name for himself. In the first conquest he behaved in a kind, humble manner, but in the second conquest he behaved in a way that caused him to lose his kingship. As we will see, Samuel’sin tent i on, which was according to God’she art, was to build the kingdom of God on earth. Saul’sin tent i on was altogether in another realm. Saul intended to build a monarchy for himself within the kingdom of God. Saul thought that it was possible to have his own monarchy; actually, it was not possible. God had no intention to build anything for Saul
2现在我们来看关于扫罗征服非利士人的细节。
2Let us now consider the details regarding Saul’s conquest of the Philistines
壹 、他与非利士人打仗的预备
I. His Preparation For War Against The Philistines
3在十三章一至四节及六至七节,我们读到关于扫罗与非利士人打仗的预备。
3In 13:1-4, 6-7 we read of Saul’s preparation for war against the Philistines
一 、得著他儿子约拿单的帮助
A. With the Assistance of His Son Jonathan
4扫罗预备打仗时,得著他儿子约拿单的帮助;约拿单是个相当好的人。
4In his preparation for war, Saul was assisted by his son Jonathan, who was quite good
二 、藉著吹号招聚百姓
B. By Blowing a Trumpet to Gather the People
5扫罗知道他需要百姓,所以,他吹号招聚百姓。今天的政客也明白,他们需要得著百姓。
5Saul had learned that he needed people and he blew a trumpet to gather the people. Today’s politicians also realize that they need to gain the people
三 、百姓中有些人藏起来,有些逃跑
C. Some of the People Hiding and Some Escaping
6因著百姓害怕非利士人,所以他们有些人藏在山洞、石穴里,有些逃到约但河东的迦得地。
6Because some of the people were afraid of the Philistines, they hid themselves in caves and in pits, and some escaped into the land of Gad, east of Jordan
贰 、非利士人与以色列人打仗的预备
II. The Philistines’ Preparation For War Against Israel
7非利士人预备与以色列人打仗,就聚集了战车三万辆,马兵六千,「步兵像海边的沙那样多。」(5。)
7In their preparation for war against Israel, the Philistines assembled 30, 000 chariots and 6, 000 horsemen and “people like the sand that is on the seashore in multitude” (v. 5).
参、扫罗的不服从
III. Saul’s Disobedience
8在十三章八至十五节上半,我们看见扫罗的不服从。在这次争战里,扫罗凭自己行动以建立自己王国的意图,被暴露出来了。扫罗在撒母耳面前的不服从,意思是他放弃了神。在征服亚扪人时,扫罗在百姓的眼中并在主面前,都表现得很好。但在征服非利士人时,他不服从神,并且事实上是放弃神。
8In 13:8-15a we have a word concerning Saul’s disobedience. In this war Saul’sin tent i on to act on his own for the building up of his monarchy was exposed. Saul’s disobedience, which was observed by Samuel, meant that he had given up God. In his first conquest Saul behaved very well in the sight of the people and before the Lord, but in his second conquest he was disobedient and actually gave up God
一 、在他犯罪献祭的事上
A. In His Sinful Offering
9扫罗的不服从,暴露于他犯罪献祭的事上。(8~12。)虽然扫罗不服从,却仍然向神献祭。今天的光景正是这样:人向神献上东西事奉祂,却不服从神,也不顾到祂的定旨。
9Saul’s disobedience was exposed in the matter of his sinful offering (vv. 8-12). Saul was disobedient, yet he still offered something to God. Today’s situation is exactly the same. People offer something to God for His service, but they disobey God and do not care for His purpose
1 、他的抱怨
1. His Complaint
10扫罗不服从,献上有罪的祭,但他却向撒母耳抱怨,说撒母耳没有在所定的日期来到。那时撒母耳乃是行动的神。扫罗虽然与撒母耳有约定,但扫罗仍然没有自由任意行事;扫罗该服在撒母耳之下。表面看来,似乎是撒母耳错了,因为他迟延了,但撒母耳的迟延暴露了扫罗。
10Saul disobeyed, offering up a sinful offering, yet he complained against Samuel that Samuel had not come at the appointed time. At that time Samuel was the acting God. Saul had an appointment with Samuel, but Saul did not have the freedom to do whatever he liked. He should have been subordinate to Samuel. Apparently, Samuel was mistaken in his delay, but Samuel’s delay exposed Saul
2 、他的藉口
2. His Excuse
11扫罗没有服从,他的藉口乃是百姓离开他散去,而且非利士人聚集要来争战。扫罗没有藉口这样作。他在采取任何行动之前,应当等候撒母耳来到。
11Saul’s excuse for his disobedience was that the people were scattered from him and that the Philistines assembled themselves for fighting. There was no excuse for what Saul did. He should have waited for Samuel to arrive before taking any action
二 、结果失去他作王的职分
B. Resulting in His Losing His Kingship
12扫罗的不服从,结果使他失去作王的职分。(十三13~15上,十五28。)
12Saul’s disobedience resulted in his losing his kingship (vv. 13-15a; 15:28
1 、被撒母耳定罪
1. Condemned by Samuel
13扫罗因为作了糊涂事,没有遵守耶和华的命令,就被撒母耳定罪。(十三13上。)撒母耳定罪扫罗的确是对的。
13Saul was condemned by Samuel for having acted foolishly and not keeping the commandment of Jehovah (13:13a). Samuel was surely right in condemning Saul
2 、他的王位必不长久
2. His Kingdom Not Continuing
14撒母耳定罪扫罗后,就告诉他,他的王位必不长久。(13下~14上。)
14After condemning Saul, Samuel told him that his kingdom would not continue (vv. 13b-14a).
3 、扫罗必被合乎神心的大卫顶替
3. Saul Being Replaced by David, a Man according to God’sHe art
15撒母耳接著对扫罗说,「耶和华已经为自己寻得一个合乎祂心的人,立他作百姓的君。」(14下。)这里撒母耳所指的是大卫;神要将君王职分转移给大卫。我们读圣经的历史时,必须学习一切不同的功课。撒上十三至十四章包含一个大功课。扫罗在献祭的事上不服从,似乎是一件小事;但撒母耳知道,扫罗会利用机会僭用神对他的设立,在神所要建立的国度之内建立他自己的王国。神的心意是要在地上建立祂的国,而不是为扫罗建立王国。
15Samuel went on to say to Saul, “Jehovah has sought a man according to His heart for Himself, and Jehovah has appointed him as leader over His people” (v. 14b). Here Samuel was referring to David, to whom God would shift the kingship. In studying the history in the Bible, we need to learn all the different lessons. First Samuel 13—14 contains a great lesson. It may seem that Saul’s disobedience in making an offering was a small disobedience. But Samuel realized that Saul would take the opportunity to usurp God’sap point ment to build up his own monarchy within the building up of God’skin gdom. God intended to build up His kingdom on earth, not to build up a monarchy for Saul
16撒母耳教导百姓国法。(十25。)摩西曾将律法颁赐给以色列人,但在撒母耳来到以前,以色列人没有一套法规、宪法。撒母耳将一套如何在地上实行神国度的法规、宪法、国法、惯例、方式、规条、法则,对百姓说明。扫罗应当照著这宪法,实行国度生活。撒母耳这位制定宪法者观察扫罗;他看见扫罗有倾向要僭用神的国法,建立属人的王国。今天主的恢复就是神的国。有些人企图在主的恢复里建立他们自己的工作和王国。倪弟兄也曾著重的说到同样的事;他说,有些所谓的同工们虽然留在恢复里,他们却为自己建立一些与恢复分开的东西。这些同工们乃是建立他们自己的小王国。最近,在这个国家的某一个地区建立了小王国,但是那里的圣徒拒绝跟随这样的王国。他们写信给我,说那个地区的众召会不是那位想要建立王国的人所兴起的,而是因主恢复的素质得著坚固和喂养。这些圣徒说,他们要主的恢复,也就是神今天的国。
16Samuel taught the people the custom of the kingdom (1 Sam. 10:25). Moses gave the law to the children of Israel, but before Samuel came they did not have a set of by- laws, a constitution. Samuel told the people the by-laws, the constitution, the practice, the customs, the manners, the ordinances, and the rules of how to practice the kingdom of God on earth. Saul should have practiced the kingdom life according to this constitution. Samuel, the composer of the constitution, watched Saul, and he saw a tendency with him to build up a human monarchy by usurping the practice of the kingdom of God. The Lord’s recovery today is the kingdom of God. Some have attempted to build up their work and to establish a monarchy for themselves within the recovery. Brother Nee strongly stressed this same matter when he said that some so-called co-workers were building up for themselves something separate from the recovery while they remained in the recovery. These co-workers built up their own little empires. Recently, a monarchy was built up in a certain area of this country, but the saints there refused to go along with such a monarchy. They wrote to me saying that the churches in that area were not raised up by the one who wanted to build up a monarchy, but were established and nourished by the essence of the Lord’s recovery. These saints said that they wanted the recovery, the kingdom of God today
17主在全球的恢复只有一个。神国内在的素质乃是基督的身体,神的召会。在已过几十年,有些弟兄们劳苦作工,作得很好,我们赞赏他们所作的。但有些工人在主的恢复里作自己的工作,僭用主的恢复。今天,有些地方仍然有一种倾向,要在主恢复的职事里建立一些东西,在主恢复的名义下,使用主恢复职事里的材料,而僭用、利用主的恢复。有一些迹象显示,在这些地方的工作不是纯净的工作,不是纯净的为著基督的身体-神的国,而是为著某些人的权益。
17The recovery around the globe is uniquely one. The intrinsic essence of the kingdom of God is the Body of Christ, the church of God. Through the past several decades, some brothers have worked and labored very well, and we appreciate what they have done. Yet certain of the workers carried out a work in the recovery by usurping the recovery. Today in some places there is still a tendency, under the name of the recovery, to build up something within the ministry of the recovery, usurping the advantages of the recovery and using the materials of the ministry of the recovery. There are signs that the work in these places is not a pure work—a work purely for the building up of the Body of Christ, the kingdom of God. Rather, it is a work built up for the interest of certain ones.
18六年前传出一种教训,说地方召会是自治的。有些人说,使徒建立一处召会,并设立长老之后,就该放手让这个召会自治。这种自治的教训,事实上是在建立一种王国。我们实行地方召会;在事务方面,每一个地方召会都是自治的。但这并不是说,地方召会是分裂的。一面是许多地方召会,但全球的众地方召会只是一个召会。每一个地方召会有自己的自由和权利决定一些事,诸如聚会的时间等等。但这不表示众地方召会是不同的。保罗在各召会中所教导的,都是一样的。(林前四17。)众召会在生命、性质、见证、事奉并彰显基督上,都是一样的。我们虽有不同的国籍和语言,但我们的诗歌和赞美乃是一样的。我们是一个身体,见证同一位基督。我们传讲、宣扬、警戒、教导圣经所启示的基督。我们没有不同的学派、不同的教训或不同的见证。基督教因著不同的实行而分裂了,例如受浸的作法。但是在主恢复中的「辞典」里,我们只有一个辞:基督。我们不是为著许多不同种类的教训,乃是为著基督,而基督是为著神的国。我们是为著神的国,就是基督的身体,也就是神独一的召会。
18Six years ago a teaching came out which said that the local churches are autonomous. Some said that after the apostles establish a church and appoint elders, they should keep their hands off the church, leaving the church as an autonomy. Such a teaching of autonomy was actually the building up of a monarchy. We practice the local churches, and each of the local churches is autonomous in business affairs. But this does not mean that the local churches are divided. In a sense they are local churches, but all the local churches on this globe are just one church. Every local church has its own freedom and jurisdiction to make decisions concerning, for example, the times of the meetings. However, this does not mean that the local churches are different. Paul taught all the churches in the same way (1 Cor. 4:17). All the churches are the same in life, in nature, in testimony, in serving, and in expressing Christ. We may be different in nationalities and languages, but our singing and praising are the same. We are one Body, testifying the same Christ. We preach, announce, admonish, and teach concerning Christ as revealed in the Bible. We do not have different schools, different teachings, or different testimonies. Christianity has been divided because of different practices, for example the practice of baptism. But the “dictionary” in the Lord’s recovery has only one word— Christ. We are not for various kinds of teachings. We are for Christ, who is for the kingdom of God. We are for the kingdom of God, which is the Body of Christ, the unique church of God
肆 、以色列人与非利士人之间的情形
IV. The Situation Between Israel And The Philistines
19撒上十三章十五节下半至二十三节,给我们看见以色列人与非利士
19First Samuel 13:15b - 23 tells us about the situation between Israel and the Philistines.
20人之间的情形。
20A. On the Side of Israel
一 、在以色列人这一边
21在以色列人这一边,(15下~16上,)扫罗召集跟随他的,约有六百人。扫罗和约拿单,并跟随他们的人,都住在便雅悯的迦巴。
21On the side of Israel (vv. 15b-16a), Saul mustered the people who were with him, about 600 men. Saul, Jonathan, and the people dwelt in Geba of Benjamin
二 、在非利士人那一边
B. On the Side of the Philistines
22在非利士人那一边,(16下~18,23,)有掠兵从他们营中出来,分三队往三个方向去。
22On the side of the Philistines (vv. 16b-18, 23), raiders came out from the camp in three companies toward three directions
三 、以色列人缺少刀枪
C. Israel Being Short of Swords and Spears
23以色列人缺少刀枪。(19~22。)以色列全地没有一个铁匠。那时非利士人严格控制以色列人,不许他们制造刀枪。到了争战的日子,只有扫罗和他儿子约拿单有刀枪。
23Israel was short of sword and spears (vv. 19-22). There was no smith throughout all the land of Israel. At that time, Israel was under the strict control of the Philistines, who did not allow them to make swords or spears. On the day of battle, only Saul and Jonathan his son had a sword and a spear
伍 、以色列人征服非利士人
V. Israel’s Conquest Of The Philistines
24十四章一至二十三节记载以色列人征服非利士人。以色列人没有武器。在这种可怜的情形下,神是他们惟一的武器。扫罗、约拿单、和以色列人乃是凭著神争战。
24In 14:1-23 we have an account of Israel’s conquest of the Philistines. Their situation was that they had no weapons. In such a poor situation, God was their unique weapon. Saul, Jonathan, and the people of Israel fought the battle by God
一 、在约拿单率领下
A. Under Jonathan
25一至十五节描述在约拿单率领下的征服。1.约拿单没有让他父亲和百姓知道
25Verses 1 through 15 describe the conquest under Jonathan. 1. Jonathan Not Letting His Father and the People Know
他要去攻击非利士人
That He Was Going to Attack the Philistines
26约拿单没有让他父亲和百姓知道他要去攻击非利士人。(1~5。)
26Jonathan did not let his father and the people know that he was going to attack the Philistines (vv. 1-5
2 .信靠耶和华使他得胜
2. Trusting in Jehovah for His Victory
27约拿单信靠耶和华使他得胜,(6~,)因为他相信耶和华拯救人,不受人多人少限制。约拿单确信,耶和华必将非利士人交在他手里。
27Jonathan trusted in Jehovah for his victory (vv. 6-10), believing that there was no constraint on Jehovah to 10 save by many or by few. Jonathan was assured that Jehovah would deliver the Philistines into his hand.
3 .耶和华将非利士人交在以色列人手中
3. Jehovah Delivering the Philistines into the Hand of Israel
28耶和华将非利士人交在以色列人手中;(11~15;)约拿单和帮助他的少年人杀死非利士人;在非利士人的营中,在田野,在众民内,都有惊慌;甚至他们的防兵和掠兵也都惊慌,地也震动。
28Jehovah delivered the Philistines into the hand of Israel (vv. 11-15). Jonathan and his helper, a young man, killed the Philistines. There was panic among the Philistines in their camp, in their field, and among all the people. Even their garrison and their raiders were in a panic, and the earth quaked
二 、在扫罗率领下
B. Under Saul
29十六至二十三节描述在扫罗的率领下,非利士人被征服。
29Verses 16 through 23 describe the conquest of the Philistines under Saul
1 .非利士的军众溃散
1. The Multitude of the Philistine Army Melting Away
30十六节说,非利士的军众溃散,四围乱窜。2.扫罗发现约拿单和约拿单的助手离开他去攻击非利士人扫罗发现他儿子约拿单和约拿单的助手离开他去攻击非利士人。(17。)
30According to verse 16 the multitude of the Philistine army was melting away, and they were going here and there. 2. Saul Finding Out That Jonathan and His Helper Had Gone Away from Him to Attack the Philistines Saul found out that his son Jonathan and his helper had gone away from him to attack the Philistines (v. 17).
3 .扫罗藉著祭司和约柜寻求神的引导
3. Saul Seeking God’s Leading through the Priest and the Ark
31在十八至十九节扫罗作了一件相当不错的事,就是藉著祭司和约柜寻求神的引导。4.扫罗听见非利士营中的喧嚷
31In verses 18 and 19 Saul did something quite good—he sought God’s leading through the priest and the ark. 4. Saul Hearing That the Tumult in the Camp
越发大了
of the Philistines Continued to Increase
32扫罗听见非利士营中的喧嚷越发大了,他和跟随他的人都聚集,来到战场,看见非利士人用刀互相击杀,大大惶乱。(20。)5.从前由四方来跟随非利士军的希
32Saul heard that the tumult that was in the camp of the Philistines continued to increase. He and all the people who were with him gathered together and went into the battle, while each Philistine’ss word was against his companion, and the tumult was very great (v. 20). 5. The Hebrews Who Had Been with the Philistines
伯来人,现在也转过来与跟随扫罗和约拿单的以色列人在一起
Turning to Be with the Israelites Who Were with Saul and Jonathan
33从前由四方来跟随非利士军的希伯来人,现在也转过来与跟随扫罗和约拿单的以色列人在一起。(21。)6.那躲藏的以色列人,
33The Hebrews who had previously been with the Philistines and who had gone up with them into the camp also turned to be with the Israelites who were with Saul and Jonathan (v. 21). 6. All the Men of Israel Who Had Hidden Themselves
就紧紧的跟随扫罗和约拿单
Following Saul and Jonathan Closely
34甚至那藏在山地的以色列人,就在战场上紧紧的跟随扫罗和约拿单。(22。)
34Even all the men of Israel who had hidden themselves in the hill country followed Saul and Jonathan closely in the battle (v. 22).
7 .耶和华拯救以色列人脱离非利士人
7. Jehovah Saving Israel from the Philistines
35那日耶和华拯救以色列人脱离非利士人。(23。)
35That day Jehovah saved Israel from the Philistines (v. 23
陆 、扫罗急促的誓言
VI. Saul’sR a shOa th
36二十四至四十六节说到扫罗急促的誓言。一个强的人常常是急促的。
36Verses 24 through 46 are concerned with the matter of Saul’sr a shoa th. A strong person is often rash
一 、咒诅凡不等到晚上就吃东西的
A. Cursing Any Man Who Ate Food before the Evening
37扫罗叫百姓起誓说,凡不等到晚上扫罗向敌人报完了仇吃什么的,必受咒诅。(24~26。)
37In the oath he laid on the people, Saul cursed any man who ate food before the evening, when Saul would be avenged of his enemies (vv. 24-26
二 、约拿单没有听见他父亲的誓言,吃了一些蜜
B. Jonathan Not Hearing His Father’sO at hand Eating Some Honey
38约拿单没有听见他父亲的誓言,吃了一些蜜。(27~30。)
38Jonathan did not hear his father’so a than date some honey (vv. 27-30
三 、以色列人吃带血的牛羊和牛犊
C. The People of Israel Eating the Sheep, Oxen, and Calves with the Blood
39以色列人吃带血的牛羊和牛犊。(31~35。)他们这样作,是因他们向非利士人大施闪击,并因扫罗急促的誓言。扫罗因百姓犯罪而谴责他们,并要百姓当夜在他面前将牛羊宰了吃。然后扫罗初次为耶和华筑坛。
39The people of Israel ate the sheep, oxen, and calves with the blood (vv. 31-35). They did this because of the heavy blitz on the Philistines and Saul’sr a shoa th. Saul corrected the people in that sin and asked them to slay their oxen and sheep and eat before him that night. Then Saul built his first altar to Jehovah
四 、约拿单违犯他父亲的誓言而被捉到
D. Jonathan’s Breaking of His Father’sO a th Being Caught
40约拿单违犯他父亲的誓言而被捉到。(36~46。)扫罗为他和以色列人追赶非利士人的事寻求神的引导,神当日没有回答他。(36~。)接著约拿单被发现犯了死罪。(38~44。)扫罗说约拿单定要死时,百姓为约拿单表白,救他免于死罪。(45。)于是扫罗上去,不追赶非利士人,非利士人也回本地去了。(46。)
40Jonathan’s breaking of his father’so a th was caught (vv. 36-46). Saul sought God’s leading for him and the people of Israel to pursue after the Philistines, and God did not answer him that day (vv. 36-37). Following this, Jonathan’s death crime was found 37 out (vv. 38-44). When Saul said that Jonathan would die, the people vindicated Jonathan and saved him from the death crime (v. 45). Then Saul went up from following the Philistines, and the Philistines went up to their own place (v. 46).
柒 、扫罗的纪事
VII. A Chronicle Of Saul
41十四章记载扫罗的纪事。(47~52。)
41Chapter fourteen concludes with a chronicle of Saul (vv. 47-52
一 、扫罗执掌以色列的国权,常常攻击他四围的一切仇敌
A. Saul Taking the Kingdom over Israel and Fighting against All His Enemies All Around
42扫罗执掌以色列的国权,常常攻击他四围的一切仇敌-摩押人、亚扪人、以东人、琐巴人、和非利士人。(47。)
42Saul took the kingdom over Israel and fought against all his enemies all around — Moab, Ammon, Edom, Zobah, and the Philistines (v. 47).
二 、奋勇攻击亚玛力人
B. Striking Valiantly the Amalekites
43扫罗奋勇攻击亚玛力人,救了以色列人脱离抢掠他们之人的手。(48。)
43Saul struck valiantly the Amalekites and delivered Israel from those who had plundered them (v. 48
三 、扫罗的家族
C. Saul’s Generations
44在四十九至五十一节,我们看见扫罗家族的名单:他的祖父亚别,他的父亲基士,他的叔叔尼珥,他的堂兄弟押尼珥(他军队的元帅),他的妻子亚希暖,他的岳父亚希玛斯,他的儿子约拿单、亦施韦、麦基舒亚,他的女儿米拉和米甲。
44In verses 49 through 51 we have a list of Saul’s generations: his grandfather Abiel; his father Kish; his uncle Ner; his cousin Abner (the captain of his army); his wife Ahinoam; his father-in-law Ahimaaz; his sons Jonathan, Ishvi, and Malchi-shua; and his daughters Merab and Michal
四 、扫罗平生常与非利士人猛烈争战
D. There Being Severe War against the Philistines All the Days of Saul
45本章的结语说到,扫罗平生常与非利士人猛烈争战;扫罗遇见有能力的人,或勇士,都招募了来跟随他。(52。)
45This chapter concludes by saying that there was severe war against the Philistines all the days of Saul and that Saul took any mighty man or any valiant man for himself (v. 52