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撒母耳记生命读经 · 第16篇

大卫的历史（四）

The History Concerning David (4)
神所豫备，合乎神心的人撒上十六章至撒下一章（四）受扫罗逼迫试验（三）
Prepared by God to be a Man According to the Heart of God 1 Samuel 16—2 Samuel 1 (4) Persecuted And Tried By Saul (3
1读经：撒母耳记上25:1—28:2
1Scripture Reading: 1 Sam. 25:1—28:2
2在本篇信息中，我们要继续来看大卫受扫罗逼迫试验这件事。
2In this message we will consider further the matter of David’s being tried and persecuted by Saul
拾 陆、撒母耳死了
XVI. SAMUEL DYING
3二十五章一节上半告诉我们，撒母耳死了；以色列众人聚集，为他哀哭，将他葬在拉玛他自己的坟墓里。
3In 25:1a we are told that Samuel died. All Israel mourned for him, and they buried him at his house in Ramah
一 、在正确完满的享受了
A. After the Proper and Full Enjoyment
4神所应许之美地的分之后撒母耳在正确完满的享受了神所应许之美地的分以后，就平安的死去。撒母耳一生都享受美地。他对美地的享受超过旧约中任何一个人，包括约书亚和迦勒，因为他们花了许多时间在争战上以取得美地。撒母耳从幼年时在帐幕里，直到他死为止，在每一方面，每一点上都享受美地。
4of His Portion in the Good Land Promised by God Samuel died a peaceful death after the proper and full enjoyment of his portion in the good land promised by God. Samuel enjoyed the good land throughout his entire life. His enjoyment of the land exceeded that of everyone else in the Old Testament, including Joshua and Caleb, who spent much time fighting to gain possession of the land. From his youth in the tabernacle until the time of his death, Samuel enjoyed the good land in every way and in every sense
二 、在作了祭司、申言者、士师之后
B. After Being a Priest, a Prophet, and a Judge
5撒母耳作了祭司、申言者、士师，引进大卫的国，好在地上完成神的经纶。他带进了君王职分，并膏立扫罗和大卫这头两个王，藉此建立神的国，并制订关于神的国一切的规章。
5Samuel became a priest, a prophet, and a judge to usher in the Davidic kingdom for the accomplishment of God’secon o my on the earth. He was the one who brought in the kingship, anointing both Saul and David, the first two kings. He therefore established the kingdom of God and wrote all the regulations concerning the kingdom of God
三 、在对扫罗君王职分的失望中
C. In the Disappointment of Saul’s Kingship
6撒母耳对扫罗的君王职分极其失望，并为扫罗悲伤。（十五35。）撒母耳悲伤到一个地步，使神后来对他说，『我既厌弃扫罗作以色列的王，你为他悲伤要到几时呢？』（十六1上。）
6Samuel was deeply disappointed with Saul’s kingship and mourned for Saul (15:35). Samuel mourned to such an extent that eventually God said to him, “How long will you mourn for Saul, though I have rejected him from being king over Israel?” (16:1a
四 、带著对大卫君王职分鼓励的期望
D. With the Encouraging Expectation of David’s Kingship
7虽然撒母耳对扫罗的君王职分失望，他死时却是带著对大卫君王职分鼓励的期望。这对他是个安慰。当他死时，他对大卫的国满有把握；大卫的国乃是豫表神的国。我相信当撒母耳死时，他为此满了喜乐。
7Although Samuel was disappointed with Saul’s kingship, he died with the encouraging expectation of David’s kingship. This was a comfort to him. When he died, he was assured regarding the Davidic kingdom, a type of the kingdom of God. I believe that as Samuel was dying he was full of joy concerning this.
拾 柒、大卫对付拿八和亚比该
XVII. DAVID’S DEALING WITH NABAL AND ABIGAIL
8撒上二十五章一节下半至四十四节，记载大卫对付拿八和亚比该。
8First Samuel 25:1b-44 is an account of David’s dealing with Nabal and Abigail
一 、大卫向拿八求帮助，自承是拿八的儿子
A. David’sS eeking Help from Nabal, Considering Himself a Son to Him
9在二至九节，大卫向拿八求帮助；拿八是一个大富户。大卫打发十个僮仆到拿八那里，教他们要对拿八说，『愿你长命平安，愿你家平安，愿你一切所有的都平安。』（6。）并且要说，『求你随手取点赐与仆人，和你儿子大卫。』（8。）大卫在这里非常谦卑，自承是拿八的仆人和儿子。二、拿八为人愚顽，拒绝大卫的恳求，
9In verses 2 through 9 David sought help from Nabal, a wealthy man. David sent ten young men to Nabal, instructing them to say to him, “Live long; and peace be to you, and peace be to your house, and peace be to all that you have” (v. 6). The young men were also to say, “Give whatever you may have on hand to your servants and to your son David” (v. 8). Here David was very humble, considering himself a servant and a son to Nabal. B. Nabal’s Folly in His Rejecting David’sEnt re at ing
并辱骂大卫的仆人
and in His Insulting David’s Servants
10拿八为人愚顽，拒绝大卫的恳求，并辱骂大卫的仆人。拿八对他们说，『大卫是谁？耶西的儿子是谁？近来悖逆主人奔逃的仆人甚多。我岂可将食物、饮水、和为我剪羊毛人所宰的肉，给我不知道从那里来的10-人么？』（10～11。）当大卫的仆人告诉他拿八所说的话，大卫就吩咐每一个跟随他的人要带上刀。（12～13。）于是大卫说，『我在旷野为那人看守所有的，以致他一样不失落，实在是徒然了，因他向我以恶报善。凡属拿八的男丁，我若留一个到明日早晨，愿神重重降罚与我。』（21～22。）大卫在这里的话指明他被拿八得罪了。在这件事上，大卫没有通过试验。他在扫罗手下背十字架，但是在拿八这个小十字架上失败了。大卫若在这个情形里背十字架，就会为著拿八拒绝供应食物赞美主。这样神就可能进来，感动拿八悔改，并使拿八带著丰盛的食物来到大卫那里。然而，在拿八这件事上，大卫没有背十字架。
10In his folly, Nabal rejected David’s entreating and insulted David’s servants. Nabal said to them, “Who is David, or who is the son of Jesse? There are many servants today who break away from their masters. Shall I then take my food and my water and my meat that I have slaughtered for my shearers, and give it to men who come from I do not know where?” (vv. 11). When David’s servants told him what Nabal said, David charged each of his men to gird on his sword (vv. 12-13). Then David said, “It was certainly in vain that I guarded all that this fellow has in the wilderness, so that nothing was missed of all that he has; for he has repaid me evil for good. May God do so to David’s enemies, and even more, if I leave so much as a male child of all that he has until morning” (vv. 21-22). David’sword here indicates that he was offended by Nabal. In this matter David did not pass the test. He bore the cross under Saul, but in this small cross he failed. If David had taken the cross in this situation, he might have praised the Lord for Nabal’s refusal to provide food. Then God might have come in to inspire Nabal to repent and come to David with an abundance of food. However, with Nabal David did not take the cross.
11今天我们的情形也常是如此。在背大的十字架上，我们可能会胜过；但在背小的十字架上，我们常是随便的。藉著小十字架，我们的肉体就暴露出来了。
11The situation is often the same with us today. It may be easy for us to prevail in bearing the bigger crosses, but we may be careless in bearing the smaller crosses. Through the small crosses the flesh is exposed.
三 、拿八的妻亚比该以智慧平息大卫
C. The Wisdom of Abigail, the Wife of Nabal, in Appeasing David
12在本章里，我们不仅看见拿八的愚顽，也看见拿八的妻亚比该以智慧平息大卫。（14～20，23～。）亚比该『急忙将二百个饼、两皮袋酒、五只收拾好了的羊、五细亚烘好了的穗子、一百个葡萄饼、二百个无花果饼，都驮在驴上。』（18。）她见到大卫，便俯伏在大卫的脚前，说，『我主阿，愿这罪愆归我。求你容婢女向你进言，更求你听你婢女的话。我主不要把这无赖之徒拿八放在心上。』（24～25上。）亚比该接著求大卫饶恕她的罪过，最后她说，『到了耶和华照所应许我主的话赐福与你，立你作以色列王的时候，你因未曾流无辜人的血，亲手报仇，就不至于良心不安，心有疚结。耶和华赐福与我主的时候，求你记念婢女。』（30～31。）
12In this chapter we see not only the folly of Nabal but also the wisdom of Abigail, Nabal’s wife, in appeasing David (v v. 1 4-2 0, 2 3-2 5). She “hurried and took two hundred loaves of bread and two skins of wine 25 and five sheep ready dressed and five measures of parched grain and one hundred clusters of raisins and two hundred cakes of figs, and she put them on her donkeys” (v. 18). When she saw David, she fell at his feet and said, “Upon me alone, my lord, be this iniquity; and let your maidservant speak in your hearing, and hear the words of your maidservant. May my lord not take this worthless man Nabal to heart” (vv. 24-25a). Abigail went on to ask David to please forgive the transgression, and then she concluded, saying, “When Jehovah has done to my lord according to all the good He has spoken concerning you and has appointed you ruler over Israel, this will not be a qualm of conscience to you or a stumbling block in heart to my lord, that you shed blood without cause or that my lord has avenged himself. And when Jehovah has dealt well with my lord, may you remember your maidservant” (vv. 30-31).
13大卫回答亚比该的请求，称颂耶和华，因为祂打发她来迎接他；并称赞亚比该，因为她拦阻他亲手报仇，流人的血。大卫受了亚比该送来的礼物，就对她说，『我听了你的话，准了你的情面。你可以平平安安的回家罢。』（35。）这里我们看见，亚比该的智慧平息了大卫的怒气。
13David responded to Abigail’s appeal by blessing Jehovah, who sent her to meet him, and also by blessing her, who kept him from entering into bloodshed and from avenging himself by his own hand. David then took from her hand what she had brought and said to her, “Go up in peace to your house. See, I have listened to your voice and have accepted your person” (v. 35). Here we see that David’sang er was appeased by Abigail’s wisdom
四 、拿八受神击打而死
D. Nabal’s Death under God’sS tri king
14当亚比该将这些事都告诉拿八，『他就魂不附体，身僵如石头一般。过了十天，耶和华击打拿八，他就死了。』（37～38。）
14When Abigail told Nabal all these things, “his heart died within him, and he became like a stone. And about ten days later Jehovah struck Nabal, and he died” (vv. 36-38
五 、大卫娶亚比该
E. David’s Marriage to Abigail
15本章结束于大卫娶亚比该。（39～。）亚比该的美丽和智慧夺了大卫的心；拿八死后，大卫就娶她为妻。这里我们看见大卫一生中的弱点。他几乎在每一件事都是得胜的，但他在性的事上却是软弱的。大卫胜过狮子和熊，却胜不过他的性欲。至终，大卫的软弱和放纵，玷污了神那圣别的君王职分。后来大卫谋杀乌利亚，夺去他的妻子拔示巴，这失败的根在这里已经显明出来了。拾捌、耶和华将扫罗交在大卫手中，但大卫不杀他，因为大卫敬畏神，知道扫罗是神的受膏者二十六章记载耶和华将扫罗交在大卫手中，但大卫不杀他，因为大卫敬畏神，知道扫罗是神的受膏者。这指明大卫在作王之前，立了很好的次序和榜样，给我们看见在神的国里该如何尊重神的命定，并敬重、重视神的权柄。因此，当大卫作王之后，一切就归一于一个元首之下。
15This chapter concludes with a word regarding David’s marriage to Abigail (v v. 3 9-4 4). Her beauty and 44 wisdom caught David, and after Nabal’s death he took her as his wife. Here we see the weak point in David’s life. He was quite prevailing and overcoming in nearly everything, but he was weak in the matter of sex. David overcame the lion and the bear, but he did not overcome his sexual lust. Eventually, David’s weakness and indulgence contaminated the kingship of God’s holiness. The root of his later failure in murdering Uriah and taking Bath-sheba was manifested here. XVIII. Jehovah Delivering Saul Into The Hand Of David, But David Not Killing Him Because Of His Fear Of God In That Saul Was God’sAn o in ted According to chapter twenty - six Jehovah delivered Saul into the hand of David, but David would not kill him because of his fear of God in that Saul was God’san o in ted. This indicates that before David became king, he set up a good order and pattern showing us how in God’skin gdom we should honor God’so rd i nation and respect and regard God’s authority. Therefore, when David became king, everything was headed up.
一 、大卫藏在哈基拉山
A. David Hiding Himself on the Hill of Hachilah
16大卫藏在哈基拉山，有人将这事告诉扫罗。（1。）
16David hid himself on the hill of Hachilah, and Saul was informed of this (v. 1
二 、扫罗又来寻索大卫
B. Saul Seeking David Again
17扫罗又来寻索大卫。（2～4。）他带领以色列人中的三千精兵，下到西弗的旷野，要在那里寻索大卫。大卫打发人去探听，便知道扫罗果然来到。三、耶和华将扫罗交在大卫手中，
17Saul sought David again (vv. 2-4). He went out with three thousand choice men of Israel to seek David in the wilderness of Ziph. David sent spies and thereby learned for certain that Saul had come. C. Jehovah Delivering Saul into the Hand of David
但大卫不杀他
But David Not Killing Him
18在五至十六节我们看见，耶和华将扫罗交在大卫手中，但大卫不杀他。扫罗『睡在辎重营，他的枪在头旁，插在地上。押尼珥和百姓睡在他周围。』（7。）亚比筛对大卫说，『今日神将你的仇敌交在你手里。』（8上。）他就求大卫容他拿枪将扫罗刺透在地。但大卫不肯害死扫罗，因为他敬畏神，知道扫罗是神的受膏者。（9～11。）大卫对亚比筛说，『我在耶和华面前，万不敢伸手攻击耶和华的受膏者。』（11上。）虽然大卫在对拿八动怒并娶亚比该为妻的事上是软弱的，但他在对付扫罗的事上，却很杰出，极为成功。
18In verses 5 through 16 we see that whereas Jehovah delivered Saul into the hand of David, David would not kill him. Saul was “sleeping within the entrenchment, and his spear was stuck in the ground by his head. And Abner and the people lay around him” (v. 7). Abishai said to David, “God has delivered your enemy into your hand today” (v. 8a). He then encouraged David to have Saul killed by striking him with the spear to the ground. But David would not destroy Saul because of his fear of God in that Saul was God’san o in ted (vv. 9-11). David said to Abishai, “Jehovah forbid that I should stretch forth my hand against Jehovah’san o in ted” (v. 11a). Although David was weak in losing his temper with Nabal and in taking Abigail his wife, in dealing with Saul David was an outstanding success
四 、大卫向扫罗的求诉
D. David’s Appeal to Saul
19十七至二十节说到大卫向扫罗的求诉。当扫罗听出是大卫的声音，大卫就问扫罗：『我作了甚么？我手里有甚么恶事？我主竟追赶仆人呢？』（18。）１.求扫罗不要赶逐他，以致他在耶和华的产业上无分
19Verses 17 through 20 are concerned with David’s appeal to Saul. When Saul recognized David’s voice, David asked him, “Why does my lord pursue after his servant? For what have I done? Or what evil is in my hand?” (v. 18). 1. Begging Saul Not to Drive Him Out so that He Could Not Share in Jehovah’s Inheritance
20大卫求扫罗不要赶逐他，以致他在耶和华的产业，就是美地上无分，而去事奉别神。（19下～20上。）大卫认为，留在美地是最大的祝福；从美地上被赶逐到别地事奉别神，乃是咒诅。藉此我们能看见，撒母耳记乃是说到对美地的享受，也就是对基督的享受。
20David begged Saul not to drive him out so that he could not share in Jehovah’s inheritance, the good land, but go to serve other gods (vv. 19b-20a). David considered that to remain in the good land was the greatest blessing. To be driven out of the good land and to go to another land to serve other gods was a curse. By this we can see that this book is on the enjoyment of the good land, that is, the enjoyment of Christ
２ .自比为一个虼蚤，山上的一个鹧鸪
2. Likening Himself to a Single Flea and a Partridge in the Mountains
21大卫向扫罗求诉，自比为一个虼蚤，山上的一个鹧鸪。（20下。）
21In his appeal to Saul, David likened himself to a single flea and a partridge in the mountains (v. 20b
五 、扫罗的悔改
E. Saul’s Repenting
22扫罗虽然是邪恶的，却仍有人性，就被大卫的话感动而悔改。（21～25。）
22Even though Saul was wicked, he was still human and was touched by David’sword and repented (vv. 21-25
１ .承认自己有罪
1. Admitting That He Had Sinned
23扫罗承认自己有罪，是糊涂人，大大错了。（21。）２.祝福大卫说，
23Saul admitted that he had sinned, acted foolishly, and made a very great mistake (v. 21). 2. Blessing David by Saying That David Would
大卫必作大事，也必得胜
Most Certainly Do Great Things and Prevail
24扫罗对大卫说，『我儿大卫，愿你得福。你必作大事，也必得胜。』（25。）然而，扫罗没有题到任何关于君王职分或国度的事，因为他仍想要他的儿子约拿单继承他作王。
24Saul said to David, “Blessed are you, my son David. You shall most certainly both do and prevail” (v. 25). However, Saul did not say anything about the kingship or kingdom, because he still wanted his son Jonathan to succeed him as king
拾 玖、大卫逃往非利士地，住在那里
XIX. David’s Escaping To And Staying In The Land Of The Philistines
一 、逃到迦特王亚吉那里
A. Escaping to Achish King of Gath
25『大卫心里说，必有一日我死在扫罗手里，不如逃往非利士地去。扫罗对我就必绝望，不再在以色列境内寻索我。这样，我可以脱离他的手。』（二七1。）大卫领悟这点，就带著跟随他的人投奔亚吉去了。（2～3。）
25“David said in his heart, I will now one day perish at the hand of Saul. There is nothing better for me than to escape into the land of the Philistines; then Saul will despair of seeking me any longer within all the territory of Israel. Thus I will escape from his hand” (27:1). After realizing this, David and his men crossed over to Achish (vv. 2-3).
二 、扫罗不再寻索大卫
B. Saul Ceasing to Seek David
26因著大卫逃到非利士地那里，扫罗就不再寻索他了。（4。）扫罗觉得有平安，因为大卫已经离开了圣地。这指明大卫暂时离开圣地是对的。
26Because David had escaped into the land of the Philistines, Saul ceased to seek him (v. 4). Saul felt that he was at peace because David had gone out of the holy land. This indicates that David had done the right thing in leaving the holy land temporarily
三 、住在洗革拉
C. Staying in Ziklag
27大卫住在洗革拉。（二七5～二八。）七节说，他在非利士地住了一年零四个月。在那段期间，大卫攻击毁灭基述人、基色人、和亚玛力人，但他在亚吉王面前假装是攻击犹大的南方。（8～12。）
27David stayed in Ziklag (27:5 — 28:2). According to verse 7 he stayed in the land of the Philistines a year 2 and four months. During that time he attacked and destroyed the Geshurites, Girzites, and Amalekites, but he pretended before King Achish that he attacked the south of Judah (vv. 8-12).
四 、亚吉立大卫一生作他的护卫长
D. Achish Making David His Bodyguard for Life
28在二十八章一至二节我们得知，亚吉立大卫一生作他的护卫长。
28In 28:1-2 we are told that Achish made David his bodyguard for life