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撒母耳记生命读经 · 第38篇

大卫的历史（十六）

The History Concerning David (16)
为百姓所加冠，作神在地上之国的王撒下二至二十四章（十）大卫王位的末期－撒下二一～二十四章
Crowned by the People to be the King for the Kingdom of God on the Earth 2 Samuel 2—24 (10) The Last Stage of David's Kingship 2 Samuel 21—24
1读经：撒母耳记下二十一至二十四章。在本篇信息中，我们要来看大卫王位的末期。
1Scripture Reading: 2 Sam. 21—24 In this message we will consider the last stage of David's kingship
壹 大卫为百姓
I. DAVID'ST A KING CARE OF THE FAMINE
处理饥荒的事
FOR THE PEOPLE
2在二十一章一至十四节大卫为百姓
2In 21:1-14 David took care of the famine for the people
3处理饥荒的事。
3
一 求问耶和华
A. Inquiring of Jehovah
4大卫年间有饥荒，一连三年；大卫就求问耶和华。（1上。）
4This famine lasted three years, and David inquired of Jehovah concerning it (v. 1a
二 找出饥荒的原因
B. Finding Out the Reason for the Famine
5大卫找出饥荒的原因，是因为扫罗违背以色列人向基遍人所起的誓：『这饥荒是因扫罗，和他流人血之家，杀死基遍人。』（1下。）大卫召了基遍人来，对他们说话。（2下～3。）
5David found out that the reason for the famine was Saul's breaking of the oath made by Israel with the Gibeonites. The famine was "because of Saul and because of his house of bloodshed, for he put those Gibeonites to death" (v. 1b). David called for the Gibeonites and spoke to them (v. 2a
三 解决违背誓言的事
C. The Settlement of the Breaking of the Oath
6为著解决违背誓言的事，基遍人要求扫罗的子孙七人受刑。（2下～14上。）大卫吩咐人履行基遍人的要求，神就垂听国民为那地所求的。（14下。）贰大卫征服非利士人十五至二十二节说到大卫征服非利士人。
6For the settlement of the breaking of the oath, the Gibeonites required seven descendants of Saul to be executed (vv. 2b-14a). David commanded the people to fulfill the requirement of the Gibeonites, and God responded to the people'sent re a ty for the land (v. 14b). II. DAVID'S CONQUEST OVER THE PHILISTINES Verses 15 through 22 speak of David's conquest over the Philistines
一 大卫疲乏
A. David Becoming Faint
7大卫与非利士人争战。大卫疲乏，险被非利士一个伟人所杀。（15～16。）
7In fighting against the Philistines, David became faint, and was in danger of being killed by a giant of the Philistines (vv. 15-16).
二 亚比筛和以色列人击败非利士人
B. Abishai and the People of Israel Defeating the Philistines
8亚比筛和以色列人击败非利士人，并杀死他们四个伟人。（17～22。）参大卫作诗歌感谢赞美神在二十二章大卫作诗歌感谢赞美神。
8Abishai and the people of Israel defeated the Philistines and killed four of their giants (vv. 17-22). III. DAVID'S THANKING AND PRAISING GOD IN A SONG In chapter twenty-two David thanked and praised God in a song
一 当耶和华救他脱离
A. On the Day When Jehovah Delivered Him
一切仇敌和扫罗之手的日子
out of the Hand of All His Enemies
9当耶和华救大卫脱离一切仇敌和扫罗之手的日子，他向耶和华念这诗的话。（撒下二二1，诗十八篇题。）
9David spoke the words of this song to Jehovah on the day when Jehovah delivered him out of the hand of all his enemies and out of the hand of Saul (v. 1; Psa. 18, title
二 这首诗歌成了诗篇第十八篇
B. This Song Becoming Psalm 18
10他的这首诗歌是他与神亲密的谈话，成了诗篇第十八篇。以下各点为这篇诗的内容。
10This song of his, as his intimate talk to God, became Psalm 18 in the Psalms. The following points are the contents of this psalm
１ 赞美神
1. Praising God
11大卫赞美神是他的岩石、营寨、解救者、磐石、盾牌、拯救的角、高台、避难所和救主。（撒下二二2～6。）
11David praised God as his crag, fortress, Deliverer, rock, shield, horn of his salvation, high tower, refuge, and Savior (2 Sam. 22:2-6
２ 感谢神听了他的呼求
2. Thanking God for Hearing His Calling
12大卫接著感谢神听了他的呼求，用奇事救他脱离灾祸。（7～20。）
12David went on to thank God for hearing his calling and rescuing him from his calamity by His marvelous doings (vv. 7-20
３ 认为他的公义、
3. Considering His Righteousness
13完全、忠信、洁净、和纯洁，是神救他的原因
13Perfection, Faithfulness, Cleanness, and Purity
as the Cause of God'sS alvation to Him
14二十一至二十八节给我们看见，大卫认为他的公义、完全、忠信、洁净和纯洁，是神救他的原因，并认为神的救恩是神给他的报答。
14Verses 21 through 28 show us that David considered his righteousness, perfection, faithfulness, cleanness, and purity as the cause of God'ss alvation to him and that he considered God'ss alvation as a recompense to him
４ 感谢神是他的灯
4. Thanking God as His Lamp
15大卫也感谢神是他的灯，照明他的黑暗。（29。）
15David also thanked God as his lamp lighting up his darkness (v. 29
５ 感谢神，因神的道路是完全的
5. Thanking God Whose Way Is Perfect
16在大卫这首诗歌其余的部分里，大卫感谢神，因神的道路是完全的，神的话是炼净的，神是独一的神，将大卫安置在高处，神卑屈的温柔使大卫为大，使他脚下的地步宽阔，给他力量治服他的仇敌，保守他作列国的元首，使外邦人归顺他，事奉他，神向祂所立的王显大救恩，施慈爱给祂的受膏者大卫和他的后裔（基督），直到永远。（30～51。）
16In the remainder of his song, David thanked God whose way is perfect; whose word is tried; who is the unique God, setting him on high places; whose condescending gentleness had made him great and had broadened the places of his steps, strengthening him to subdue his enemies, keeping him as the head of the nations, and making foreigners cringe to him and serve him; and who manifested salvation to His king and executed lovingkindness to His anointed, to David and to his seed (Christ) forever (vv. 30-51).
肆 大卫末了的话
IV. THE LAST WORDS OF DAVID
17在二十三章一至七节我们看见大卫
17In 23:1-7 we have the last words of David
18末了的话。
18
一 耶西的儿子大卫的宣告
A. The Declaration of David the Son of Jesse
19这些话乃是耶西的儿子大卫的宣告。（1中。）
19These words are the declaration of David the son of Jesse (v. 1b
二 是那被高举者的宣告
B. The Declaration of the Man Who Had Been Raised Up on High
20一节下半说，这些话是那被高举者的宣告，他是雅各的神所膏的，是以色列诗歌中的美者（愉悦者）。
20Verse 1c says that these are the words of the man who had been raised upon high, the anointed of the God of Jacob, the one lovely (pleasant) in the psalms of Israel
三 耶和华的灵藉著他说话
C. The Spirit of Jehovah Speaking through Him
21在二节大卫说，耶和华的灵藉著他说话，耶和华的话在他口中。
21In verse 2 David said that the Spirit of Jehovah spoke through him and that His word was on his tongue
四 以色列的神和磐石对他说话
D. The Speaking of the God and the Rock of Israel to Him
22大卫接著宣告说，以色列的神和磐石对他说话。（3上。）
22David went on to declare that the God and the Rock of Israel spoke to him (v. 3a
五 他（豫表基督）以公义治理人，凭敬畏神掌权
E. He, Typifying Christ, Ruling among Men Righteously with the Fear of God
23三节下半说，大卫（豫表基督）以公义治理人，凭敬畏神掌权。
23Verse 3b says that David, typifying Christ, ruled among men righteously with the fear of God
六 他（豫表基督）像日出的晨光，如无云的清晨
F. He, Typifying Christ, Being Like the Light of the Morning When the Sun Rises without Clouds
24大卫（豫表基督）像日出的晨光，如无云的清晨，像雨后的晴光，使地发生嫩草。（4。）当基督以公义治理人，凭敬畏神掌权，祂就像日出的晨光，如无云的清晨，像雨后的晴光，使地发生嫩草。
24Typifying Christ, David was like the light of the morning when the sun rises without clouds, as when the tender grass sprouts up from the earth at the sun's shining after a rain (v. 4). When Christ rules among men righteously with the fear of God, He is like the light of the morning when the sun rises, as when the tender grass sprouts up from the earth at the sun's shining after a rain
七 他家在神面前也是如此
G. His House Being So with God
25大卫接著在五节上半表明，他家在神面前也是如此，因为神与他立了永远的约，凡事为他安排，坚定稳固。然后大卫问：『关乎我的一切救恩和我的一切愿望，祂岂不使其发旺生长么？』（5下。）八恶人都必像荆棘被丢弃大卫的结语是，恶人都必像荆棘被丢弃，终久必被火焚烧。（6～7。）
25In verse 5a David continued by indicating that his house was so with God, for God had made an eternal covenant with him, ordered in all things and secure. Then David asked, "For all my salvation and all my desire,/Will He not indeed make them grow?" (v. 5b). H. The Wicked Being Like Thorns to Be Thrust Away David concluded by saying that the wicked will be like thorns to be thrust away and will be burned with fire in their place (vv. 6-7).
伍 大卫的勇士
V. THE MIGHTY MEN OF DAVID
26八至三十九节说到大卫的勇士。
26Verses 8 through 39 speak of the mighty men of David
一 头三个勇士
A. The First Three Mighty Men
27头三个勇士是约设巴设（军长的首领）、以利亚撒和沙玛。（8～12。）
27The first three mighty men were Josheb-basshebeth, the chief of the captains, Eleazar, and Shammah (vv. 8-12
二 第二批的三个勇士，他们从伯利恒的井里打水给大卫喝
B. The Second Three Mighty Men, Who Drew the Water from the Well of Bethlehem for David
28第二批的三个勇士，他们从伯利恒的13-井里打水给大卫喝。（13～23。）亚比筛是这三个勇士的首领，在三十个勇士里是最尊贵的，作了他们的首领，只是不及前三个勇士。（18～。）比拿雅，比那三十个勇士尊贵，只是不及前三个勇士，他被大卫立为护卫长。（20～23。）
28The second three mighty men were those who drew water from the well of Bethlehem for David (vv. 23). Abishai, the chief of the three and the most honored among the thirty, became their leader, but he did not attain to the first three (vv. 18-19). Benaiah, more honored than the thirty but not 19 attaining to the first three, was set by David over his guard (vv. 20-23).
三三十 个勇士
C. The Thirty Mighty Men
29二十四至三十九节列出三十个勇士的名字，其中包括大卫用计杀死的乌利亚。
29Verses 24 through 39 give the names of the thirty mighty men. One of the thirty was Uriah, who was killed by David's conspiracy
陆 大卫最后的罪
VI. THE LAST SIN OF DAVID
30撒下二十四章及代上二十一章给我们看见大卫最后的罪。
30In chapter twenty-four and in 1 Chronicles 21 we have an account of the last sin of David
一 耶和华向以色列人发怒
A. The Anger of Jehovah against Israel
31耶和华又向以色列人发怒。（撒下二四1上。）
31Again the anger of Jehovah was kindled against Israel (2 Sam. 24:1a
二 撒但激动大卫数点以色列人和犹大人
B. Satan's Moving David against Israel to Number Israel and Judah
32撒但激动大卫数点以色列人和犹大人。（撒下二四1下～2，代上二一1。）撒但激动大卫作这事，乃是神所许可的。三约押不同意数点百姓约押不同意数点百姓，对大卫说，『愿耶和华你的神使百姓比现有的再加增百倍，使我主我王亲眼得见。但我主我王何必喜悦行这事呢？』（撒下二四3。）
32Satan moved David against Israel to number Israel and Judah (vv. 1b-2; 1 Chron. 21:1). Satan's moving David to do this was permitted by God. C. Joab's Disagreement with Numbering the People Joab disagreed with numbering the people and said to David, "Now may Jehovah your God add to the people a hundred times as many as they are, while the eyes of my lord the king may see it. But why does my lord the king desire this thing?" (2 Sam. 24:3).
四 约押和众军长为大卫所迫，执行他的使命，去数点百姓
D. Joab and the Captains of the Army Being Forced by David to Carry Out His Commission to Number the People
33约押和众军长为大卫所迫，执行他的使命，去数点百姓。（4～9。）他们走遍全国数点百姓，历时九个月零二十天。拿刀之勇士的总数是：在以色列的有八十万，在犹大的有五十万。五大卫悔改，承认他的罪
33Joab and the captains of the army were forced by David to carry out his commission to number the people (vv. 4-9). The people were numbered throughout the country for nine months and twenty days. The total number of valiant men who drew the sword was 800,000 in Israel and 500,000 in Judah. E. David's Repentance and Confession of His Sin
34大卫悔改，承认数点百姓的罪。他心中自责，对耶和华说，『我行这事大有罪了。耶和华阿，求你除掉仆人的罪孽，因我所行的甚是愚昧。』（10。）
34David repented and confessed his sin in numbering the people. His heart smote him, and he said to Jehovah, "I have sinned greatly in what I have done; but now, O Jehovah, put away the iniquity of Your servant, for I have acted very foolishly" (v. 10
六 神藉著申言者迦得，就是大卫的先见，施行惩罚，给大卫三个选择
F. God's Punishment through Gad the Prophet, David's Seer, in Three Choices
35在十一至十四节，神藉著申言者迦得，就是大卫的先见，施行惩罚。神给大卫三个选择：国中有七年的饥荒；在敌人面前逃跑，被追赶三个月；在国中有三日的瘟疫。（13。）大卫极其为难，选择落在耶和华的手里，因为祂有丰盛的怜恤；大卫不愿落在人的手里。（14。）七神用瘟疫惩罚以色列人耶和华降瘟疫在以色列中，从但直到别是巴，民间死了七万人。（15。）
35In verses 11 through 14 God's punishment came through Gad the prophet, David's seer. God offered David three choices: seven years of famine coming upon the land, fleeing before his adversaries for three months under their pursuing, and three days of pestilence in the land (v. 13). David, in a great strait, chose to fall into the hand of Jehovah, for His compassions are great, and was not willing to fall into the hand of man (v. 14). G. God's Punishment over Israel with a Pestilence Jehovah sent a pestilence in Israel, and 70,000 people died from Dan to Beer-sheba (v. 15
八 神后悔不降灾，以及大卫认罪
H. God's Repenting of the Harm and David's Confession
36在十六至十七节，我们看见神后悔不降灾，以及大卫认罪。天使向耶路撒冷伸手要灭城的时候，耶和华后悔，就不降这灾了，吩咐灭民的天使说，『彀了，住手罢。』（16中。）大卫看见击杀民的天使，就对耶和华说，『看哪，我犯了罪，行了恶。但这群羊作了甚么呢？我祈祷，愿你的手攻击我，和我的父家。』（17。）
36In verses 16 and 17 we see God's repenting of the harm and David's confession. When the angel stretched forth his hand toward Jerusalem to destroy it, Jehovah repented of the harm and said to the angel, "It is enough; now hold your hand" (v. 16b). When David saw the angel striking the people, he said, "Behold, it is I who have sinned, and it is I who have acted wickedly; but these sheep, what have they done? Let Your hand, I pray, be against me and against the house of my father" (v. 17
九 大卫为耶和华筑了一座坛，使民间的瘟疫止住
I. David Building an Altar to Jehovah to Stay the Plague among the People
37大卫为耶和华筑了一座坛，使民间的瘟疫止住。（18～25。）大卫是照著神藉申言者迦得所吩咐的，（18～，）将坛筑在耶布斯人亚劳拿的禾场上。（20～24。）大卫献燔祭和平安祭给耶和华。（25上。）耶和华垂听国民为那地的恳求，（25中，）瘟疫在以色列人中就止住了。（25下。）
37David built an altar to Jehovah to stay the plague among the people (vv. 18-25). David did this according to God's command through Gad the prophet (vv. 18-19). The altar was built on the threshing floor of 19 Araunah the Jebusite (vv. 20-24), and David offered burnt offerings and peace offerings (v. 25a). Jehovah responded to the entreaty for the land (v. 25b), and the plague was stayed in Israel (v. 25c).
撒母耳记上、下
A CONCLUDING WORD
38撒母耳记上、下一开始就向我们揭示，神完成祂的经纶，需要人的配合与合作。第一个例证是撒母耳的母亲哈拿。哈拿寻求神，并自然的与神配合并合作。这给神有路，用新的祭司职任，就是神藉著哈拿的儿子撒母耳所兴起的，取代在以利之下衰微的祭司职分。撒母耳，就是他母亲哈拿与神配合并合作的结果，照著他母亲对神的愿望，成了忠信的拿细耳人，给神有路结束败坏的士师时代，带进
38First and 2 Samuel unveil to us, from the beginning, that God's accomplishment of His economy needs man's coordination and cooperation. The first illustration is Hannah, the mother of Samuel. She was seeking God and spontaneously coordinated and cooperated with God. This afforded God the way to replace the waning priesthood under Eli with a new priesthood raised up by God through her son Samuel. Samuel, the issue of his mother Hannah's coordination and cooperation with God, became a faithful Nazarite according to his mother's desire for God and rendered to God the way to end the corrupted age of the judges
（一） 君王时代，以顶替老旧祭司职任中的治理职事；（二）以及申
and to bring in (1) the age of kingship to replace the governing ministry of the old priesthood and (2) the
39言者职分，以顶替老旧祭司职任中神说话的职事。
39prophethood to replace the God-speaking ministry of the old priesthood
40大卫是合乎神心的人，给神有路开始君王时代，为著神要来的基督，建立神在地上的国。但很可惜的是，大卫在那恶者试诱他的重要时刻，没有极力的控制他的情欲，却沉溺于其中，而犯了粗鄙的罪，得罪神到了极点。这因素使他失去神所赐给他之国的十二分之十一，撒下了所罗门败坏的种子，结果失去了神所赐的国；也种下他后裔在君王职分上的败坏，结果失去圣地，圣民也被掳，分散到全地直到今时。
40David, being a man according to God'she art, afforded God the way to begin the age of kingship for the establishment of His kingdom on the earth for His coming Christ. But how regrettable it was that David, at a crucial time of the evil one's temptation, did not exercise strong control over his lust but indulged in it and committed a gross sin which offended God to the uttermost. This became the factor of the loss of eleven-twelfths of his God-given kingdom, which sowed the seed of Solomon's corruption, issuing in the loss of the God-given kingdom, and the seed of the corruption of his descendants in the kingship, issuing in the loss of the holy land and the captivity of the holy people in their dispersion to the whole world up to the present age.