列王纪生命读经 · 第2篇

大卫的晚年和离世

The Old Age and Decease of David

1读经：列王纪上1:1至2:11。在本篇信息中，我们要来看大卫的晚年和离世。

1Scripture Reading: 1 Kings 1:1—2:11 In this message we will consider the old age and decease of David

壹、老迈衰萎

I. BEING OLD AND FADING AWAY

2大卫不但变得老迈，并且衰萎。衰萎与一般的老迈不同。大卫的一生有美好的开始，好像明亮的旭日升起，他的生平同他的事业如日中天。然而，他的放纵情欲，破坏了他的事业，使他辉煌的生平变得衰萎，如日落黄昏。在大卫的晚年，没有甚么辉煌、优越、光彩的事。

2David not only became old but was also fading away. To fade away is different from being old, which is common. David’s life had a good beginning, like the bright sun rising, and his life with his career became like the sun shining at noon. However, his indulgence in lust spoiled his career and caused his bright life to fade like the sunset in the evening. In David’sold age there was nothing bright, excellent, or splendid

贰、立所罗门

II. MAKING SOLOMON

作他王位的继承人

THE SUCCESSOR TO HIS THRONE

3大卫立所罗门作他王位的继承人。（王上一５～５３。）然而，所罗门的源头，乃是大卫的放纵情欲。所罗门的母亲，原是大卫军队中一个外邦首领乌利亚的妻子。大卫谋杀乌利亚，夺了他的妻子。大卫选立所罗门作他的继承人时，必定不会觉得有甚么光荣。大卫选立所罗门，有力的证明神的赦免和无限的恩典;虽然如此，大卫对此必定觉得羞愧。大卫军队的元帅约押，曾参与谋杀乌利亚;他对大卫的罪，消极的感觉也许一直没有过去。这可能是约押加入亚多尼雅背叛的原因。藉此我们能看见，我们的犯罪不是轻微的事；我们的犯罪会破坏一切。大卫的放纵大大破坏了他的名声、他的地位、甚至他的结局。这是大卫一生的衰萎、日落。

3David made Solomon the successor to his throne (1:5-53). However, Solomon’ss our ce was David’s indulgence of lust. Solomon’s mother was the wife of Uriah, a Gentile leader of David’s army. David murdered Uriah and took his wife. As David was appointing Solomon as his successor, he could not have felt glorious. David’sap pointing of Solomon was strong evidence of God’s forgiveness and unlimited grace, but David nevertheless must have felt a sense of shame about it. Joab, the captain of David’s army, who participated in Uriah’s murder, might never have lost his negative feeling about David’ss in. It might have been because of this that Joab joined Adonijah in his rebellion. By this we can see that our sinning is not a light matter. It spoils everything. David’s indulgence greatly spoiled his name, his position, and even his ending. This was the fading, the sunset, of David’s life

4大卫的放纵成了种子，导致美地失去、圣民被掳的悲剧。这悲剧的影响，甚至持续到今天。这该作我们中间所有年轻人的警告。我们不可随便接触异性。我们在召会中的弟兄姊妹，无法避免彼此接触，但我们必须一直与异性保持距离。大卫放纵犯罪，开始只是看一眼。他这一看，就使他堕落到这样的地步，有这样悲惨的结局。

4David’s indulgence became a seed which issued in the tragedy of the loss of the good land and the capture of the holy people. The effects of this tragedy have lasted even until today. This should serve as a warning to all the young people among us. We must not contact the other sex in a light way. As brothers and sisters in the church we cannot avoid contacting one another, but we must always keep a distance from the other sex. David’s indulgence in sin began with just one look. His one glance caused him to fall to such an extent with such a tragic result.

一、亚多尼雅以篡夺的手段争作大卫王位的继承人

A. Adonijah Struggling in the Way of Usurping to Be the Successor to the Throne of David

5哈及的儿子亚多尼雅，也是所罗门异母的哥哥，（二２２，）以篡夺的手段争作大卫王位的继承人。（一５～１０。）他企图篡夺王位，这是背叛的行动。

5Adonijah, the son of Haggith and an older brother of Solomon of a different mother (2:22), struggled in the way of usurping to be the successor to the throne of David (1:5-10). His attempt to usurp the throne was an act of rebellion

二、大卫坚决宣告，立所罗门作他王位的继承人

B. David’s Decisive Declaration to Make Solomon the Successor to His Throne

6一章十一至三十一节记载，大卫在亚多尼雅的背叛中坚决宣告，立他的儿子所罗门作他王位的继承人。因著所罗门的身世背景，大卫作这样的宣告并不容易。

6In verses 11 through 31 we have an account of David’s decisive declaration, in the midst of Adonijah’s rebellion, to make Solomon his son the successor to his throne. Because of Solomon’s origin, it was not easy for David to make such a declaration

１ .由于申言者拿单智慧的题议

1. By the Wise Proposal of Nathan the Prophet

7大卫关于所罗门的坚决宣告，是由于申言者拿单智慧题议的帮助。（１１～１４，２２～２７。）约押加入亚多尼雅背叛大卫，而拿单加强大卫。

7David’s decisive declaration regarding Solomon was made by the help of the wise proposal of Nathan the prophet (vv. 11-14, 22-27). Whereas Joab joined Adonijah to rebel against David, Nathan strengthened him

２ .藉著拔示巴亲密的恳求

2. Through Bath-sheba’sIn tim ate Entreating

8大卫坚决宣告所罗门该是他王位的继承人，也是藉著拔示巴亲密的恳求。（１５～２１，２８～３１。）三、所罗门登上他父亲的王位，

8David’s decisive declaration that Solomon should be the successor to his throne was made also through Bath-sheba’sin tim ate entreating (vv. 15-21, 28-31). C. Solomon’s Accession to the Throne of His Father

作大卫王位合法的继承人

as the Legal Successor to the Davidic Throne

9一章三十二至四十节说到所罗门登上他父亲的王位，作大卫王位合法的继承人。

9Verses 32 through 40 speak of Solomon’s accession to the throne of his father as the legal successor to the Davidic throne

１ .由他父亲大卫所命立

1. Ordained by David His Father

10所罗门登位是由他父亲大卫所命立。（３２～３７。）关于所罗门，大卫说，『在那里祭司撒督和申言者拿单要膏他作以色列的王；你们也要吹号，说，愿所罗门王万岁！…他要坐我的位，接续我作王。我已立他作以色列和犹大的君。』（３４～３５。）

10Solomon’s accession was ordained by David his father (vv. 32-37). Regarding Solomon, David said, “Let Zadok the priest and Nathan the prophet anoint him there as king over Israel; and blow the trumpet and say, May King Solomon live!...He shall come and sit upon my throne, and he shall reign in my place; for I have appointed him as leader over Israel and over Judah” (vv. 34-35

２ .由祭司撒督、申言者拿单、元帅比拿雅所执行

2. Carried Out by Zadok the Priest, Nathan the Prophet, and Benaiah the Captain of the Army

11大卫关于所罗门继位的命立，由祭司撒督、申言者拿单、以及后来作元帅的比拿雅所执行。（３８～４０。）

11David’so rd i nation concerning Solomon’s succession was carried out by Zadok the priest, Nathan the prophet, and Benaiah the captain of the army (vv. 38-40

四、亚多尼雅的降服

D. Adonijah’sS ur render

12王上一章四十一至五十三节描述亚

12Verses 41 through 53 describe Adonijah’ss ur render

13多尼雅的降服。

１ .他向所罗门屈服并乞求

1. His Submission to and Begging of Solomon

14四十一至五十二节说到亚多尼雅向所罗门屈服并乞求。亚多尼雅听见大卫已立所罗门为王，就抓住祭坛的角，说，『愿所罗门王今日向我起誓，必不用刀杀仆人。』（５１。）

14Verses 41 through 52 speak of Adonijah’s submission to and begging of Solomon. When Adonijah heard that David had made Solomon king, he took hold of the horns of the altar, saying, “Let King Solomon swear to me today that he will not kill his servant with the sword” (v. 51

２ .所罗门的接纳并宽恕

2. Solomon’s Acceptance and Pardon

15所罗门接纳亚多尼雅，并宽恕他。（53。）参、临终嘱咐他的儿子所罗门，

15Solomon accepted Adonijah and pardoned him (v. 53). III. Giving The Final Charge To Solomon His Son

就是大卫王位的继承人

As The Successor To The Davidic Throne

16在二章一至九节，大卫临终嘱咐他的儿子所罗门，就是大卫王位的继承人。

16In 2:1-9 David gave the final charge to Solomon his son as the successor to the Davidic throne

一、嘱咐他要刚强作大丈夫

A. Charging Him to Be Strong and Be a Man

17大卫嘱咐所罗门要刚强作大丈夫。（2。）

17David charged Solomon to be strong and be a man (v. 2

二、嘱咐他行耶和华的道，谨守祂的诫命

B. Charging Him to Walk in Jehovah’sWays and Keep His Commandments

18大卫继续嘱咐所罗门，要照著摩西律法书上所写的，行耶和华的道，谨守祂的诫命，使他可以亨通，王位得以坚立。（３～４。）然而，我们看见，所罗门至终变得比大卫更放纵。结果他不仅不亨通，反而遭受损失，失去了他国度的十个支派。三、嘱咐他要结束约押和示每的性命，

18David continued by charging Solomon to walk in Jehovah’sways and keep His commandments as written in the law of Moses, that he might prosper and that his throne might be established (vv. 3-4). However, as we will see, Solomon eventually became more indulgent than David. As a result, he did not prosper. Rather, he suffered and lost ten tribes of his kingdom. C. Charging Him to End the Lives of Joab and Shimei

也要赏报巴西莱的众子

and to Reward the Sons of Barzillai

19最终，在五至九节，大卫嘱咐所罗门要结束约押的性命，约押曾帮助亚多尼雅篡夺王位；（一７；）并要结束示每的性命，示每曾在大卫逃避押沙龙的时候，咒诅大卫；（撒下十六５～１３；）也要赏报巴西莱的众子，巴西莱曾在大卫逃避押沙龙背叛的时候，支持大卫。（十七２７～２９。）大卫在这里关心这些事，指明他临终的时候，心中没有平安，没有安慰。他对付这些人，乃是他放纵犯罪的结果。神赦免了他，但神公义

19Finally, in verses 5 through 9 David charged Solomon to end the lives of Joab, who helped Adonijah in his usurpation of the throne (1:7), and Shimei, who cursed David when he was escaping from Absalom (2 Sam. 16:5-13), and to reward the sons of Barzillai, who supported David in the escape from Absalom’s rebellion (17:27-29). David’s concern here indicates that while he was on his deathbed he had no peace or comfort in his heart. His dealing with these persons was the issue of his indulgence in sin. God forgave him, but God’s righteous judgment would not let him go.

20的审判不让他过去。

20IV. CEASING IN HIS LIFE ON EARTH

肆、终止他在地上的生命

21王上二章十至十一节说到大卫终止他在地上的生命。他葬在大卫城，（１０，）作以色列王四十年：在希伯仑作犹大王七年，在耶路撒冷作全以色列民的王三十三年。（１１。）

21First Kings 2:10-11 speaks of David’s ceasing in his life on earth. He was buried in the city of David (v. 10), after reigning over Israel for forty years: seven years in Hebron over Judah and thirty-three years in Jerusalem over the entire people of Israel (v. 11

22照著大卫为以色列人所作的，他死的时候，百姓该作一些事来记念他。然而，与我们所期望的相反，圣经没有给我们生动的记载来告诉我们，他死的时候，百姓表达他们对他的珍赏。反之，大卫在地上一生结局的记载是黯淡消沉的。这指明大卫的放纵情欲，破坏了他辉煌的一生。不仅如此，所罗门和他以后三十八个王所犯的罪，都能追溯到大卫的放纵。他一次的放纵，结果使他的后裔失去神所赐的美地，并使神的选民受到破坏。虽然大卫一生的结局是可悲的，然而神的主宰胜过仇敌的狡诈。神仍然使被掳的人归回，以保守基督家谱的十四代。藉著被掳的人归回，美地得著恢复。神仍然完成祂的心意，在祂的三一里将自己带到人性里，并建立祂属灵的国。

22According to what David had done for Israel, the people should have taken action, at the time of his death, to remember him. However, contrary to what we might expect, the Bible does not give us a vivid record telling us that at his death the people expressed their appreciation of him. Rather, the record of the end of David’s life on earth is dim and gloomy. This indicates that the indulgence of David’s lust spoiled his splendid life. Moreover, the sins committed by Solomon and the thirty-eight kings after him can be traced to David’s indulgence. His one indulgence resulted in the loss of the God-given good land by his descendants and in the spoiling of God’s chosen people. Although the ending of David’s life was sad, God’s sovereignty nevertheless overcame Satan’s subtlety. God still carried out the return from captivity in order to preserve fourteen generations of Christ’s genealogy. By the return from captivity the good land was recovered. God still carried out His intention to bring Himself in His Trinity into humanity and to set up His spiritual kingdom