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列王纪生命读经 · 第21篇

玛拿西、亚们、和约西亚作犹大王

The Reigns of Manasseh, Amon, and Josiah over Judah
1读经：列王纪下21:1—23:30。在本篇信息中，我们首先要来看玛拿西、亚们、和约西亚作犹大王，然后要说到旧约历史书中豫表的素质。
1Scripture Reading: 2 Kings 21:1—23:30 In this message we will first consider the reigns of Manasseh, Amon, and Josiah over Judah and then say a word concerning the essence of the typology in the books of history in the Old Testament
壹 玛拿西作王
I. THE REIGN OF MANASSEH
2玛拿西作王的记载见于王下二十一章一至十八节。
2The record of the reign of Manasseh is found in 21:1-18
一 作王五十五年
A. Reigning for Fifty-five Years
3希西家的儿子玛拿西登基作犹大王的时候年十二岁，在耶路撒冷作王五十五年。（１。）
3At the age of twelve, Manasseh, the son of Hezekiah, began to reign over Judah and reigned for fifty-five years in Jerusalem (v. 1
二 行耶和华眼中看为恶的事
B. Doing What Was Evil in the Sight of Jehovah
4玛拿西行耶和华眼中看为恶的事，如同外邦人所行可憎的事。他重新建筑他父亲希西家所毁坏的邱坛，又为巴力立坛，如以色列王亚哈所行的。玛拿西敬拜天上的万象，在耶和华殿中筑坛，在耶和华殿的两院中为天上的万象筑坛。不但如此，他焚烧他的儿子，作为给偶像的祭物，又观兆，用法术，立交鬼的和行巫术的，在殿内立雕刻的亚舍拉像，又流许多无辜人的血。玛拿西引犹大人行恶，比列国更甚，不听从神藉摩西所赐的律法，极度的行耶和华眼中看为恶的事，惹动祂的怒气。（２～９，１５～１６。）
4Manasseh did what was evil in the sight of Jehovah, like the abominations of the nations. He rebuilt the high places which his father had destroyed and raised up altars to Baal, as Ahab king of Israel had done. Manasseh worshipped all the host of heaven and built altars in the house of Jehovah and altars to all the host of heaven in both courts of the house of Jehovah. Furthermore, he burned his son as a sacrifice to an idol, practiced soothsaying and enchantments, appointed mediums and spiritists, put the engraved image of the Asherah in the temple, and shed very much innocent blood. Manasseh led the people of Judah astray to do more evil than the nations, not listening to the law given through Moses and doing what was evil in the sight of Jehovah beyond measure and provoking Him to anger (vv. 2-9, 15-16
三 耶和华降祸与耶路撒冷和犹大
C. Jehovah Bringing Evil upon Jerusalem and Judah
5因著玛拿西所行的一切，所以神藉众申言者说，耶和华必降祸与耶路撒冷和犹大，如祂向以色列和亚哈家所行的一样。祂必擦净耶路撒冷，如人擦盘，必把百姓交在仇敌手中。（１０～１４。）
5Because of all that Manasseh did, Jehovah would then bring evil upon Jerusalem and Judah, as He had done over Israel and the house of Ahab. He would wipe Jerusalem like a pan and deliver the people into the hand of their enemies (vv. 10-14
6希西家是最好的王，他的儿子玛拿西是最坏的王。我们很难解释，这样好的王怎么会有这样坏的儿子。特别是玛拿西的罪，使神定意不再容忍百姓，而要毁坏圣殿，蹂躏圣地，并使百姓被掳。玛拿西作王，使神的容忍达到极限，以致放弃了圣民、圣殿、圣城和圣地。
6Hezekiah was the best king and his son Manasseh was the worst. It is hard to explain how such a good king could have such an evil son. It was Manasseh’ss in in particular that caused God to determine no longer to tolerate the people but to destroy the temple, devastate the holy land, and send the people away into captivity. With the reign of Manasseh God’stole ration reached its limit, and He gave up the holy people, the holy temple, the holy city, and the holy land.
四 玛拿西与他列祖同睡
D. Manasseh Sleeping with His Fathers
7玛拿西与他列祖同睡，葬在自己宫院的园内；他儿子亚们接续他作王。（１７～１８。）
7Manasseh slept with his fathers and was buried in the garden of his own house, and Amon his son reigned in his place (vv. 17-18
贰 亚们作王
II. THE REIGN OF AMON
8王下二十一章十九至二十六节记载亚们作王。
8Second Kings 21:19-26 gives an account of the reign of Amon
一 作王二年
A. Reigning for Two Years
9亚们登基作犹大王的时候年二十二岁，在耶路撒冷作王二年。（１９。）
9Amon began to reign over Judah at the age of twenty- two and reigned for two years in Jerusalem (v. 19
二 行耶和华眼中看为恶的事
B. Doing What Was Evil in the Sight of Jehovah
10亚们行耶和华眼中看为恶的事，与他父亲玛拿西所行的一样。他行他父亲一切所行的，敬奉他父亲所敬奉的偶像；离弃耶和华他列祖的神，不遵行耶和华的道。（２０～２２。）
10Amon did what was evil in the sight of Jehovah, as Manasseh his father had done. He walked in all the way that his father had walked and served the idols that his father had served, forsaking Jehovah and not walking in His way (vv. 20-22
三 他的臣仆叛逆他，杀了他
C. His Servants Conspiring against Him and Killing Him
11亚们的臣仆叛逆他，杀了他。但国民杀了所有的叛徒，立他儿子约西亚接续他作王。（２３～２４。）
11Amon’s servants conspired against him and killed him. The people struck down all the rebels and made Amon’ss on Josiah king in his place (vv. 23-24
四 葬在乌撒的园内
D. Buried in the Garden of Uzza
12亚们葬在乌撒的园内自己的坟墓里。（２５～２６。）
12Amon was buried in his grave in the garden of Uzza (vv. 25-26
参 约西亚作王
III. THE REIGN OF JOSIAH
13王下二十二章一节至二十三章三十节描述约西亚作王。
13Second Kings 22:1—23:30 describes the reign of Josiah
一 作王三十一年
A. Reigning for Thirty-one Years
14约西亚登基作犹大王的时候年八岁，在耶路撒冷作王三十一年。（二二１。）二行耶和华眼中看为正的事约西亚行耶和华眼中看为正的事，行他祖大卫一切所行的，不偏左右。（二二２，二三２５。）
14Josiah began to reign over Judah at the age of eight and reigned for thirty-one years in Jerusalem (22:1). B. Doing What Was Right in the Eyes of Jehovah Josiah did what was right in the eyes of Jehovah and walked in all the ways of his father David, not turning to the right or to the left (v. 2; 23:25).
三 修理殿的破坏之处
C. Repairing What Was Broken in the Temple
15约西亚王在第十八年，修理神殿的破坏之处。（二二３～７。）
15In the eighteenth year of his reign, Josiah repaired what was broken in the temple of God (22:3-7
四 听见大祭司在殿里所得的律法书
D. Hearing the Book of the Law, Found by the High Priest in the Temple
16大祭司在殿里得了一本律法书，由书记读给王听。约西亚听见律法书上的话，便撕裂衣服，吩咐大祭司和他的臣仆，为他、为民、为犹大众人，以律法书上的话求问耶和华。（８～１３。）
16The book of the law which was found in the temple by the high priest was read to Josiah by the scribe. When Josiah heard the words of the book of the law, he tore his clothes and commanded the high priest and his servants to inquire of Jehovah for him, for the people, and for all of Judah concerning the words of the law (vv. 8-13
五 藉著女申言者户勒大得著耶和华的回覆
E. Receiving the Answer of Jehovah through Huldah the Prophetess
17约西亚藉著女申言者户勒大得著耶和华的回覆，因著他心里柔软，并在耶和华面前谦卑，撕裂衣服，向耶和华哭泣，所以耶和华必使他平平安安的收归到坟墓、到他列祖那里；耶和华要降与那地的一切灾祸，约西亚也不至亲眼看见。（１４～２０。）
17Through Huldah the prophetess Josiah received the answer of Jehovah that, because his heart was tender and he humbled himself before Jehovah, tearing his garments and weeping before Him, Jehovah would gather him to his fathers, to his grave in peace. Josiah’se yes would not see all the evil which God would bring upon the land (vv. 14-20
六 在耶和华面前立约
F. Making a Covenant before Jehovah
18约西亚招聚犹大和耶路撒冷的众长老、祭司、申言者、和所有的百姓，把约书上的话都念给他们听。他在耶和华面前立约，要全心全魂的跟从耶和华，遵守祂的诫命、法度、律例，成就这书上所记的约言。众民都赞同这约。（二三１～３。）
18Josiah gathered to him all the elders of Judah and Jerusalem, the priests, the prophets, and all the people and read to them all the words of the book of the covenant. Then he made a covenant before Jehovah, to walk after Jehovah and keep His commandments, His testimonies, and His statutes with all his heart and with all his soul, so as to establish the words of this covenant which were written in this book. All the people stood with the covenant (23:1-3
七 在全国彻底清理
G. Making a Thorough Clearance of All
一切敬拜偶像的人
the Idol Worshippers throughout the Country
19约西亚在全国彻底清理一切敬拜偶像的人。（4-20,24。）他把偶像搬走、废去、焚烧，尤其是那些立在圣殿范围内的。（6,11,14,24。）他拆毁所有的邱坛，并别的拜偶像之处和祭坛，连同为偶像所造的器皿，特别是尼八的儿子耶罗波安所筑的祭坛、邱坛，以应验神人所说的豫言。（王上13:1-3，王下23:4,7-10,12-19。）他废去国中一切拜偶像和作恶的人。（王下二三5,8上，20,24上。）
19Josiah made a thorough clearance of all the idol worshippers throughout the country (vv. 4-20, 24). He removed, did away with, and burned the idols, especially those set up in the quarters of the temple (vv. 6, 11, 14, 24). He destroyed all the high places and other places for idol worship and the altars with the vessels built for the idols, particularly the altar, the high place, which Jeroboam the son of Nebat built, for the fulfillment of the prophecy by the man of God (1 Kings 13:1-3; 2 Kings 23:4, 7-10, 12-19). He cut off all the idol worshippers and evildoers in the land (vv. 5, 8a, 20, 24a
八 向耶和华守逾越节
H. Holding the Passover to Jehovah
20约西亚照约书上所写的，向耶和华守逾越节。（２１～２３。）
20Josiah held the Passover to Jehovah according to all that was written in the book of the covenant (vv. 21-23).
九 耶和华向犹大所发猛烈的怒气仍不转消
I. Jehovah Not Turning from His Great Burning Anger against Judah
21无论约西亚行了多少使耶和华喜悦的事，耶和华向犹大所发猛烈的怒气仍不转消，是因玛拿西诸事惹动祂。祂必将犹大人从祂眼前赶出，如同赶出以色列人一样;也必丢弃祂从前所选择的耶路撒冷，和祂立自己名的殿。（２６～２７。）约西亚的良善无法拯救犹大脱离神毁灭的手。十约西亚拦阻法老尼哥的远征
21Regardless of how much Josiah had done that had pleased Jehovah, He still would not turn from His great burning anger against Judah because of all the provocations by Manasseh. He would still remove Judah from His sight, as He had done with Israel, and would cast off the city of Jerusalem, which He had chosen, and the temple where He had put His name (vv. 26-27). Josiah’s goodness could not rescue Judah out of God’s destroying hand. J. Josiah Frustrating Pharaoh Neco’s Expedition
22埃及王法老尼哥上到幼发拉底河攻击亚述王，约西亚拦阻法老尼哥的远征，被他所杀。（２９。）
22When Pharaoh Neco king of Egypt went up against the king of Assyria to the river Euphrates, Josiah frustrated Pharaoh Neco’s expedition and was killed by him (v. 29
十一 他的臣仆将他葬在耶路撒冷
K. Buried in Jerusalem by His Servants
23约西亚被他的臣仆送回耶路撒冷，葬在他自己的坟墓里。（３０。）旧约所记载的历史乃是豫表。历史书被摆在圣经里，因为牠在豫表上给我们一幅神经纶的生动图画。旧约历史豫表的素质乃是神的经纶，以基督和祂的身体为中心和实际。在历史书中的一卷-撒母耳记下，我们看见合乎神心的人大卫，想要为神建殿。（七２～３。）然而，神不需要那样的殿。（４～７。）反之，神要为大卫建立家室。（１１下。）藉著豫表里的豫言，神告诉大卫，神为大卫所建立的家室，至终会有一个后裔，这后裔就是神的儿子。所以这后裔是属人的，也是神圣的。这是人的后裔，也是神的儿子。基督就是神来成为大卫的后裔。这就是说，神自己这神圣者成了人的后裔，就是大卫这人的后裔。这后裔就是神人耶稣，耶和华救主。
23Josiah was brought to Jerusalem by his servants and was buried there in his grave (v. 30). The history recorded in the Old Testament is a type. The history books were put into the Holy Scriptures because, in typology, they give us a vivid view of God’secon o my. The essence of the typology of the Old Testament history is God’secon o my with Christ and His Body as the center and reality. In one of the books of history, 2 Samuel, we see that David, a man according to God’she art, wanted to build a house, a temple, for God (7:2-3). However, God did not need that kind of house (vv. 4-7). Rather, God wanted to build David a house (v. 11b). Through a prophecy in typology, God told David that eventually the house that He would build for him would have a seed and that this seed would be God’sS on. The seed would therefore be both human and divine. It would be a human seed, yet it would also be God’sS on. Christ was God becoming the seed of David. This means that God Himself, the divine One, became a human seed, the seed of a man, David. This seed was Jesus, the God-man, Jehovah the Savior
24耶稣是我们的创造主来成为我们的救主，我们的救恩。祂是创造的神，藉著由童女所生，成了一个人。祂照著神为人所命定的法则，留在童女腹中九个月。祂从那腹中生出来，就不再仅仅是神；祂成了神人。这神人活在地上三十三年半，然后藉著钉十字架进入死。在祂的钉十字架里，祂完成救赎并了结旧造。
24Jesus is our Creator becoming our Savior, our salvation. He is the creating God who became a man by being born of a virgin. He remained in the womb for nine months according to the principle ordained by God for man. When He came out of that womb, He was no longer only God; He had become the God-man. This God-man lived on earth for thirty-three and a half years and then entered into death through crucifixion. In His crucifixion He accomplished redemption and terminated the old creation.
25基督的死乃是神人的死。卫斯理查理（CharlesWesley）在他的一首诗歌中写著：『惊人之爱，何竟如此？我主我神为我受死！』（诗歌二三四首。）在十字架上流血受死的是一个人，但行传二十章二十八节告诉我们，这血乃是神自己的血。这位奇妙神人的死是包罗万有的，了结了整个旧造。创造亚当的那一位，成了末后的亚当，（林前十五４５，）人类的末后一位，死在十字架上，为要结束亚当。在亚当里有罪恶的性情，或称为罪。亚当被十字架了结时，亚当性情里的罪也被了结了。不但如此，在亚当里的罪恶性情，就是撒但自己。因此，在亚当里的性情，就是罪，被了结时，撒但也被废除了。（来二１４。）此外，撒但所发明且与他是一的世界，也藉著基督在十字架上的死被毁坏了。（约十二３１。）基督奇妙的死了结了堕落的人，藉此祂了结了旧人、罪、撒但和世界。同时，藉著祂的死，基督将祂里面神圣的生命释放了出来，得以分赐到神所拣选并救赎的人里面，用神圣的生命重生他们。然后基督进入复活，在复活里祂成了赐生命的灵。赐生命的灵就是创造者-神，祂成了人，过人性生活，经过死，并进入复活。今天我们的神和犹太人的神不同，祂不但是神圣的，也是属人的。祂不但是神，也是人，带著基督的死及其功效，带著祂的复活及其大能，全都复合在一起，成为赐生命的灵，就是经过过程之三一神的终极完成。三一神具体化身在基督里，基督至终成了赐生命的灵，那是灵的基督，就是复活的实际。今天我们有终极完成的三一神，是灵的基督，以及包罗万有、赐生命的灵，就是复活的实际。
25The death of Christ was the death of a God-man. In one of his hymns Charles Wesley wrote, ‘‘Amazing love! how can it be / That Thou, my God, shouldst die for me?’’ (Hymns, #296). The One who died on the cross and shed His blood was a man, yet Acts 20:28 tells us that this blood was God’sown blood. The death of this wonderful God-man was all-inclusive. It terminated the entire old creation. The One who created Adam died on the cross as the last Adam (1 Cor. 15:45), the last of mankind, to end Adam. Within Adam there is a sinful nature, or sin. When Adam was terminated by the cross, the sin within Adam’s nature was also terminated. Furthermore, this sinful nature in Adam is just Satan himself. Thus, when Adam’s nature, sin, was terminated, Satan was also destroyed (Heb. 2:14). In addition, the world, which was invented by Satan and is one with Satan, was also destroyed through the death of Christ on the cross (John 12:31). Christ’s wonderful death ended the fallen man, and through this He ended man, sin, Satan, and the world. At the same time, through His death Christ released the divine life within Him to be dispensed into all God’s chosen and redeemed people, regenerating them with the divine life. Then Christ entered into resurrection, and in resurrection He became the life-giving Spirit. The life-giving Spirit is the Creator God who became a man, lived a human life, passed through death, and entered into resurrection. Today our God, unlike the God of the Jews, is not only divine but also human. He is not only God but also man, with Christ’s death and its effectiveness and with His resurrection with its power, all compounded together to be the life-giving Spirit, the ultimate consummation of the processed Triune God. The Triune God was embodied in Christ, who eventually became the life-giving Spirit, the pneumatic Christ, who is the reality of resurrection. Today we have the consummated Triune God, the pneumatic Christ, and the all-inclusive, life-giving Spirit who is the reality of resurrection
26复活不仅是一件事；复活乃是一个活的人位，就是主耶稣基督。（约十一２５。）祂是复活;在复活里祂成了赐生命的灵。今天对我们而言，复活的实际就是基督这赐生命的灵。
26Resurrection is not just a matter; resurrection is a living person, the Lord Jesus Christ (John 11:25). He is the resurrection and in resurrection He has become the life-giving Spirit. For us today the reality of resurrection is Christ as the life-giving Spirit
27基督现今在复活里乃是赐生命的灵，是经过过程之三一神的终极完成。既然祂在复活里，我们这些信入祂的人也应当在复活里，并活在复活里。复活的意思是所有老旧、天然的事物已被了结，而新的、属灵的事物有了新生的起头。这就是复活－天然的被了结，属灵的有新生的起头，将天然的变化成属灵的。在复活里，我们所活的不是天然的生命，乃是在旧性情上被了结，在新性情上有新生起头的生命，使我们成为基督的肢体。基督今天是团体的基督，有许多肢体。（林前十二１２。）这就是说，祂不但是头，乃是头同著身体。这里有神经纶的素质，以基督和祂的身体为其中心和实际。在这经纶里，藉著一个奇妙的过程，神成了人，为要使人在生命和性情上（但不是在神格上）成为神。对神而言，这过程是成为肉体、人性生活、死和复活。对我们而言，这过程是重生、圣别、更新、变化、模成和得荣。神成了人，至终人要在生命和性情上成为神。这样，神永远的经纶就得以完成。
27Christ is now in resurrection as the life-giving Spirit, the consummation of the processed Triune God. Since He is in resurrection, we, His believers, should also be in resurrection and live in resurrection. Resurrection means that all the old, natural things have been terminated and that something new and spiritual has been germinated. This is resurrection — the termination of the natural and the germination of the spiritual, to transform the natural into the spiritual. In resurrection we do not live a natural life but a life that was terminated in the old nature and germinated in the new nature to make us members of Christ. Christ today is a corporate Christ with many members (1 Cor. 12:12). This means that He is not only the Head but the Head with the Body. Here we have the very essence of God’secon o my, with Christ and His Body as its center and reality. In this economy God became man in order to make man God in life and nature (but not in the Godhead) through a marvelous process. With God this process was incarnation, human living, death, and resurrection. With us this process is regeneration, sanctification, renewing, transformation, conformation, and glorification. God has become man, and eventually man will become God in life and in nature. Then the eternal economy of God will be accomplished.