Books
利未记生命读经 · 第11篇

素祭－基督作神子民与神同享的满足（一）

The Meal Offering Christ for the Satisfaction of God’s People Enjoyed Together with God (1)
1读经：利未记二章一节。在本篇信息中，我们开始来看利未记二章，论到素祭。壹素祭与燔祭的关系
1Scripture Reading: Lev. 2:1 In this message we shall begin to consider chapter two of Leviticus, which is concerned with the meal offering. I. THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE MEAL OFFERING
TO THE BURNT OFFERING
2我们先要了解素祭与燔祭的关系，这是很重要的。
2It is important for us to understand the relationship of the meal offering to the burnt offering
一 燔祭重在基督为神活著；素祭重在基督的为人生活和日常的行事为人
A. The Burnt Offering Emphasizing Christ’s Living for God and the Meal Offering Emphasizing Christ’s Human Living and Daily Walk
3燔祭重在基督为神活著，以致于死，这含示祂的生活，却重在祂的死。素祭重在基督的为人生活，和日常的行事为人，这含示祂的死，却重在祂的生活。
3The emphasis of the burnt offering is on Christ’s living for God, even unto death, implying His living but emphasizing His death. The emphasis of the meal offering is on Christ’s human living and daily walk, implying His death but emphasizing His living
二 燔祭重在基督是神的义；素祭重在基督
B. The Burnt Offering Emphasizing That Christ Is the Righteousness of God and the Meal Offering
4在神面前是义的燔祭重在基督是义－神的义；素祭重在基督是义的－在神面前是义的。在燔祭里，我们能看见基督是义，因为燔祭指明基督是神的义。素祭指明基督是义的。
4Emphasizing That Christ Is Righteous before God The burnt offering emphasizes that Christ is the righteousness—the righteousness of God. The meal offering emphasizes that Christ is righteous—righteous before God. In the burnt offering we can see Christ as righteousness, for the burnt offering indicates that Christ is God’s righteousness. The meal offering indicates that Christ is righteous
5我们需要区别『义』（名词）和『义的』（形容词）。我们可以说基督就是义的本身，也可以说祂是义的。对『罪』（名词）和『有罪的』（形容词）这两个辞，原则也一样。一面可以说我们就是罪，就是罪本身的总和，另一面可以说我们是有罪的。当基督死在十字架上时，祂成为罪。（林后五21。）这位死在十字架上的，不仅是一个人耶稣基督，乃是一个人成为罪的总和。因著基督成为罪，祂就将罪从人类中间除去，（约一29，）而且也把人位化的罪定罪了。（罗八3。）这是指基督作赎罪祭说的。
5We need to differentiate righteousness (a noun) from righteous (an adjective). We may say that Christ is righteousness itself, and we may also say that He is righteous. The principle is the same with the words sin (a noun) and sinful (an adjective). On the one hand, we may say that we are sin, that we are the totality of sin itself. On the other hand, we may say that we are sinful. When Christ died on the cross, He was made sin (2 Cor. 5:21). The One who died on the cross was not just a person, Jesus Christ, but a person made sin in its totality. Because Christ was made sin, He took away sin from mankind (John 1:29), and sin as a personification was condemned (Rom. 8:3). This refers to Christ as the sin offering.
6基督也是赎愆祭。赎愆祭不是说基督为我们成为罪，乃是说基督担负了我们的罪。（彼前二24，来九28。）一面基督作赎罪祭成为罪（单数），另一面基督作赎愆祭担负我们的罪（复数）。我们需要看见，我们堕落过的人不仅是有罪的，并且我们就是罪。当我跪在主前祷告的时候，我常常对祂说，『主，我不仅有罪－我就是罪的本身。我不是别的，我就是罪。』在燔祭里，我们能看见基督是神的义；在素祭里，我们能看见义的基督，就是在各面都是义的那一位。因为基督是神的义，所以祂能作神的满足，并且也能给神怡爽的香气。只有基督能满足神到极点。
6Christ is also the trespass offering. The trespass offering is a matter not of Christ being made sin for us but of Christ bearing our sins (1 Pet. 2:24; Heb. 9:28). On the one hand, as the sin offering Christ was made sin; on the other hand, as the trespass offering Christ bore our sins. We need to realize that as fallen persons we are not merely sinful; we are sin. Often as I have knelt before the Lord and prayed, I have said to Him, “Lord, I am not just sinful—I am sin itself. I am nothing but sin.” In the burnt offering we can see Christ as the righteousness of God, and in the meal offering we can see the righteous Christ, the One who is right in every way. Because Christ is God’s righteousness, He can be God’s satisfaction and give Him a satisfying fragrance. Only Christ can satisfy God to the uttermost
7我们也该是神的义，满足神到一个地步，成了使神怡爽的香气。但我们怎能成为这样的人？在神眼中，我们是不义－我们就是罪。我们怎能成为燔祭献给神？我们这些是罪的人怎能成为义？在我们自己里面这是不可能的，但藉著在基督的经历中经历祂，这就是可能的。我早年尽职时，刚结婚的年轻弟兄姊妹，常因他们脾气的难处来问我，怎能作好丈夫，好妻子。他们不想发脾气，但无论怎样努力还是失败。他们要我告诉他们如何胜过脾气。我那时尽职的年日不多，没有看见活基督的异象。因著我缺乏异象，又因著我仍受到所读关于如何过基督徒生活的一些书籍影响，我就告诉他们，他们需要爱主，多祷告，多背圣经节。他们接受我的劝告，回去设法跟随，却行不通，总是失败。他们立志不发脾气，但至终却发了脾气。他们的经历，以及我的经历，就像保罗在罗马七章的一样：『立志为善由得我，只是行出来由不得我。因为我所愿意的善，我反不作；我所不愿意的恶，我倒去作。』（罗七18下～19。）但是今天若有人要我去帮助圣徒对付脾气，我会说，『你需要看见你就是脾气本身。既是如此，你怎能避免发脾气？要胜过你的脾气，惟一的路乃是活另一个人，就是活那不是脾气，而是神的义的一位。』
7We also should be God’s righteousness, satisfying God to such an extent that we become to God a satisfying fragrance. But how can we be this kind of person? In the sight of God we are not righteousness—we are sin. How can we be a burnt offering to God? How can we who are sin be righteousness? In ourselves it is impossible, but it is possible by experiencing Christ in His experiences. In the early years of my ministry, young married brothers and sisters who had a problem with their temper often asked me how they could be a good husband or wife. They did not want to lose their temper, but no matter how hard they tried, they were defeated. They wanted me to tell them how they could overcome their temper. Being young in the ministry, I had not yet seen the vision of living Christ. Because of my lack of vision and because I was still under the influence of certain books I had read on living the Christian life, I would tell them that they needed to love the Lord, pray a great deal, and memorize Bible verses. They took my advice and tried to follow it, but it did not work, and the result invariably was failure. They made up their mind not to lose their temper, but eventually they failed and lost their temper. Their experience, and mine as well, was like that of Paul in Romans 7: “To will is present with me, but to do the good is not. For the good which I will, I do not; but the evil I do not will, this I practice” (vv. 18b-19). If today I were asked to help the saints in dealing with their temper, I would say, “You need to realize that you are temper itself. How, then, can you avoid losing your temper? The only way to overcome your temper is to live another person, the One who is not temper but the righteousness of God.”
8在基督以外没有义。在这宇宙中，只有祂是那义。我们若没有祂，就无法有义。保罗论到犹太人说，『因为不知道神的义，又想要建立自己的义，就不服神的义了。』（罗十3。）那些在基督以外寻求义的人永远找不到义。祂是燔祭，是神的义；祂也是素祭，是最公义的。祂在每一面都是柔细、完全、完整且公义的。
8Apart from Christ there is no righteousness. He is the righteousness in this universe. If we do not have Him, we cannot have righteousness. Paul, speaking of the Jews, says, “They, being ignorant of God’s righteousness, and seeking to establish their own righteousness, did not submit to the righteousness of God” (Rom. 10:3). Those who seek righteousness apart from Christ will never find it. As the burnt offering He is the very righteousness of God, and as the meal offering He is the most righteous One. He is fine, perfect, complete, and righteous in every way
贰 细面
II. FINE FLOUR
一 素祭的主要成分
A. The Main Element of the Meal Offering
9素祭是细面作的，所以细面是素祭的主要成分。这细面表征基督的人性。基督的人性是柔细的，但我们的人性是粗鲁的。我们外表看起来很温柔美好，但实际上很粗鲁。在人类中间，惟有基督是温柔的，只有祂是细面。在祂身上没有粗鲁。祂的人性是柔细、完全、平衡的，在每一面都是对的。从每一角度看－从前从后、从上从下、从左从右－祂都是对的。
9The meal offering is made of fine flour. Fine flour, therefore, is the main element of the meal offering. This fine flour signifies Christ’s humanity. Christ’s humanity is fine, but our humanity is rough and coarse. We may appear outwardly to be gentle and nice, but actually we are rough. Among the human race Christ is the only one who is gentle; only He is the fine flour. With Him there is no roughness. His humanity is fine, perfect, balanced, and right in every way. From every angle—front and back, top and bottom, right and left—He is right
二 从麦子产生，经过许多过程
B. Produced out of Wheat Which Has Passed through Many Processes
10作素祭的细面是从麦子产生的；麦子经过了许多过程，包括撒下、埋在土里、生长、风吹、霜打、雨淋、日晒，然后被收割、簸扬、筛过并磨碎。这些过程表征基督多面的苦难，使祂成为『忧患之子。』（参赛五三３。）在祂为人的生活里，主耶稣有一层又一层的忧患。』
10The fine flour of the meal offering is produced out of wheat which has passed through many processes, including being sown, buried to die, growing up, being beaten by the wind, frost, rain, and sun, and then being reaped, threshed, sifted, and ground. These processes signify the varied sufferings of Christ which made Him “a man of sorrows” (Isa. 53:3). In His human living the Lord Jesus had sorrow upon sorrow
三 是全然纯良、均匀、柔细并优美的，也是完全平衡，没有过与不及之处的
C. Being Perfect in Fineness, Evenness, Tenderness, and Gentleness and Fully Balanced, with No Excess and No Deficiency
11细面是全然纯良、均匀、柔细并优美的，也是完全平衡，没有过与不及之处的。这表征基督为人生活并日常行事为人的美丽与超越。基督的人性是完全的。祂的人性是我们天然、堕落的人性所无可比拟的。
11The fine flour is perfect in fineness, evenness, tenderness, and gentleness and is fully balanced, with no excess and no deficiency. This signifies the beauty and excellence of Christ’s human living and daily walk. Christ’s humanity is perfect. There is no comparison between His humanity and our natural, fallen humanity.
参 油
III. OIL
一 表征神的灵
A. Signifying the Spirit of God
12素祭的油表征神的灵。（路四１８，来一９。）基督是人，有优越的人性。祂也有神圣的元素，就是神的灵。神圣的元素是在神的灵里，并且就是神的灵。基督是素祭，乃是满了油的。我们甚至可以说，祂已经『给油调匀』了。祂已经与油调和了。这就是说，祂的人性已经与祂的神性调和了。
12The oil of the meal offering signifies the Spirit of God (Luke 4:18; Heb. 1:9). Christ is a man, and as a man He has an excellent humanity. He also has the divine element, which is the Spirit of God. The divine element is in the Spirit of God and is the Spirit of God. As the meal offering, Christ is full of oil. We may even say that He has been “oiled.” He has been mingled with oil. This means that His humanity has been mingled with His divinity
二 浇在细面上
B. Poured upon the Fine Flour
13在素祭里，油是浇在细面上的。这表征神的灵浇灌在基督身上。（太三１６，约一３２。）
13In the meal offering the oil is poured upon the fine flour. This signifies that the Spirit of God was poured upon Christ (Matt. 3:16; John 1:32
肆 乳香
IV. FRANKINCENSE
一 表征基督在祂复活里的馨香
A. Signifying the Fragrance of Christ in His Resurrection
14乳香有甜美的香味，使人有非常愉快的感觉。在豫表里，素祭中的乳香表征基督在祂复活里的馨香。
14Frankincense is sweet smelling and causes people to have a very pleasant feeling. In typology, the frankincense in the meal offering signifies the fragrance of Christ in His resurrection
二 加在细面上
B. Put upon the Fine Flour
15乳香是加在细面上的。这表征基督的人性带著祂复活的香气，从祂所受的苦难中显明出来。（参太十一２０～３０，路＋２１。）在祂人性的过程中，基督受了很多苦，但祂复活的香气，从祂所受的苦难中显明出来。祂虽然非常受苦，却渗透出一种甜美的馨香，就是祂复活的香气。在素祭里有三种元素：细面、油和乳香。我们若读四福音，就会看见基督的一生主要包括了这三种元素。主耶稣一直在这三件事里生活行动－在祂的人性里，调和著祂的神性，并彰显祂的复活。
15The frankincense was put upon the fine flour. This signifies that Christ’s humanity bears the aroma of His resurrection manifested out from His sufferings (cf. Matt. 11:20-30; Luke 10:21). During the course of His human life, Christ suffered a great deal, but the aroma of His resurrection was manifested out from His sufferings. Although He suffered very much, He exuded a sweet fragrance, the aroma of His resurrection. In the meal offering there are three elements: the fine flour, the oil, and the frankincense. If we study the four Gospels, we will see that Christ’s life consisted mainly of these three elements. The Lord Jesus continually lived and walked in these three things—in His humanity mingled with His divinity and expressing His resurrection
16甚至在基督实际被钉十字架以前，祂就一直在彰显祂的复活。关于这点，我们需要看见，主耶稣不是在祂一生的结束时才被钉十字架，祂乃是天天被钉十字架。祂的一生都是在十字架之下。祂常被宰杀、剥皮并切块。祂被钉在十字架上，持续了六小时，这乃是祂被宰杀、剥皮并切块的总和。因著主耶稣天天活在十字架之下，祂总是从祂调和著神性的人性里，彰显出复活来。
16Even before Christ was actually crucified He continually expressed His resurrection. Concerning this, we need to realize that the Lord Jesus was crucified not only at the very end of His life but that He was crucified daily. His entire life was a life under the cross. He was always being slaughtered, skinned, and cut into pieces. His crucifixion, which lasted six hours, was the totality of His being slaughtered, skinned, and cut into pieces. Because the Lord Jesus lived daily under the cross, He always expressed resurrection from His humanity mingled with His divinity.
17我们读四福音时若记住这点，就会看见基督在地上活著时是怎样的人。祂乃是带著最高且最好人性的人。这人性『给油调匀，』因为这人性与祂的神性调和了。在祂的为人生活中，所彰显的不是祂的受苦，乃是复活。这复活就是宇宙中的乳香，馨香的香气，甜美的香味。没有别的东西像这复活的香气那么甜美、馨香。这是基督在地上的为人生活。甚至当主耶稣被捉、被钉的时候，祂还是过一种人性调神性，并彰显复活的生活。一队军兵和祭司长并法利赛人的差役，来到园子寻找耶稣。祂两次问他们：『你们找谁？』（约十八4，7。）他们每次都回答说，『拿撒勒人耶稣。』（约十八5，7。）然后主耶稣对他们说，『你们若找我，就让这些人走罢。』（约十八8。）『这些人』是指祂的门徒。当祂忍受被假门徒出卖，并被军兵捉拿时，祂仍的顾到祂的门徒。在这里我们感受到祂复活的馨香。当祂在十字架上时，祂顾到祂的母亲。『耶稣看见祂母亲和祂所爱的那门徒站在旁边，就对祂母亲说，妇人，看哪，你的儿子。又对那门徒说，看哪，你的母亲。』（约十九26～27上。）这里我们再次看见从主的苦难中彰显出复活来。无论在甚么境遇中，主耶稣都是过一种受苦却彰显祂复活之馨香的生活。在每一处、每一刻，基督都是过一种在祂调和著神性的人性里，彰显祂复活的生活。这就是素祭。
17If we keep this in mind as we read the Gospels, we will see what kind of person Christ was while He lived on earth. He was a person with the highest and best humanity. This humanity was “oiled,” for it was mingled with His divinity. In His human living He expressed not His sufferings but resurrection. This resurrection is the frankincense, the fragrant aroma, the sweet savor, in the universe. Nothing is as sweet, as fragrant, as this aroma of resurrection. This was Christ’s human living on earth. Even when the Lord Jesus was arrested and crucified, He lived a life of humanity mingled with divinity and expressing resurrection. A band of soldiers and deputies from the chief priests and Pharisees came to the garden seeking Jesus. Twice He asked them, “Whom are you seeking?” (John 18:4, 7), and each time they answered, “Jesus the Nazarene” (vv. 5, 7). The Lord Jesus then said to them, “If therefore you are seeking Me, let these go away” (v. 8). “These” refers to His disciples. Under the suffering of the betrayal of His false disciple and the arrest of the soldiers. He still took good care of His disciples. Here we can sense the fragrance of resurrection. When the Lord Jesus was on the cross, He took care of His mother. “Jesus, seeing His mother and the disciple whom He loved standing by, said to His mother, Woman, behold, your son. Then He said to the disciple, Behold, your mother” (John 19:26-27a). Here we again see resurrection expressed out from the Lord’s sufferings. No matter what the circumstances were, the Lord Jesus lived a life of suffering but expressing the fragrance of His resurrection. In every place and at every time, Christ lived a life in His humanity mingled with His divinity and expressing His resurrection. This is the meal offering
18燔祭是为著神的满足，成就祂的愿望。燔祭是神的食物，只有神可吃这祭。整个供物要放在祭坛上焚烧，这事实指明这祭是神所接受的。可以说，烧尽燔祭的火乃是神的『口。』燔祭是神的食物，但素祭是给我们满足的食物，只有小部分是与神分享的。
18The burnt offering is for God’s satisfaction to fulfill His desire. The burnt offering is God’s food, and only He is allowed to eat it. The fact that the entire offering is burned on the altar indicates that it is received by God. We may say that the fire which consumes the burnt offering is God’s “mouth.” Whereas the burnt offering is God’s food, the meal offering is our food for our satisfaction, with a little portion shared with God
19正确的敬拜包括燔祭和素祭。献燔祭是为著神的满足，献素祭是为著我们的满足，以及与神同享我们的满足－这才是真正的敬拜。正确的敬拜，乃是以基督作燔祭满足神，并因基督作素祭得著满足，且与神分享这满足。在真正的敬拜里，作燔祭的基督升到神那里，作素祭的基督进到我们里面。在这样的敬拜里，我们以基督满足神，且与神同享我们对基督的享受。
19Proper worship involves the burnt offering and the meal offering. To offer the burnt offering for God’s satisfaction and to offer the meal offering for our satisfaction and for sharing our satisfaction with God—this is real worship. Proper worship is a matter of satisfying God with Christ as the burnt offering, and of being satisfied with Christ as the meal offering and sharing this satisfaction with God. In real worship Christ as the burnt offering ascends to God, and Christ as the meal offering enters our being. In such worship we satisfy God with Christ, and we share with Him our enjoyment of Christ