利未记生命读经 · 第5篇

燔祭－基督作神的满足（三）

The Burnt Offering Christ for God’s Satisfaction (3)

1读经：利未记一章五至十七节。在本篇信息中，我们要来看献燔祭之法。我们要从经历的角度来看这事。

1Scripture Reading: Lev. 1:5-17 In this message we shall consider the way to offer the burnt offering. We shall view this matter from the standpoint of experience

伍献燔祭之法

V. THE WAY TO OFFER

2关于利未记一章所启示的献燔祭之法，有几个叫人困惑的点。甚中一点关系到祭司，就是事奉的人。

2Regarding the way to offer the burnt offering as revealed in Leviticus 1, there are a number of puzzling points. One of these points concerns the priests, who are serving ones

一藉著祭司

A. By the Priest

3在利未记一章，我们常读到『亚伦的子孙作祭司的。』（利一5，7，8，。）好些经节单单说到『祭司。』（利一9，12，13，15，17。）这里的祭司有三类：亚伦、亚伦的子孙、以及个别的祭司，就是挑选出来服事的祭司。希伯来书指明，亚伦乃是基督的豫表。亚伦的子孙乃是信徒的豫表。在本章里，我们看不见亚伦有甚么动作，反而在论到献燔祭时，我们看见亚伦子孙的事奉，或特别一位祭司的事奉。每当有人向神献上燔祭时，服事的祭司就给献祭者一些帮助。

3In Leviticus 1 we often read of “Aaron’s sons, the priests” (vv. 5, 7, 8, 11). A number of verses simply speak of “the priest” (vv. 9, 12, 13, 15, 17). The priests 11 here are of three classes: Aaron, the sons of Aaron, and an individual priest, a priest who is singled out for service. As the book of Hebrews indicates, Aaron is a type of Christ. Aaron’ss ons are types of the believers. In this chapter we do not see any actions performed by Aaron. Rather, here in relation to the offering of the burnt offering, we have the service of Aaron’ss on sort he service of a particular priest. Whenever someone presented a burnt offering to God, the serving priests rendered some help to the offerer.

二燔祭牲不只在大小上有分别，其献上之法也有分别

B. The Offerings Differing Not Only in Size but Also in the Way They Are Offered

4各样的燔祭牲不只在大小上有分别，其献上之法也有分别。按照利未记一章，燔祭牲可能是公牛、绵羊或山羊、斑鸠或雏鸽。我们已经指出，燔祭牲的不同大小不是指明基督本身大小不一，乃是指明我们对基督的领略、体验和鉴赏有不同程度。公牛当然不足以代表保罗对基督的领略、体验和鉴赏；而用鸽子来表征初信者的领略、体验和鉴赏，甚至也可能太大。初信者可能非常热心，但他对基督的鉴赏却非常有限。我们看过燔祭牲不同大小的意义，现在需要来看各种献燔祭之法的意义。头两类祭牲－公牛和绵羊或山羊，其献上之法是相同的。首先是杀祭牲，不是由祭司杀，乃是由献祭者杀。接著，要把祭牲剥皮并切成块子。（呈献给神的不是完整的祭牲。）祭牲被切块以后，其内脏和腿要用水洗净。这样，祭牲就豫备好来焚烧，要完全烧尽。祭牲没有一部分是神弃绝的。这是献头两类燔祭之法。

4The various kinds of burnt offerings differ not only in size but also in the way they are offered. According to Leviticus 1, the burnt offering could be a bull, a sheep or a goat, or turtledoves or young pigeons. As we have pointed out, the differences in the size of the burnt offering indicate not that Christ Himself varies in size but that our apprehension, realization, and appreciation of Christ differ in degree. Surely a bull would not be large enough to represent Paul’s apprehension, realization, and appreciation of Christ, whereas even a pigeon may be too large to signify a new believer’s apprehension, realization, and appreciation. A new believer may be very zealous, but his appreciation of Christ is nevertheless very limited. Having seen the significance of the differences in the size of the burnt offering, we now need to consider the significance of the different ways in which the burnt offerings were offered. The first two categories of offerings—a bull and a sheep or a goat—were offered in the same way. First, the offering was slain, not by the priests but by the offerer. Following this, the offering was skinned and cut into pieces. (The offering was not to be offered to God as a whole.) After the offering was cut into pieces, its inwards and its legs were washed with water. The offering was then ready to be burned, and it was burned completely. No part of it was rejected by God. This was the way to offer the first two categories of burnt offerings.

5献第三类燔祭－斑鸠和雏鸽－的方法是很不同的。对于头两类祭牲，祭司除了把祭牲的血泼在祭坛周围，并把祭牲的块子摆在火上以外，不用对祭牲作甚么。将祭牲宰杀、剥皮、切割和清洗，都是由献祭的人作的。我们可以说献祭者是『厨子，』祭司只是『侍者。』然而，对于第三类祭牲，献祭者只是将供物带到会幕，其他一切都是祭司作的。祭司将供物带到祭坛前，揪著牠的头，把牠的嗉子除掉，在牠的翅膀处把牠撕开，然后将牠放在祭坛上熏著献上。（利一14～17）这确与献头两类的祭牲不同。献头两类的祭牲时，几乎一切都不是祭司作的，乃是献祭者作的。我们需要看见，利未记一章里献燔祭之法是非常特别，特殊的。献祭的方法按照人属灵的年龄和能力而有所不同。所以，我在本篇信息里的负担是要指出，我们将基督献给神作燔祭的方法，完全在于我们对基督的领略、体验和鉴赏。就属灵一面说，献上由斑鸠或雏鸽所豫表之基督者，基督的领略、体验和鉴赏非常有限。这样的一位在属灵的生命上是幼稚的，不彀成熟。他鉴赏基督的能力并不多。相对于那些对基督没有鉴赏或体验的世人，初信者对基督已经有些鉴赏。然而，他还没有能力将他的燔祭牲宰杀、剥皮、切割并洗净。他只能将基督作为非常小的燔祭带来。

5The way to offer the third category of burnt offerings— the turtledoves and young pigeons—was very different. With the offerings in the first two categories, the priest did nothing to the offering except dash its blood on the altar and lay the pieces of the offering on the fire. The slaughtering, skinning, cutting, and washing of the offering were done by the offerer. We may say that the offerer was the “cook” and that the priests were merely “waiters.” However, with the offerings in the third category, the offerer simply brought the offering to the tent of meeting, and the priests did everything else. The priest brought the offering to the altar, nipped its head, took away its crop, tore it by the wings, and offered it up in smoke on the altar (vv. 14-17). This surely is different from the offerings in the first two categories, where nearly everything was done not by the priest but by the offerer. We need to see that in Leviticus 1 the way to offer the burnt offering is very particular and peculiar. The way of offering differs according to one’s spiritual age and spiritual ability. Therefore, my burden in this message is to point out that the way we offer Christ to God as the burnt offering depends entirely on our apprehension, realization, and appreciation of Christ. Spiritually speaking, the one who offers Christ as typified by turtledoves or pigeons has a limited apprehension, realization, and appreciation of Christ. Such a one is young in the spiritual life and therefore lacks maturity. He does not have much ability to appreciate Christ. In contrast to worldly people, who have no appreciation or realization of Christ, a new believer has begun to have some appreciation of Christ. However, he does not yet have the ability to slaughter, skin, cut, and wash his burnt offering. He can only bring Christ as a very small burnt offering

6信徒对基督的鉴赏，并向基督的献上，可能都很天然。例如，有些信徒鉴赏四福音所陈明的基督，但这种鉴赏可能是天然的。不仅如此，他们对主耶稣的爱也可能是按著他们天然的领会。这是我得救并开始爱主时的光景。我向神献上基督的方法，大多也是天然的。然而，经过了多年，我对基督的领略、体验并献上已经改变了。

6A believer’s appreciation of Christ and his offering of Christ may be quite natural. For example, some believers may appreciate Christ as He is presented in the four Gospels, but this appreciation may be natural. Furthermore, their love of the Lord Jesus may be according to their natural understanding. This was my situation after I was saved and began to love the Lord. For the most part, my way of offering Christ to God was also natural. However, through the years my apprehension, realization, appreciation, and offering of Christ have changed.

7那些献上基督作公牛的人，对基督的鉴赏很深、很细。那些献上基督作斑鸠的人，对基督就没有这样深入、细致的鉴赏。不仅如此，他们献上基督作燔祭的方法乃是天然的。旧约的祭司知道，要一只斑鸠蒙悦纳作燔祭，必须经过一个过程。祭司必须将鸟杀死，把鸟的嗉子和翎毛除掉，并撕开翅膀。把嗉子和翎毛除掉，就是除去不洁的。处理祭牲所需的一切过程，都是祭司作的。这表征献上基督作斑鸠，就是献上一位未经过献祭者处理的基督；这乃是天然的献上基督。所以，有人献上基督作斑鸠时，这祭物需要献祭者以外的人来处理。然而，献上基督作公牛或羊羔的人，乃是以经过处理的方式，不是以天然的方式来献上。

7Those who offer Christ as a bull appreciate Christ in a deep and detailed way. Those who offer Christ as a turtledove do not have such a deep and detailed appreciation of Christ. Moreover, their way of offering Christ as the burnt offering is natural. The Old Testament priests knew that in order for a turtledove to be accepted as a burnt offering, the turtledove had to pass through a process. It was necessary for the priest to kill the bird, take away its crop with its feathers, and tear its wings. The taking away of the crop and the feathers indicates the removal of what is unclean. The priest did all that was required to process the offering. This signifies that to offer Christ as a turtledove is to offer a Christ who has not been processed by the offerer; it is to offer Christ in a natural way. Therefore, when someone offers Christ as a turtledove, this offering needs to be processed by someone other than the offerer. However, the one who offers Christ as a bull or as a lamb offers Christ in a processed way, not in a natural way

8所有的供物都要在会幕前献上。会幕既豫表召会，在会幕前献燔祭，就是豫表在召会的聚会中献上基督给神。

8All the offerings were offered at the tent of meeting. Since the tent of meeting typifies the church, offering the burnt offering at the tent of meeting typifies offering Christ to God in the church meetings

9我们已经指明，信徒供物的大小，以及他的献祭之法，乃在于他属灵的成熟、度量和能力。有些圣徒可能不是以天然的方式献上基督作燔祭，他们所带来的祭牲不是完整的，乃是已经经过处理的。这样的圣徒在领略、体验并鉴赏基督的能力上成熟且丰富，他们对基督有非常深的经历。他们经历到由燔祭牲的各部分所表征的：头、脂油、心肠和腿。经历基督的头，乃是经历基督的悟性、智慧与精明。经历基督的心肠，乃是经历祂的感性、情感、感觉、思想、意志、打算和目的。这些圣徒所呈献的燔祭，是已经切为块子的祭牲。这指明他们对基督的经历是细的，并且他们向神献上基督作燔祭的方式完全不是天然的。

9As we have indicated, the size of a believer’s offering and the way he offers it depend on his spiritual maturity, capacity, and ability. Some saints may offer Christ as the burnt offering in a way that is not natural and with an offering that is not whole but processed. Such saints, who are matured and rich in the ability to apprehend, realize, and appreciate Christ, have had very deep experiences of Christ. They have experienced what is signified by the different parts of the burnt offering: the head, the fat, the inwards, and the legs. To experience Christ’s he ad is to experience His understanding, wisdom, and prudence. To experience Christ’s inwards is to experience His sensibility, affections, feelings, thoughts, will, intentions, and purposes. The burnt offering presented by these saints is an offering that has been cut into pieces. This indicates that their experience of Christ is detailed and also that their way of offering Christ to God as the burnt offering is not at all natural.

10成熟的圣徒按照基督的各部分，一点一滴，细细的经历基督。他们领悟到主耶稣曾过一种里面被那灵洁净的生活。这是利未记一章里由水所豫表的。这些圣徒也经历到基督在地上的行事为人，这种行事为人有那灵常在祂外面的接触上保守祂清洁、纯净。在他们日常的经历中，他们鉴赏基督是那位里外常被洗净的，不是因著祂不清洁，乃是为著保守祂在祂的清洁和纯净里。这是他们所领略、体验并鉴赏的基督，也是他们所献上给神的基督。献上基督作斑鸠或雏鸽的时候，必定没有成熟的信徒对基督所有能的那种鉴赏。不仅如此，他在召会聚会中献基督的方式乃是天然的。当你听到初信者或年幼的信徒祷告或见证，特别在擘饼聚会中，你可以看见他们是很天然的献上基督作两只雏鸽。一位刚得救的亲爱圣徒可能站起来说，『赞美主！我爱主耶稣！』他可能献上基督或作见证，但他是以天然的方式作的。然而，当一些别的圣徒祷告或见证时，你可以看见，他们是按照他们属灵的成熟、度量和能力，献上一位细致、经过处理的基督。

10Little by little, the matured saints experience Christ in detail according to the pieces of Christ. They have come to realize that the Lord Jesus lived a life of having His inwards purified by the Spirit. This is typified in Leviticus 1 by the water. These saints have also experienced Christ’s walk on earth, a walk in which the Spirit constantly kept Him clean and pure in His outward contacts. In their daily experience, they appreciate Christ as the One who was always being washed inwardly and outwardly, not because He was unclean but for the purpose of preserving Him in His cleanness and purity. This is the Christ they apprehend, realize, and appreciate, and this is the Christ they offer to God. A believer who offers Christ as turtledoves or pigeons certainly does not have the kind of appreciation of Christ that a mature believer has. Furthermore, his way of offering Christ in the church meetings is natural. As you listen to the prayers and testimonies of the new or young believers, especially in the Lord’stable meeting, you can realize that in a natural way they offer Christ as two young pigeons. A dear saint who has recently been saved may stand up and say, “Praise the Lord! I love the Lord Jesus!” He may offer Christ or give a testimony, but he does so in a natural way. However, when certain other saints pray or testify, you can realize that, according to their spiritual maturity, capacity, and ability, they offer a detailed, processed Christ.

11在利未记一章，那献斑鸠或雏鸽的人没有被拒绝。虽然他的供物是生的，未经处理的，却仍蒙悦纳，只是要藉著祭司的工作将祭牲处理过。祭司在祭牲身上作了工，就是将头揪掉、把翅膀撕开、把嗉子和翎毛除掉，这时祭牲就不再是天然的，乃是经过处理的了。我们应用祭司处理祭牲这事的时候，需要问一个问题：今天谁是服事的祭司？要回答这问题，我们需要看见，燔祭不是在献祭者的家里献的，乃是在会幕，就是在祭坛与祭司所在之处献的。这豫表我们献上基督作燔祭，不是在我们家里，乃是在召会的聚会中。在召会的聚会中，我们有祭坛，也有作服事之祭司的圣徒。

11In Leviticus 1, the one who offered turtledoves or pigeons was not rejected. His offering, even though raw and unprocessed, was accepted, but it was accepted through the work of the priest who processed the offering. After the priest worked on the offering, wringing off its head, tearing its wings, and removing its crop and feathers, the offering was no longer natural but processed. As we apply this matter of the processing of the offering by the priests, we need to ask a question: Who are the serving priests today? In order to answer this question, we need to realize that the burnt offering was presented not in the offerer’sho me but at the tent of meeting, where the altar and the priests were. This is a type of our offering Christ as the burnt offering not in our homes but in the church meetings. In the church meetings we have the altar, and we also have the saints as the serving priests

12在聚会中，一位年幼的信徒天然的献上基督作两只鸟，他的献上基督可能藉著其他圣徒的祷告和见证，得著处理。这位年幼信徒听到这些祷告和见证时，可能领悟他献基督的方法是天然且未经处理的；然而，有祭司为他处理了他的供物。所以，凡在召会聚会中，处理那些以天然方式所献之燔祭的圣徒，就是祭司。

12In a meeting a young believer may in a natural way offer Christ as two birds. His offering of Christ may then be processed by the prayers and testimonies of other saints. As the young believer listens to these prayers and testimonies, he may realize that his way of offering Christ was natural and unprocessed. However, some of the priests processed his offering for him. Therefore, the priests are those saints who, in the church meetings, process a burnt offering that is offered in a natural way.

13当你头次进到召会的聚会中，你献基督的方式，或藉著祷告或藉著见证，都可能相当的天然。你的确献上了出于基督的东西，但你却是以天然的方式献上。在你过召会生活的这些年间，你献基督的方式越过天然越少。现在你所献上出于基督的，主要是已经经过处理的。然而，你献基督的方式可能还是有点天然。比方说，你赞美主的恩慈，但你对主恩慈的领会可能是天然的。可以说，在利未记一章，献斑鸠或雏鸽有两个阶段－未经处理的阶段和经过处理的阶段。在头一个阶段，祭牲还是完整的，在一种天然的光景里。祭牲若还在这一阶段，就不能蒙神悦纳。祭牲若经过处理，就在第二阶段，豫备好蒙神悦纳了。我们都需要看见，燔祭不仅大小有别，献上之法也有分别。在召会生活中，年幼的人是献上非常小的基督，且是以天然、未经处理的方式献上。成熟、有经历的人不只献上较大的基督，更是完全以经过处理的方式献上。比方说，他们燔祭牲的内脏和腿是用水洗过的，指明他们经历了基督藉圣灵的能力，蒙保守得以洁净。

13When you first came into the church life, your way of offering Christ, either by a prayer or by a testimony, may have been quite natural. You did offer something of Christ, but you offered Christ in a natural way. Throughout your years in the church life, your way of offering Christ has become less and less natural. Now what you offer of Christ is mainly something that has been processed. However, your way of offering Christ may still be somewhat natural. For instance, you may praise the Lord for His kindness, but your understanding of the Lord’s kindness may be natural. We may say that in Leviticus 1 the offering of the turtledoves or pigeons was in two stages—the stage before it was processed and the stage after it has been processed. In the first stage the offering was still whole and in a natural condition. When the offering was still in this stage, it could not be accepted by God. After the offering had been processed, it was in the second stage, and it was ready to be accepted by God. We all need to see that the difference in the burnt offerings is not only in their size but also in the way they are offered. The young ones in the church life offer a Christ who is very small in size, and they offer Him in a way that is natural, in a way that is without process. The mature, experienced ones not only offer a larger Christ, but they offer Christ absolutely in a processed way. For instance, the inwards and legs of their burnt offering will be washed in water, indicating that they have experienced Christ in His being kept clean by the power of the Holy Spirit

14成熟的圣徒对基督经历得很细。他们领会祂的思想、感觉和定意。这样经历基督的人会鉴赏四福音所记载主生平的细节。在他们的经历中，基督已经被切成块子；他们对祂的鉴赏，乃是很柔细，很细致的。他们不仅外在的经历整体的基督，更是藉著将基督切成块子，进入祂的深处。我能见证，多年前我不像今天这么细的经历基督。现在我向神献上基督作燔祭时，乃是献上已经切成块子的基督。

14The mature saints experience Christ in a detailed way. They understand His thoughts, feelings, and decisions. Those who experience Christ in this way will appreciate the details concerning the Lord’s life recorded in the four Gospels. In their experience, Christ has been cut into pieces, and they appreciate Him in a fine, detailed way. They do not merely experience Christ as a whole in an outward way; they enter, through their cutting Christ into pieces, into the depths of His being. I can testify that many years ago I did not experience Christ in such detail as I experience Him today. Now when I offer Christ to God as a burnt offering, I offer a Christ who has been cut into pieces

15那些天然的献上献上基督作鸟的人，需要较老练的圣徒作祭司，帮助处理他们的供物。不过，较老练的圣徒处理年幼圣徒所献的供物，可能会得罪这位圣徒。他可能因著别人把他供物的头揪掉，并除去嗉子和翎毛，因而感到困扰。在聚会中，一位年幼弟兄见证主的温柔说，主总是温柔的。之后，一位有经历的弟兄引证主洁净殿并责备法利赛人的事例，指出有时候主耶稣并不温柔。当年幼的弟兄听到这个，可能觉得老练的弟兄把他供物的头揪掉；他所呈献的这供物，乃是整个的，是未经处理的。我要请多年在召会生活中的人，回想你们在召会聚会中献基督的经历。你们所献的祷告和见证，岂不是有许多经过祭司的处理么？也许你的供物大多都被『撕开』了。有时你可能说，『我绝不再那样献祭了。』但是至终，你不仅成为献祭者，更成了帮助别的圣徒处理供物的祭司。

15Those who offer Christ in a natural way as birds need the older saints to be the priests to help them to process their offering. However, if the older saints process the offering presented by a young saint, he may be offended. He may be troubled by their wringing off the head of his offering and removing its crop and feathers. In a meeting a young brother may testify of the Lord’s gentleness, saying that He is always gentle. Later, an experienced brother may cite the cases of the Lord’s cleansing the temple and His rebuking the Pharisees and point out that sometimes the Lord Jesus is not gentle. When the young brother hears this, he may feel that the experienced brother has wrung off the head of his offering, an offering which he had presented whole and unprocessed. I would ask those who have been in the church life for many years to recall their experience of offering Christ in the church meetings. Has not much of what you have offered in prayer and testimony been processed by the priests? Perhaps the greater part of your offerings have been “torn.” At times you might have said, “I will never offer something in that way again.” Eventually, you became not only an offerer but also a priest helping to process the offerings of other saints

16利未记一章的燔祭不是表征基督本身的大小。甚至一只公牛也不足以豫表基督实在的大小。没有人，包括保罗在内，能体验基督完满的体积。所以，我们所献上作燔祭的基督，只是我们所领略、体验并鉴赏的基督。我们传福音并教导人的时候，可能是以天然的方式来陈明基督。比方说，在基督徒的聚会中，有人传扬基督，但这传扬可能完全是按照天然的领会来陈明。因此，所陈明的基督并不是基督实际的所是，乃是陈明基督的人对祂的领会。在我早年尽职的时候，我对基督的陈明大多是天然的。那时我不像今天这样的认识基督。但现在，靠著主的怜悯，在我的教导和传扬里，对基督的陈明就不再那么天然了。

16The burnt offerings in Leviticus 1 do not signify Christ’ss i zein Himself. Not even a bull is an adequate type of the actual size of Christ. No one, including Paul, is able to realize Christ in His full size. Therefore, what we offer of Christ as the burnt offering is only what we have apprehended, realized, and appreciated of Christ. In our preaching and teaching we may present Christ in a natural way. For instance, someone in a Christian meeting may preach Christ, but this preaching may be almost entirely natural, for the one preaching presents Christ according to his natural understanding. The Christ thus presented is not Christ as He actually is but Christ as understood by the one presenting Him. In the early years of my ministry, my presentation of Christ was natural to a great degree. At that time I did not know Christ as I know Him today. Now, by the Lord’s mercy, the presentation of Christ in my teaching and preaching is no longer very much in a natural way

17我在这里要说的是，我们献上基督作燔祭的方式，乃是按照我们对基督的体验、领略、鉴赏和经历。当我们对基督的体验、领略、鉴赏和经历增进了，我们献基督的方式也就改进了。至终在我们献基督的方式里，一切天然的东西，特别是天然的观念，都受到了对付。当我们还是献基督作两只鸟的时候，我们需要老练的圣徒处理我们的供物。但我们变得老练、成熟以后，就不再需要这种从服事的祭司所来的帮助。愿我们都进入基督的深处，且深入、柔细、细致的经历祂！

17My point here is that the way we offer Christ as the burnt offering is according to our realization, apprehension, appreciation, and experience of Christ. As our realization, apprehension, appreciation, and experience of Christ improve, our way of offering Christ will also improve. Eventually, anything natural, especially any natural concepts, in our way of offering Christ will be dealt with. If we are still offering Christ as two birds, we will need the experienced saints to process our offering. But after we become experienced and matured, we will no longer need this kind of help from the serving priests. May we all enter into the depths of Christ’s being and experience Him in a deep, fine, and detailed way!

18我们若献上基督作公牛或羊羔，并且将这燔祭牲宰杀、剥皮、切块，又洗净牠的内脏和腿，这就指明我们鉴赏基督并经历祂，不是笼统的，乃是细致的。这样，烧在祭坛上的就成为蒙神悦纳的甜美香气。这就是使神得满足的那种燔祭。

18If we offer Christ as a bull or a lamb and if we slaughter this burnt offering, skin it, cut it into pieces, and wash its inwards and its legs, this will indicate that we appreciate Christ and experience Him not merely as a whole but in a detailed way. Then what is burned on the altar will be accepted by God as a sweet incense. This is the kind of burnt offering that satisfies God