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那鸿书生命读经 · 第1篇

读经：那鸿书一至三章。

Scripture Reading: Nahum 1—3
耶和华对尼尼微的审判
Jehovah’s judgment on Nineveh
1那鸿书与约拿书相反。这两卷书都是对付尼尼微城，但约拿书是把神的救恩带到、延伸到这座罪恶的城，那鸿书却是把神的审判带到尼尼微。约拿书启示，神在祂的救恩里乃是地上万民的神，不只是犹太人的神，也是外邦人的神。那鸿书启示，神也是在祂的审判上作万民的神。因此，在审判上并在救恩上，神都是万民的神。
1The book of Nahum is the opposite of the book of Jonah. Both books deal with the city of Nineveh, but whereas Jonah brought, or extended, God’ss alvation to that sinful city, Nahum brought God’s judgment upon Nineveh. Jonah reveals that God in His salvation is the God of all the peoples of the earth, not only of the Jews but also of the Gentiles. Nahum reveals that God is also the God of all peoples in His judgment. Thus, God is the God of all peoples both in judgment and in salvation
2那鸿书告诉我们，神为甚么要审判一座城。在这卷书里我们看见神审判尼尼微的事实和原因。神把祂的救恩延伸到尼尼微，但尼尼微还是非常邪恶，并且侵略了以色列。
2The book of Nahum shows us why God judges a city. In this book we see both the fact and the cause of God’s judgment on Nineveh. God extended His salvation to Nineveh, but Nineveh was sinful and invaded Israel
壹 介言
I. THE INTRODUCTORY WORD
3一章一节给我们看见这卷书的介言。
3In Nahum 1:1 we have the introductory word
一 那鸿名字的意义
A. The Meaning of the Name Nahum
4那鸿，原文意为『安慰』和『报复』，表征耶和华神安慰祂的选民以色列，并向以色列的仇敌尼尼微报复。
4In Hebrew Nahum means “comfort” and “avenge,” signifying that Jehovah God comforts His elect, Israel, and avenges Israel of her enemy, Nineveh
二 那鸿尽职的时间
B. The Time of Nahum’s Ministry
5那鸿尽职的时间约在主前七一三年，就是亚述王西拿基立侵略以色列的那一年。
5The time of Nahum’s ministry was about 713 B.C. That was the year in which Sennacherib, the Assyrian king, invaded Israel
三 他尽职的地方
C. The Place of His Ministry
6他尽职的地方是南方犹大国。历史告诉我们，那鸿生长于加利利靠近迦百农的一座城，名叫伊勒歌斯。迦百农意为『那鸿之城』，指明这城与那鸿很有关系。虽然那鸿是北方人，他尽职的地方却是在南方。
6The place of Nahum’s ministry was the southern kingdom of Judah. History tells us that Nahum grew up in Galilee, in a town called Elkosha, which is near Capernaum. The name Capernaum may mean “the city of Nahum,” indicating that it had much to do with Nahum. Although Nahum was a northerner, the place of his ministry was in the south
四 他尽职的对象
D. The Object of His Ministry
7那鸿尽职的对象是尼尼微大城。巴别城和尼尼微城都是宁录建造的，（创十8～11，）后来成了巴比伦国和亚述国的京城。宁录是敌基督的第一个豫表，他是第一个反对神的；这两个国家都是人类反对神有力的表征。事实上，亚述是头一个到以色列来，残害以色列的国家；亚述在主前七一三年侵略以色列，（王下十八13～十九37，）比巴比伦在主前六○六年的入侵早一百多年。
7The object of Nahum’s ministry was the great city of Nineveh. The cities of Babel and Nineveh were built by Nimrod (Gen. 10:8-11) and became the capitals of the nations of Babylon and Assyria. Nimrod, the first type of Antichrist, was the first to oppose God, and both of these nations were strong figures of mankind in their opposing of God. Actually, Assyria was the first nation to come and devastate Israel, invading Israel in 713 B.C. (2 Kings 18:13—19:37), more than one hundred years before the Babylonian invasion in 606 B.C.
五 主题
E. The Subject
8那鸿书的主题乃是：耶和华对邪恶亚述之京城尼尼微的审判。
8The subject of the book of Nahum is Jehovah’s judgment on Nineveh as the capital of the evil Assyria
六 中心思想
F. The Central Thought
9那鸿书的中心思想乃是：耶和华审判亚述，向以色列的仇敌报复，以复兴以色列，使她得安慰。
9The central thought of Nahum is that Jehovah judged Assyria, avenging Israel of her enemy to restore her for her comfort
七 分段
G. The Sections
10那鸿书可分为三段：介言，（一1，）耶和华是威严的审判者，（一2～，）以及耶和华对尼尼微的审判。（一8～三19。）
10The book of Nahum has three sections: the introductory word (1:1); Jehovah as the majestic Judge (1:2-7); and Jehovah’s judgment on Nineveh7 (1:8—3:19).
贰 耶和华是威严的审判者
II. JEHOVAH AS THE MAJESTIC JUDGE
11一章二至七节启示耶和华是威严的审判者。我们首先看见耶和华是审判者，然后看见耶和华这审判者的威严。
11In 1:2-7 Jehovah is revealed as the majestic Judge. First, we see that Jehovah is the Judge and then we see the majesty of Jehovah as the Judge
一 耶和华是审判者
A. Jehovah as the Judge
12作为审判者，耶和华是忌邪施报的神；耶和华施报，满有忿怒；耶和华向祂的敌人施报，向祂的仇敌怀怒。（2。）耶和华不轻易发怒，大有能力，万不以有罪的为无罪。（3。）在七节申言者宣告说，『耶和华本为善，在艰难的日子为人的保障；祂认得那些避难在祂里面的人。』
12As the Judge, Jehovah is a jealous God and One who avenges. He avenges and is full of wrath; He takes vengeance on His adversaries; and He reserves wrath for His enemies (v. 2). He is slow to anger and great in power, and He will by no means clear the guilty (v. 3). In verse 7 the prophet declares, “Jehovah is good, / A stronghold in a day of distress; / And He knows those who take refuge in Him
二 耶和华这审判者的威严
B. The Majesty of Jehovah as the Judge
13四至六节说到耶和华这审判者的威严：祂斥责海，使海干了，使一切江河干涸。大山因祂震动，大地在祂面前突起。（4～5。）因此，申言者说，『在祂忿怒之前，谁能立得住呢？祂发烈怒，谁能当得起呢？祂的忿怒如火倾倒，磐石因祂崩裂。』（6。）
13Verses 4 through 6 speak of the majesty of Jehovah as the Judge. He rebukes the sea and makes it dry; He dries up all the rivers; the mountains quake because of Him; and the earth is heaved up at His presence (vv. 4-5). Hence, the prophet asks, “Who can stand before His indignation, / And who can maintain himself in the fierceness of His anger? / His wrath is poured out like fire, / And the rocks are broken down by Him” (v. 6
参 耶和华对尼尼微的审判
III. JEHOVAH’S JUDGMENT ON NINEVEH
14那鸿书其余的部分（一8～三19）是说到耶和华对尼尼微的审判。这里详尽的描绘出耶和华对这邪恶之
14The remainder of the book of Nahum (1:8 — 3:19) speaks of Jehovah’s judgment on Nineveh. Here Jehovah’s judgment on this evil city is fully portrayed.
15城的审判。
15
一 关于尼尼微被玛代人和巴比伦人毁灭的判决
A. The Verdict concerning Nineveh’s Destruction by the Medes and Babylonians
16首先，这位审判者宣布祂的判决，就是尼尼微要在主前六一二年被玛代人和巴比伦人毁灭。（一8～12上，。）八节说，当时候来到，祂必以涨溢的洪水灭绝尼尼微。二章给我们看见这个洪水。尼尼微城是建造在底格里斯河上，完全被水包围；这是尼尼微城的保护。然后在主前六一二年，玛代人和巴比伦人一同来攻击尼尼微；他们找出一个方法，把河闸打开，尼尼微城就被洪水冲没。（二6。）
16First, the Judge pronounces His verdict concerning Nineveh’s destruction by the Medes and Babylonians in 612 B.C. (1:8-12a, 14). Verse 8 says that when the time comes, God would use an overflowing flood 14 to make a full end of her place. Chapter two shows us this flood. Nineveh was built on the Tigris River and was completely surrounded by water. This was a protection to Nineveh. Then in 612 B.C. the Medes and the Babylonians came together to attack Nineveh, and they found a way to open the gates of the river and they flooded the city (2:6).
二 对犹大安慰的应许
B. The Promise of Comfort to Judah
17在一章十二节下半至十三节和十五节，我们看见耶和华对犹大安慰的应许。在十三节耶和华说，『现在我必从你颈项上折断他的轭，扭开你的绑索。』他的轭是指亚述王西拿基立加在以色列身上的轭。首先，亚述人来蹂躏以色列；然后神用尼布甲尼撒所带领的巴比伦人来击败亚述人，这就成了对以色列的一种拯救。
17In 1:12b-13, 15 we see Jehovah’s promise of comfort to Judah. In verse 13 He says, “Now I will break his yoke from off you / And will snap your bonds asunder.” “His yoke” refers to the yoke which Sennacherib, the king of Assyria, had placed on Israel. First, the Assyrians came to devastate Israel. Then God used Babylon under Nebuchadnezzar to defeat the Assyrians, and this became a kind of deliverance to Israel
18十五节上半说，『看哪，报喜信传平安之人的脚登山。』这是指传报亚述被巴比伦击败的喜信，这对以色列是安慰的话。
18Verse 15a goes on to say, “Behold, upon the mountains / The feet of him who bears the glad news, / Who announces peace!” This refers to the announcement of Assyria’s defeat by the Babylonians and was a word of comfort to Israel
三 尼尼微被毁灭的异象
C. A Vision of the Destruction of Nineveh
19那鸿书二章一至十三节陈明了尼尼微被毁灭的异象。
19Nahum 2:1-13 presents a vision of the destruction of Nineveh
１ 巴比伦军队快速的行动，毁灭尼尼微
1. The Swift Activity of the Babylonian Armies to Destroy Nineveh
20一至四节形容巴比伦军队毁灭尼尼微之快速的行动。巴比伦人乃是为这目的被神使用。因此三节说，『祂勇士的盾牌是红的，精兵都穿朱红衣服。在祂豫备争战的日子，战车上的钢铁闪烁如火，枪矛抡动。』
20Verses 1 through 4 describe the swift activity of the Babylonian armies to destroy Nineveh. The Babylonians were used by God for this purpose. Thus, verse 3 says, “The shield of His mighty men is red; / The valiant men are clad in scarlet; / The chariots flash with the shining of steel / In the day of His preparation, / And the spears are brandished
21２亚述王和他的王后
212. The Way of the King of Assyria and His Queen
面对巴比伦攻击的情形
to encounter the Babylonian attack
22五至七节说到亚述王和他的王后面对巴比伦攻击的情形。３巴比伦军队抢夺财富，
22Verses 5 through 7 speak of the way of the king of Assyria and his queen to encounter the Babylonian attack. 3. The Babylonian Armies’ Plunder of the Wealth
并杀害尼尼微人
and Their Slaughter of the People of Nineveh
23八至十三节记述巴比伦军队抢夺尼尼微人的财富，并杀害尼尼微人。
23Verses 8 through 13 record the Babylonian armies’ plunder of the wealth of the people of Nineveh and their slaughter of the people
４ 为著恢复以色列的佳美
4. The Restoration of the Excellency of Israel
24『耶和华恢复雅各的佳美，好像以色列的佳美一样。』（2上。）这指明尼尼微的毁灭是为著恢复以色列的佳美。神使用巴比伦人和玛代人侵略亚述，藉此拯救以色列脱离亚述人的暴政。
24For Jehovah restores / The excellency of Jacob / As the excellency of Israel” (v. 2a). This indicates that the destruction of Nineveh is for the restoration of the excellency of Israel. God used the Babylonians with the Medes to invade Assyria and thereby to save Israel from the tyranny of the Assyrians
四 尼尼微人被蹂躏
D. The Devastation of the People of Nineveh
25在三章开始，那鸿论到尼尼微：『祸哉，这流人血的城，充满谎言和强暴！抢夺的事，总不止息。』（1。）这一章继续详细的形容尼尼微人被蹂躏的情形。（2～17。）十七节题到蝗虫，这是很有意义的：『你的首领如同蝗虫，你的官长彷佛成群的蝗虫，天凉的时候落在篱笆上，日头一出便都飞去，不知落在何处。』这指明亚述人也是蹂躏以色列的蝗虫。这些亚述蝗虫最后被巴比伦蝗虫击败。
25At the very beginning of chapter three, Nahum, speaking about Nineveh, says, “Woe to the bloody city! / She is all full of lies and pillage; / The prey does not depart” (v. 1). The chapter goes on to describe in detail the devastation of the people of Nineveh (vv. 2-17). Significantly, verse 17 mentions locusts. “Your princes are like the locust swarm, / And your officials are like hordes of locusts, / Which camp in the hedges / On a cold day, / But when the sun arises, they flee away, / And the place where they are is unknown.” This indicates that the Assyrians also were locusts devastating Israel. These Assyrian locusts were eventually defeated by the Babylonian locusts
五 亚述王凄惨的结局
E. The Miserable End of the King of Assyria
26那鸿的豫言，结束在论到亚述王凄惨结局的话。（18～19。）
26Nahum concludes his prophecy with a word concerning the miserable end of the king of Assyria (vv. 18-19
27那鸿书主要的点乃是：当神惩治以色列并惩罚列国时，祂总是尽所能的保守以色列，好为著基督的显现。神奇妙的保守行动是藉著蝗虫完成的。神用一种蝗虫对付另一种蝗虫，为要保守以色列。神保守以色列，其目的是要带进基督。虽然这卷书没有直接说到基督，也没有指向基督，但目标仍是基督的显现。神保守以色列，目的就是要使基督有一管道－蒙保守存留下来的以色列－能被带进来。关于这一点，所有的小申言者书都可视为一卷书，而那鸿书乃是这一串启示中的一个小环节。因此，我们再次看见，按照小申言者书，神惩治以色列并惩罚列国，目的乃是为著基督的显现。
27The main point of the book of Nahum is that while God was chastising Israel and punishing the nations, He always did what was necessary to preserve Israel for the purpose of manifesting Christ. God’s wonderful preserving act was carried out by the locusts. God used one kind of locust to deal with another kind of locust in order to preserve Israel. God’s purpose in preserving Israel is to bring forth Christ. Although this book does not say anything about Christ directly and does not refer to Christ, the goal is still the manifestation of Christ. The preserving of Israel is for the purpose that Christ might have a channel—the reserved and preserved Israel—through which to be brought forth. Regarding this, all the minor prophets are one, and the book of Nahum is just one small link on the chain of their revelation. Thus, once again we see that, according to the minor prophets, God’s chastising of Israel and His punishing of the nations are for the manifestation of Christ.