马可福音生命读经 · 第37篇

奴仆救主为著祂救赎服事豫备（四）

The Preparation of the Slave-Savior for His Redemptive Service (4

1读经：马可福音12:18-44。奴仆救主是在逾越节筵席之前的日子受试验和察验的。（可十一27～十二44。）各地的犹太人来到耶路撒冷过这节。主洁净圣殿引起百姓的注意。首先，祭司长、经学家和长老来到主耶稣跟前，查问祂的权柄。（十一27～33。）祭司长、经学家、与长老被祂驳倒后，法利赛人与希律党人想法子要就著祂的话陷害祂。（十二13～17。）然而，他们也被奴仆救主驳倒了。

1Scripture Reading: Mark 12:18-44 The testing and examining of the Slave-Savior (11:27— 12:44) took place during the days immediately before the feast of the Passover. Jews from many different places had come to Jerusalem for this feast. The Lord’s cleansing of the temple aroused the attention of the people. First, the chief priests, scribes, and elders came to the Lord Jesus with a question concerning His authority (11:27-33). After the chief priests, scribes, and elders were defeated by Him, the Pharisees and Herodians tried to catch Him in His speech (12:13-17). However, they also were defeated by the Slave-Savior

2撒都该人与复活在十二章十八至二十七节，撒都该人来到主耶稣跟前。撒都该人是犹太人中间的一个教派，（徒五17，）他们不相信复活，也不相信有天使和灵。（二三8。）施浸者约翰和主耶稣，都斥责法利赛人和撒都该人为毒蛇之种。（太三7，十二34，二三33。）主警告门徒，要提防他们的教训。（十六6，12。）法利赛人可视为正统派，撒都该人乃是古代的摩登派。

2THE SADDUCEES AND THE RESURRECTION In 12:18-27 the Sadducees came to the Lord Jesus. The Sadducees were a sect among the Jews (Acts 5:17). They did not believe in the resurrection, nor in angels, nor in spirits (Acts 23:8). Both the Pharisees and the Sadducees were denounced by John the Baptist and the Lord Jesus as a brood of vipers (Matt. 3:7; 12:34; 23:33). The Lord warned His disciples against their doctrines (Matt. 16:6, 12). While the Pharisees were supposed to be orthodox, the Sadducees may be considered ancient modernists

3在马可十二章十八至二十七节，撒都该人以为他们可以在复活的事上打败主耶稣。他们问祂说，『夫子，摩西为我们写著说，人的哥哥若死了，撇下妻子，没有留下孩子，他兄弟当娶他的妻子，为哥哥立后。有兄弟七人，第一个娶了妻，死了，没有留下后裔；第二个娶了她，也死了，没有留下后裔；第三个也是这样；那七个人都没有留下后裔。末了，那妇人也死了。在复活的时候，他们都复活了，那时她是那一个的妻子？因为他们七个都娶过她。』（19～23。）撒都该人以为他们向主发出这个问题非常聪明。主耶稣对他们说，『你们错了，岂不是因为不明白圣经，也不晓得神的大能么？』（24。）明白圣经是一回事，晓得神的大能是另一回事。二者我们都需要。这里的『圣经』是指旧约关于复活的经文，『神的大能』是指复活的大能。

3In Mark 12:18-27 the Sadducees thought that they could defeat the Lord Jesus regarding the matter of resurrection. They questioned Him, saying, “Teacher, Moses wrote to us that if anyone’s brother should die and leave behind a wife, and leave no child, his brother should take the wife and raise up seed to his brother. There were seven brothers; and the first took a wife, and dying, left no seed; and the second took her, and died, leaving behind no seed; and the third similarly; and the seven left no seed. Last of all the woman also died. In the resurrection, when they rise, which one’s wife will she be, for the seven had her as wife?” (vv. 19-23). The Sadducees thought that they were very clever in asking the Lord such a question. The Lord Jesus said to them, “Are you not deceived because of this — not knowing the Scriptures, nor the power of God?” (v. 24). Knowing the Scriptures is one thing, and knowing the power of God is another. We need to know both. Here “the Scriptures” refer to the verses of the Old Testament concerning resurrection, and “the power of God” refers to the power of resurrection.

4主接著指出在复活里没有嫁娶：『人从死人中复活的时候，也不娶也不嫁，乃像诸天之上的使者一样。』（25。）但是主耶稣不停在这里；祂继续说，『关于死人复活，神在摩西书中荆棘篇上怎样对他说，『我是亚伯拉罕的神，以撒的神，雅各的神，』你们没有念过么？神不是死人的神，乃是活人的神。你们是大错了。』（26～27。）神既是活人的神，且称为亚伯拉罕、以撒、雅各的神，因此，死了的亚伯拉罕、以撒、雅各必要复活。这是主耶稣解经的方法，不是单凭字句，乃是凭字句中所含的生命和大能。主耶稣在二十六节对撒都该人所说的话，其实就是指著祂自己说的；因为祂是耶和华的使者，是出埃及三章向摩西说话的那一位。主在此似乎说，『我是对摩西说话的那一位。我是你们的神，是那在荆棘里向摩西说话的使者。不仅如此，耶和华是亚伯拉罕、以撒和雅各的神。他们若不复活，神怎能称为他们的神？祂绝不会是死人的神，祂乃是活人的神。因此，这个名称指明复活。』

4The Lord went on to say that in the resurrection there will not be any marriage: “For when they rise from the dead, they neither marry nor are given in marriage, but are as angels in the heavens” (v. 25). The Lord Jesus, however, did not stop here. He continued by saying, “But concerning the dead, that they are raised, did you not read in the book of Moses, at the bush, how God spoke to him, saying, I am the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob? He is not the God of the dead, but of the living. You are greatly deceived” (vv. 26-27). Since God is the God of the living and is called the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, therefore these three who had died, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, will be resurrected. This is the way the Lord Jesus expounded the Scriptures—not only by the letter, but by the life and power implied within them. In His word to the Sadducees in verse 26, the Lord Jesus was actually referring to Himself, for He, as the Angel of Jehovah, was the One who spoke to Moses in Exodus 3. Here the Lord seems to be saying, “I was the One speaking to Moses. I, your God, was the Angel who spoke to him from within the bush. Furthermore, Jehovah is the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. If they will not be resurrected, how could God be called their God? He would never be known as the God of the dead—He is the God of the living. Therefore, this title indicates resurrection

从主得著光

RECEIVING LIGHT FROM THE LORD

5我们不该认为要明白圣经，只需懂圣经的原文－希伯来文和希腊文－就彀了。古时的经学家懂得旧约的希伯来原文。他们虽有语文的知识，却没有光。相反的，主耶稣有神圣的光。因这缘故，祂能指出复活的事含示在神是『亚伯拉罕、以撒、雅各的神』这个名称里。若没有神圣的光，没有人能看见这神圣的名称与复活有关。

5We should not think that to understand the Bible it is sufficient to know the original languages of the Bible, Hebrew and Greek. The ancient scribes knew the Old Testament in Hebrew. But although they had the knowledge of the language, they did not have any light. The Lord Jesus, on the contrary, had the divine light. For this reason, He was able to point out how the matter of resurrection is implied in the title of God as the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob. Without divine light, no one would be able to see that this divine title involves resurrection

6我鼓励圣徒们学习希伯来文和希腊文。但你可能拥有希伯来文或希腊文的博士学位，却仍旧眼瞎。你需要从神来的光。你要得著光，就不该信靠圣经语文的知识，或信靠大教师的解经；你需要跪在主面前，向祂敞开。你也许需要说，『主耶稣，我虽然懂得希伯来文与希腊文，但是没有你，我就不能看见光。主阿，我需要你的光照。你的光不是从我的研究、分析来的；主阿，光乃是靠你的怜悯而来的。哦；主，我何等需要从你得著光。』

6I encourage the saints to learn Hebrew and Greek. But you may have a doctoral degree in Hebrew or Greek and still be blind. You need light from God. In order to receive light, you should not trust in your knowledge of biblical languages or in the expositions of the great teachers, but you need to kneel down before the Lord and open to Him. You may need to say, “Lord Jesus, although I know Hebrew and Greek, without You I cannot see any light. Lord, I need Your enlightenment. Light does not come from my study or analysis. Light comes, Lord, through Your mercy. O Lord, how I need to receive light from You.”

7我们若不从主得著光，我们也许把马可福音读了许多遍，却一无所见。我们需要本书所包含的异象『播送』到我们里面。我能作见证，靠著主的怜悯，我已经看见这卷书的异象。有时，正当我说话的时候，光就来了。譬如，我释放前面一篇信息的时候，看见了这个比较：为著旧造有六天，为著豫备新造也有六天。这种光不是从懂得圣经语文或解经家的著作来的；而是我们向主敞开，靠著祂的怜悯，从祂来的。

7If we do not receive light from the Lord, we may read the Gospel of Mark again and again without seeing anything. We need the visions contained in this book to be “telecast” into our being. I can testify that, by the Lord’s mercy, I have seen the visions in this book. Sometimes the light comes while I am speaking. For example, it was during the course of one of the messages that I saw the comparison of the six days for the old creation with the six days of preparation for the new creation. Such light does not come from knowing the biblical languages or the writings of expositors. It comes from the Lord through His mercy as we open ourselves to Him

受一经学家查问

QUESTIONED BY A SCRIBE

8在马可十二章二十八至三十四节，奴仆救主被一个经学家查问。马太二十二章三十五节称这经学家为律法师。经学家是个含意较广的辞，包括律法师在内；律法师乃是研究摩西律法的学者，精通摩西的律法，

8In 12:28-34 the Slave-Savior was questioned by a scribe. In Matthew 22:35 this one is called a lawyer. “Scribe” is a wider term that includes the lawyers, who were Mosaic jurists. The lawyers were versed in the law of Moses; they were professional interpreters of the law of the Old Testament

9也是解释旧约律法的专家。

10这个经学家精通律法，因此大胆的来到主耶稣跟前。经学家知道主已经驳倒了那些与祂争辩的人，就问祂说，『诫命中那一条是第一？』（可十二28。）主回答说，『第一是，『以色列阿，你要听，主我们的神，是独一的主。你要全心、全魂、全心思并全力，爱主29-你的神。』』（29～30。）这样的爱主就是尽我们全人的每一部分，以我们的灵、魂、体来爱祂。

10This scribe, who knew the law in a thorough way, boldly came to the Lord Jesus. Knowing that He had answered well those who were disputing with Him, the scribe asked the Lord, “Which is the first commandment of all?” (v. 28). The Lord answered, “The first is, Hear, Israel: the Lord our God is one Lord; and you shall love the Lord your God from your whole heart, and from your whole soul, and from your whole mind, and from your whole strength” (vv. 30). To love the Lord in this way is to love Him with every part of our being, with our spirit, soul, and body.

11主在三十一节继续回答说，『其次，『要爱邻舍如同自己。』再没有别的诫命比这两条更大的了。』这两条诫命都说到爱，或是爱神，或是爱人。爱是神诫命的精意。因此，最大的诫命完全是爱的事，爱神且爱人。跟从主之人所得的印象

11In verse 31 the Lord continued His answer: “The second is this, You shall love your neighbor as yourself. There is no other commandment greater than these.” These two commandments are both a matter of love, either loving God or loving man. Love is the spirit of God’s commandments. The greatest commandments, therefore, are altogether a matter of love, a love toward God and toward man. THE IMPRESSION MADE ON THE LORD’S FOLLOWERS

12三十四节结束在：『于是再没有人敢问祂甚么。』主耶稣答覆了所有的问题，得了全胜。没有疑问，彼得、约翰、雅各、和所有其他紧紧跟从主耶稣的人，都看见这样的对话；他们对于主的应对，留下深刻的印象。你不信他们对主回答反对者的问题，对于祂经过狡猾的试验与察验，留下深刻的印象么？跟从主的人必定对祂留下深刻的印象。

12Verse 34 ends like this: “And no one dared to question Him anymore.” The Lord Jesus answered all the questions and gained a full victory. No doubt, Peter, John, James, and all the other close followers of the Lord Jesus saw these confrontations and were impressed with the way the Lord handled them. Do you not believe that they were deeply impressed with how the Lord answered the questions raised by the opposers, with how He passed through an insidious test and examination? Certainly, the Lord’s followers must have been very impressed with Him.

合格作逾越节的羊羔

QUALIFIED TO BE THE PASSOVER LAMB

13照豫表，逾越节的羊羔被宰以前，要受察验四天。（出十二3～6。）奴仆救主是真逾越节的羊羔，（林前五7，）在受死前也受察验四天。祂在逾越节前六日到了伯大尼，（约十二1，可十一1，）次日进入耶路撒冷，又回到伯大尼。（约十二12，可十一。）第三日祂又来到耶路撒冷，（十一～15，）开始按著犹太律法，受犹19-太首领察验；（十一27～十二37，十四53～65，约十八13，19～24；）也按著罗马法律，受罗马总督彼拉多察验，（约十八28～十九6，）直到逾越节那天被钉十字架。（可十四12，约十八28。）这狡猾、诡诈的察验，从许多角度而来，恰好进行四天，而祂全通过了，证明祂完全彀格作神所要求的羊羔，完成神的救赎，使神能越过罪人，即犹太人和外邦人。我们将看见，在神的主宰之下，奴仆救主不仅像羊在剪毛的人面前，受犹14:53-太首领的审判，（赛五三7，可十四～65，）也像罪犯在告祂的人面前，受罗马总督的审判，（十四64，十五1～15，）使祂因此受死，用祂的生命作赎价服事罪人。（十45。）祂不仅为犹太首领所代表的犹太人死，也为罗马总督所代表的外邦人死。

13In type, the Passover lamb was examined for four days before it was killed (Exo. 12:3-6). The Slave-Savior, as the real Passover Lamb (1 Cor. 5:7), was also examined for four days before He was killed. He came to Bethany six days before the Passover (John 12:1; Mark 11:1). The next day He came into Jerusalem and went back to Bethany (John 12:12; Mark 11:11). The third day He came to Jerusalem again (11:12-15) and began to be 11 examined by the leaders of the Jews, according to the 12 Jewish law (11:27 —12:37; 14:5 3-65; John 18:13, 24), and by Pilate, the Roman governor, according to the Roman law (John 18:28—19:6), until the Passover day when He was crucified (Mark 14:12; John 18:28). This insidious and ensnaring examination from many angles took exactly four days, and the Lord Jesus fully passed through every test. This proved that He was fully qualified to be the Lamb required by God for the accomplishment of His redemption so that God may pass over sinners, both Jews and Gentiles. As we shall see, under God’s sovereignty, the Slave- Savior was judged not only by the Jewish leaders as a sheep before the shearer (Isa. 53:7; Mark 65), but also by the Roman governor, as a criminal 53 before the accusers (14:64; 15:1-15), that He might die to serve sinners with His life as a ransom (10:45). He died not only for the Jews, represented by the Jewish leaders, but also for the Gentiles, represented by the Roman governor.

一个关于基督的问题

A QUESTION CONCERNING CHRIST

14马可十二章三十五节说，『耶稣在殿里施教，说，经学家怎么说，基督是大卫的子孙？』主在好几件事上受查问，但祂在这里向试验、察验祂的人题出一个关于基督的问题。在犹太教的中心耶路撒冷，奴仆救主在这几天被祭司长、长老、经学家、法利赛人、希律党人，和撒都该人所包围。他们竭力用难解、诡诈的问题陷害祂。首先，代表犹太宗教权柄的祭司长、经学家，和代表犹太人权柄的长老，问祂关于权柄的问题。（十一27～33，）这是根据他们宗教的观念而有的问题。其次，基要派的法利赛人和热心政治的希律党人，问祂关于政治的问题。（十二13～17。）第三，摩登派的撒都该人，问祂关于基本信仰的问题，特别是关于复活的问题。第四，一个经学家，一个律法师，问祂关于解经的问题。

14Mark 12:35 says, “And Jesus, teaching in the temple, answered and said, How is it that the scribes say that the Christ is the son of David?” The Lord had been questioned about a number of different things. But here He asked His testers and examiners a question concerning Christ. During these days in Jerusalem, the center of Judaism, the Slave - Savior had been surrounded by the chief priests, elders, scribes, Pharisees, Herodians, and Sadducees, who endeavored to ensnare Him by asking puzzling and insidious questions. First, the chief priests, scribes, and elders, representing the authority of the Jewish religion and the Jewish people, asked Him concerning His authority (11:27-33). This was a question according to their religious concept. Second, the fundamental Pharisees and the political Herodians asked Him a question related to politics (12:13-17). Third, the modernistic Sadducees questioned Him concerning fundamental belief, in particular concerning belief in resurrection. Fourth, a scribe, a lawyer, asked Him a question related to the interpretation of the Bible.

15主用智慧回答了他们一切的问题后，就问他们一个关于基督的问题。这是问中之问。他们的问题牵涉到宗教、政治、信仰和解经；祂的问题乃是关于基督，祂是一切属灵、神圣事物的中心。他们懂得宗教、政治、信仰和圣经的字句，却忽略了基督。因此祂在十二章三十五至三十七节，问他们关于基督的问题。主耶稣问他们，经学家怎么说，基督是大卫的子孙；祂接著又说，『大卫自己在圣灵里说，『主对我主说，你坐在我的右边，等我把你的仇敌，放在你的脚下。』大卫自己既称祂为主，祂怎么又是大卫的子孙？』（36～。）主的问题答案是这样：基督是神，在祂的神性里，祂是大卫的主；基督也是人，在祂的人性里，祂是大卫的子孙。关于基督的身位，法利赛人和经学家只有一半的圣经知识，只知道主按著祂的人性，是大卫的子孙。他们缺少另一半的知识，就是基督按著祂的神性，是神的儿子。主回答一班试验、察验祂的人所发出的四种不同的问题，并发出关于基督的问中之问后，就接下去警告人要提防经学家，并称赞穷寡妇。我们要在下一篇信息交通这些点。

15After answering all their questions wisely, the Lord asked them a question concerning Christ. This is the question of questions. Their questions were related to religion, politics, belief, and the interpretation of the Scriptures. His question was concerning Christ, who is the center of all spiritual and divine things. They knew religion, politics, belief, and the Scriptures in letter, but they paid no attention to Christ. Therefore, in 12:35-37 He asked them concerning Christ. After asking why the scribes say that Christ is the son of David, the Lord Jesus continued, “David himself said in the Holy Spirit, The Lord said to my Lord, Sit at My right hand until I put Your enemies under Your feet. David himself calls Him Lord, and how can He be his son?” (vv. 36-37). The answer to the Lord’s question is that as God, in His divinity, 37 Christ is the Lord of David, and as a man, in His humanity, He is the son of David. The Pharisees and scribes had only part of the scriptural knowledge concerning Christ’s Person, that He was the son of David according to His humanity. They did not have the other part concerning Christ’s divinity as the Son of God. After the Lord answered the four different kinds of questions raised by those who were testing and examining Him, and after He asked the question of questions—the question concerning Christ—He went on to give a warning concerning the scribes and to speak approvingly of a poor widow. We shall consider these matters in the following message.