马可福音生命读经 · 第43篇

奴仆救主为著祂救赎服事豫备（十）

The Preparation of the Slave-Savior for His Redemptive Service (10

1读经：马可福音14:12-26。

1Scripture Reading: Mark 14:12-26

逾越节的顶替

A REPLACEMENT OF THE PASSOVER

2主耶稣在伯大尼享受筵席之后，就吃逾越节的筵席，又设立祂的晚餐来顶替逾越节的筵席。（可十四12～26。）主吩咐两个门徒豫备逾越节筵席所需用的东西。（12～16。）在神经纶的历史中，那是最后一次的逾越节筵席，因为从那时起，逾越节的筵席就被主的筵席顶替了。这指明旧的经纶已经被新的经纶顶替了。因此，今天我们没有逾越节的筵席，而有主的筵席，主的晚餐。我们看见，主用饼、杯设立祂的晚餐，这指明主的死、复活、祂的自己、和祂的扩大，就是祂的身体。主、祂的死、复活、和祂的扩大，至终将产生神的国。

2After the Lord Jesus enjoyed a feast in Bethany, He partook of the feast of the Passover and then instituted His supper as a replacement of the Passover (14:12-26). The Lord charged two of His disciples to prepare what was needed for the feast of the Passover (vv. 12-16). In the history of God’secon o my, that was the last feast of Passover, for from that time the feast of Passover was replaced by the Lord’stable. This indicates that the old dispensation has been replaced by a new dispensation. Therefore, we today do not have the feast of Passover; instead, we have the Lord’stable, the Lord’ss upper. As we shall see, the Lord instituted His supper with bread and a cup. This indicates His death, His resurrection, the Lord Himself, and His enlargement, that is, His Body. The Lord, His death and resurrection, and His enlargement will eventually issue in the kingdom of God

3马可十四章十二节说，『除酵节的第一天，就是宰逾越羊羔的那一天，门徒对耶稣说，你要我们去那里为你豫备吃逾越节的筵席？』犹太的历法是根据圣经，一天是从晚上开始。（创一5。）奴仆救主在末次逾越节的晚上，首先与祂门徒同吃逾越节的筵12-席，并为他们设立祂的晚餐，（可十四12～25，）然后与门徒同去橄榄山下的客西马尼园。（26～42。）祂在那里被捉，并被带到大祭司那里，深夜受议会的审判。（43～72。）同日早晨，祂被交给彼拉多，受他的审判，并且被定死罪。（十五1～15。）然后在上午九时，祂被带到各各他，在那里被钉在十字架上，一直留到下午三时，（16～41，）以应验逾越节的豫表。（出十二6～11。）照马可十四章十三至十六节来看，主打发两个门徒，告诉他们进城去，必有人拿著一瓶水，迎面而来，他们要跟著他。无论他进那里去，他们就对那家的主人说，『夫子说，我的客房，就是我同门徒可以在那里吃逾越节筵席的地方在那里？』他必指给他们摆设整齐的一间大楼房；门徒就要在那里作必要的豫备。『门徒出去，进了城，所遇见的，正如耶稣对他们所说的，他们就豫备了逾越节的筵席。』（16。）

3Mark 14:12 says, “And on the first day of the feast of Unleavened Bread, when they sacrificed the Passover, His disciples say to Him, Where do You want us to go and prepare that You may eat the Passover?” In the Jewish calendar, which was according to their Scripture, a day began with the evening (Gen. 1:5). In the night, the beginning of the last Passover day, the Slave-Savior first ate the Passover feast with His disciples and instituted His supper for them (vv. 25). Then He went with the disciples to the Garden of Gethsemane at the Mount of Olives (vv. 26-42). There He was arrested and brought to the high priest, where He was judged by the Sanhedrin late in the night (vv. 43-72). In the morning of the same day, He was delivered to Pilate to be judged by him and was sentenced to death (15:1-15). Then He was brought to Golgotha and crucified there beginning from the third hour in the morning, and He remained on the cross until the ninth hour in the afternoon (15:16-41), for the fulfillment of the type of the Passover (Exo. 12:6-11). According to 14:13-16, the Lord sent two of His disciples and told them to go into the city, where they would meet a man carrying a pitcher of water. They were to follow him, and wherever he entered, they were to say to the owner of the house, “The Teacher says, Where is My guest room, where I may eat the Passover with My disciples?” Then he would show them a large upper room furnished and ready, and in that room the disciples would make the necessary preparations. “And the disciples went out, and came into the city, and found it even as He had told them, and they prepared the Passover” (v. 16).

4豫备逾越节筵席的这段记载，是非常奥秘的。这使我们想起主对两个门徒论到驴驹所说的话，祂进耶路撒冷时乃是骑著驴驹的。（十一1～6。）谁让出那摆设整齐的一间大楼房，并且豫备好？我们在圣经里找不出这个问题的答案。这可能指明，奴仆救主设立晚餐是一件奥秘的事。

4This account of the preparation for the Passover is mysterious. It reminds us of the Lord’sword to two of His disciples concerning the colt on which He rode into Jerusalem (11:1-6). Who provided the large upper room and furnished it and made it ready? Nowhere in the Bible can we find the answer to this question. This may indicate that the Slave-Savior’s instituting of His supper was a mysterious matter

加略人犹大

JUDAS ISCARIOT

5马可十四章十八节说，『他们坐席正吃的时候，耶稣说，我实在告诉你们，你们中间有一个与我同吃的人，要出卖我了。』这是吃逾越节的筵席，（16，）不是吃奴仆救主的晚餐，那是在二十二至二十四节。出卖主耶稣的，是加略人犹大。十九至二十节说，『他们就忧愁起来，一个一个的问祂说，是我么？耶稣对他们说，是十二个门徒中，同我蘸手在盘子里的那个人。』犹大被暴露以后，在奴仆救主的晚餐以前（太二六20～26）就离去了。（约十三21～30。）他与奴仆救主的身体和血无分，因为他不是在主里的真信徒，乃是灭亡之子。（十七12。）奴仆救主甚至认为他是个魔鬼。（六70～71。）路加二十二章二十一至二十三节，似乎指明犹大在主的晚餐以后才离去，因主的晚餐是在前面十九至二十节题起的。然而马可的记载和马太的一样，表明奴仆救主在十四章二十二至二十四节设立祂的晚餐以前，就在十八至二十一节指出犹大是出卖祂的人。马可的记载是按著历史的次序，路加的记载是按著道德的次序。马太记载的次序与马可的记载相合。

5Mark 14:18 says, “And as they were reclining at table and eating, Jesus said, Truly I tell you that one of you will deliver Me up, one who is eating with Me.” This was the eating of the Passover feast (v. 16), not the eating of the Slave-Savior’ss upper, which is in verses 22 through 24. The one who delivered up the Lord Jesus was Judas Iscariot. Verses 19 and 20 say, “They began to be sorrowful and say to Him one by one, Is it I? And He said to them, One of the twelve, the one who dips with Me in the dish.” After Judas Iscariot was exposed, he left (John 13:21-30) before the Slave-Savior’ss upper (Matt. 26:20-26). Judas did not participate in the Slave-Savior’s body and blood, because he was not a real believer in Him, but a son of destruction (John 17:12), considered by the Slave-Savior even a devil (John 6:70-71). Luke 22:21-23 seems to indicate that Judas left after the Lord’ss upper, mentioned in the preceding verses (Luke 22:19-20). However, Mark’s record shows that Judas was pointed out by the Slave-Savior as His betrayer in 14:18-21 before He instituted His supper in verses 22 through 24. Mark’s record is according to historical sequence, whereas Luke’s is according to the sequence of morality. The sequence in Matthew’s record matches that of Mark

记念奴仆救主

REMEMBERING THE SLAVE-SAVIOR

6马可十四章二十二节说，『他们吃的时候，耶稣拿起饼来，祝福了，就擘开，递给他们说，你们拿去，这是我的身体。』奴仆救主和跟从祂的人，在十六至十八节吃过逾越节的筵席以后，在这里吃祂的晚餐。祂创设这新的筵席，要信徒记念祂，以顶替逾越节的筵席，那是旧约的筵席，要选民记念耶和华的救恩。（出十二14，十三3。）

6Mark 14:22 says, “And as they were eating He took bread, and blessed and broke it, and gave it to them, and said, Take; this is My body.” This was the eating of the Slave-Savior’ss upper after He and His followers ate the Passover feast in verses 16 through 18. He initiated this new practice for His believers’ remembrance of Him to replace the Passover feast, the old testament practice of the elect’s remembrance of Jehovah’ss alvation (Exo. 12:14; 13:3).

7新约这新的筵席，是藉著吃饼喝杯以记念奴仆救主；饼象征祂为信徒所舍的身体，（林前十一24，）杯象征祂为信徒的罪所流的血。（太二六28。）饼指生命，（约六35，）就是神的生命，永远的生命；杯指福分，（林前十16，）就是神自己作信徒的分。（诗十六5。）身为罪人，他们的分该是神忿怒的杯，（启十四10，）但奴仆救主为他们喝了那杯，（约十八11，）使祂的救恩成了他们的分，就是满溢的（诗二三5）救恩之杯，（一一六13，）其内容乃是神作他们包罗万有的福分。这饼和这杯是奴仆救主晚餐的构成成分。祂这晚餐就是祂设立的桌子，筵席，（林前十21，）叫信徒享受祂作这样的筵席记念祂。因此，他们在记念祂的时候，陈列祂救赎并分赐生命的死，（林前十一－祂的血与身体分开是宣告死，）向全宇宙见证祂丰富、奇妙的救恩。

7This new practice of the new testament is to remember the Slave - Savior by eating the bread, which signifies His body given for His believers (1 Cor. 11:24), and drinking the cup, which signifies His blood shed for their sins (Matt. 26:28). The bread denotes life (John 6:35), the life of God, the eternal life, and the cup denotes blessing (1 Cor. 10:16), which is God Himself as their portion (Psa. 16:5). As sinners, their portion should have been the cup of God’s wrath (Rev. 14:10). But the Slave - Savior has drunk that cup for them (John 18:11), and His salvation becomes their portion, the cup of salvation (Psa. 116:13) that runs over (Psa. 23:5), the content of which is God as their all - inclusive blessing. Such bread and such a cup are the constituents of the Slave - Savior’s supper, which is a table (1 Cor. 10:21), a feast, set up by Him that His believers may remember Him by enjoying Him as such a feast. Thus they testify of His rich and marvelous salvation to the entire universe, displaying His redeeming and life - imparting death (1 Cor. 11:26). His blood 26 separated from His body declares His death.

立约的血

THE BLOOD OF THE COVENANT

8马可十四章二十三至二十四节说，『又拿起杯来，祝谢了，递给他们，他们都喝了。耶稣对他们说，这是我立约的血，为多人流出来的。』神在出埃及二十四章三至八节，与蒙救赎的以色列人立约，（来九18～21，）那约成了旧的遗命，作为祂在律法时代对待赎民的依据。奴仆救主照著神的旨意，（十7，9～10，）藉著祂的死，为神的选民完成神永远的救赎，并用祂的血立了新约，就是更美之约。（八6～。）这约在祂复活以后成了新的遗命，（九16～17，）作为神在恩典时代与祂所救赎并重生的人联合为一的依据。这新约顶替了旧约，同时将神的旧时代转换为祂的新时代。奴仆救主要跟从祂的人知道这点，并在祂复活后基于这点、照著这点过生活。

8Verses 23 and 24 say, “And having taken a cup, He gave thanks and gave it to them; and they all drank from it. And He said to them, This is My blood of the covenant, which is being poured out for many.” God made a covenant with redeemed Israel in Exodus 24:3-8 (Heb. 9:18-21), which became the old testament as a base for Him to deal with His redeemed people in the dispensation of law. The Slave -Savior came to accomplish God’s eternal redemption for God’s chosen people by His death, according to God’s will (Heb. 10:7, 9-10), and with His blood instituted a new covenant, a better covenant (Heb. 8:6-13), which became the new testament after His resurrection 13 (Heb. 9:16-17), as a base for God to be one with His redeemed and regenerated people in the dispensation of grace. This new covenant replaced the old covenant and simultaneously changed God’sold dispensation to His new dispensation. The Slave-Savior wanted His followers to know this and to live a life based upon this and according to it after His resurrection.

9主在马可十四章二十五节继续说，『我实在告诉你们，我绝不再喝这葡萄树的产品，直到我在神的国里，喝新的那日子。』主在这里是说到国度的实现；主回来以后，要在那里与我们同喝。二十六节是奴仆救主设立祂的晚餐这段话的结语：『他们唱了诗，就出来往橄榄山去。』这诗是主在擘饼后，同门徒对父的赞美。

9In 14:25 the Lord went on to say, “Truly, I tell you, I will by no means drink anymore of the fruit of the vine until that day when I drink it new in the kingdom of God.” Here the Lord is speaking of the manifestation of the kingdom, in which He will drink with us after His coming back. Verse 26 is the conclusion of the section on the Slave- Savior’s instituting His supper: “And having sung a hymn, they went out to the Mount of Olives.” This hymn was a praise to the Father by the Lord with the disciples after the Lord’stable.

成为基督奥秘的身体

BECOMING CHRIST’S MYSTICAL BODY

10我们看见，当主与门徒同吃的时候，祂拿起饼来，祝福了，就擘开，递给他们说，『你们拿去，这是我的身体。』（22。）主和门徒首先吃逾越节的筵席，随后主用饼和杯设立祂的筵席，以顶替逾越节，这是因为祂就要应验这豫表，成为我们真正的逾越节。（林前五7。）现今，我们是守真正的除酵节。（8。）主筵席上的饼是个表号，象征主的身体在十字架上为我们裂开，将祂的生命释放出来，使我们能有分于这生命；藉此，我们就成为基督奥秘的身体，（林前十二27，）这奥秘的身体，也是桌上的饼所象征的。（十17。）因此，我们分享这饼，就有分于基督身体的交通。（16。）

10We have seen that as the Lord and His disciples were eating, He took bread, blessed it, broke it, and gave it to them, and said, “Take; this is My body” (v. 22). First the Lord and His disciples ate the Passover; then the Lord established His table with the bread and the cup to replace the feast of the Passover. He did this because He would very soon fulfill the type and become the real Passover to us (1 Cor. 5:7). Now we are keeping the real feast of Unleavened Bread (1 Cor. 5:8). The bread of the Lord’stable is a symbol signifying the Lord’s body broken for us on the cross to release His life that we may participate in it. By participating in this life, we become the mystical Body of Christ (1 Cor. 12:27), which is also signified by the bread of the table (1 Cor. 10:17). Hence, by partaking of this bread, we have the fellowship of the Body of Christ (1 Cor. 10:16

11主在十字架上裂开，为要释放祂的生命。主的生命是在复活里释放的。因此，裂开是死，释放是复活。藉著主在十字架上裂开，就能释放祂里面神圣的生命，使我们能有分于这生命。我们有分于主神圣的生命，就成为基督奥秘的身体，就是祂的扩大。这意思是说，我们享受这饼，就能成为基督奥秘的身体。基督奥秘的身体就是祂的扩大，也是1桌上的饼所象征的，正如林前十章十七节所指明的。因此，我们分享这饼，就能有分于基督身体的交通。

11The Lord was broken on the cross in order to release His life. The release of the Lord’s life is in resurrection. Therefore, breaking is a matter of death, and releasing is a matter of resurrection. Through being broken on the cross, the Lord was able to release the divine life from within Him so that we might participate in this life. By participating in the Lord’s divine life, we become the mystical Body of Christ, His enlargement. This means that by enjoying the bread we become Christ’s mystical Body. As His enlargement, Christ’s mystical Body is also signified by the bread on the table, as indicated in Corinthians 10:17. Hence, by partaking of this bread we have the fellowship of the Body of Christ.

12血、约与杯主的血救赎我们，从堕落的光景回到神面前，并回到神完满的福分里。关于主的筵席，（林前十21，）饼象征我们有分于生命，杯象征我们享受神的福分，因此，这杯称为福杯。（16。）在这杯里有神一切的福分，甚至有神自己作我们的分。（诗十六5。）在亚当里，我们的分乃是神忿怒的杯，（启十四10，）但基督已经为我们喝了那杯，（约十八11，）祂的血已经为我们构成了救恩的杯，（诗一一六13，）满溢的杯。（二三5。）我们分享这杯，就有分于基督之血的交通。（林前十16。）

12THE BLOOD, THE COVENANT, AND THE CUP The Lord’s blood redeemed us from our fallen condition back to God, back to the inheritance we lost through the fall of Adam, and back to God’s full blessing. Concerning the Lord’stable (1 Cor. 10:21), the bread signifies our participation in life, and the cup, our enjoyment of God’s blessing. Hence, it is called the cup of blessing (1 Cor. 10:16). In this cup are all the blessings of God and even God Himself as our portion (Psa. 16:5). In Adam our portion was the cup of God’s wrath (Rev. 14:10). Christ has drunk that cup for us (John 18:11), and His blood has constituted the cup of salvation for us (Psa. 116:13), the cup that runs over (Psa. 23:5). By partaking of this cup we also have the fellowship of the blood of Christ (1 Cor. 10:16).

13马可十四章二十五节论到葡萄树的产品。主筵席上杯里葡萄树的产品也是个表号，象征主在十字架上为我们的罪所流的血。这血乃是神的公义所要求的，为使我们的罪得赦免。（来九22。）马可十四章二十四节说，主的血是立约的血。主的血既满足了神的公义，就立了新约。在这新约中，神赐给我们赦罪、生命、救恩，和一切属灵、属天、神圣的福分。当神将这新约赐给我们时，这约乃是一个杯，（路二二20，）就是我们的分。主流了血，神立了约，而我们享受这杯；在这杯里，神和一切属神的都是我们的分。血是基督为我们所付的代价，约是神为我们所立的契据，杯是我们从神所领受的分。关于主的筵席，我们有血、约和杯。当我们来赴主的晚餐，我们看见桌上的杯。那杯是一个约，也与血有关。因此，血、约与杯乃是一。血是基督为我们所付的代价，约是神为我们所立的契据，杯是我们从神所领受并享受的分。基督付上代价，神立约，我们则享受那福分。

13Mark 14:25 speaks of the fruit of the vine. The fruit of the vine within the cup of the Lord’stable is also a symbol. It signifies the Lord’s bloodshed on the cross for our sins. His blood was required by God’s righteousness for the forgiveness of our sins (Heb. 9:22). Mark 14:24 says that the Lord’s blood is the blood of the covenant. The Lord’s blood, having satisfied God’s righteousness, enacted the new covenant. In this new covenant, God gives us forgiveness, life, salvation, and all spiritual, heavenly, and divine blessings. When this new covenant is given to us, it is a cup (Luke 22:20), a portion for us. The Lord shed the blood, God established the covenant, and we enjoy the cup, in which God and all that is of Him are our portion. The blood is the price Christ paid for us, the covenant is the title deed God made to us, and the cup is the portion we receive from God. Concerning the Lord’stable, we have the blood, the covenant, and the cup. When we come to the Lord’ss upper, we see a cup on the table. That cup is a covenant and is also related to the blood. Therefore, the blood, the covenant, and the cup are one. The blood is the price paid by Christ, the covenant is the title deed of our inheritance, and the cup is the portion we receive and enjoy. Christ paid the price. God made the covenant, and we enjoy the portion

门徒享受主的死与复活、主的自己、与祂奥秘的身体

THE DISCIPLES ENJOYING THE LORD’S DEATH AND RESURRECTION, THE LORD HIMSELF, AND HIS MYSTICAL BODY

14主耶稣设立祂的筵席，向门徒指明，他们将进入祂的死与复活。主服事他们，不仅是用祂的身体与血，也是用祂的死、复活、祂的自己、和祂的扩大，就是祂奥秘的身体。祂在筵席上，用祂自己，祂的死与复活，与祂奥秘的身体，就是祂的扩大，来服事门徒。这意思是说，门徒应当享受祂的死、祂的复活、祂自己、和祂的扩大。

14By instituting His table the Lord Jesus was indicating to His followers that they would enter into His death and resurrection. The Lord served them not only with His body and blood, but also with His death, resurrection, Himself, and His enlargement, His mystical Body. At His table He served His disciples with Himself, with His death and resurrection, and with His mystical Body as His enlargement. This means that the disciples should enjoy His death, His resurrection, the Lord Himself, and His enlargement

15当主耶稣设立祂的晚餐时，我怀疑门徒是否明白其意义。他们虽然听见主所说的话，但他们也许不明白。照著主耶稣在约翰福音所豫言的，等实际的灵来了，祂要引导他们进入一切的实际，（十六13，）包括主所设立之晚餐的实际。那时，门徒必定回想主的话。他们也许说，『主被捉拿的那天晚上，祂用饼和杯设立了晚餐。我们当时不明白其中的意义；现在我们知道主的用意，乃是要使我们对于祂包罗万有的死，祂奇妙的复活，祂自己，和祂奥秘的身体，就是祂的扩大，有完全的领悟。』

15I doubt that the disciples were clear concerning the significance of the Lord’ss upper when the Lord Jesus instituted it. They heard the words spoken by the Lord, but they probably did not understand them. According to what the Lord Jesus prophesied in the Gospel of John, when the Spirit of reality came, He led them into all reality (John 16:13), including the reality of the supper instituted by the Lord. Then the disciples certainly recalled the Lord’swords. They may have said, “On the night the Lord was arrested, He instituted a table with the bread and the cup. We did not understand the significance of this at the time. Now we know that the Lord’sin tent i on was to bring us into a full realization of His all-inclusive death, His wonderful resurrection, Himself, and His mystical Body as His enlargement

产生新人

THE PRODUCING OF THE NEW MAN

16主的死、复活、主自己、和祂的扩大，都是为著产生新人。这新人是马可四章里国度种子的发展。新人完全发展出来就是国度。我们不可肤浅的读圣经，而要蒙光照才能看见这个异象。今天，主耶稣仍然一直把我们带到祂筵席的实际里。祂进入死以前，用祂的死、复活、祂自己、和祂的扩大，设立祂的筵席。祂的死、复活、祂自己、和祂的扩大，是由擘开的饼与杯所表征的。饼表征祂奥秘的身体。主的血已经成为一个杯，来作我们的分；这血是神所立的约，也是基督所付出的代价。一周过一周，我们在主的筵席前温习这个故事。我们来到主的筵席上，不是要庆祝宗教的圣餐，或是所谓的望弥撒。相反的，我们在祂的筵席上得著了主钉死、复活、主自己、和祂奥秘身体（祂的扩大）的启示。当我们有分于祂的死与复活，当我们以祂作我们包罗万有的顶替时，祂就成了我们的一切，为著产生新人。至终，这新人要成为神的国。当这个过程完成时，主耶稣就要回来接受这新人，并且得著国度。愿我们都看见这奇妙的异象！

16The Lord’s death, resurrection, the Lord Himself, and His enlargement are for the producing of the new man. This new man is the development of the seed of the kingdom in chapter four. The full development of the new man will be the kingdom. Instead of reading the Bible in a superficial way, we need to be enlightened to see this vision. Today the Lord Jesus is still bringing us into the reality of His table. Before He entered into death, He instituted the table with His death, resurrection, Himself, and His enlargement, which are signified by the broken bread and the cup. The bread signifies His mystical Body. The Lord’s blood has become a cup as the portion for us covenanted by God and paid for by Christ. Week after week we review this story at the Lord’stable. When we come to the Lord’stable, we are not celebrating a religious communion or performing a so-called mass. On the contrary, at His table we have a revelation of the Lord’s death, resurrection, the Lord Himself, and His mystical Body as His enlargement. As we participate in His death and resurrection, as we take Him as our all- inclusive replacement, He becomes everything to us for the producing of the new man. Eventually, this new man will become the kingdom of God. When this process has been fulfilled, the Lord Jesus will come back to receive this new man and to have the kingdom. May we all see such a marvelous vision!