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马可福音生命读经 · 第49篇

奴仆救主为著完成

The Death and Resurrection of the Slave-Savior
1读经：马可福音15:16-41。我们在本篇信息中要来看基督救赎之死所成就的是甚么。在交通这事以前，我愿意进一步说到三一神。
1for the Accomplishment of God’s Redemption (4) Scripture Reading: Mark 15:16-41 In this message we shall consider what was accomplished through Christ’s redeeming death. However, before we come to this matter, I would like to say a further word concerning the Trinity
三一的神
THE THREE-ONE GOD
2我们在马太三章看见，神圣三一的三者是分别的单位：父在天上，子在地上，灵彷佛鸽子从天降下。但马太一章很明显的指明，这三者乃是一。
2In chapter three of Matthew we see the Three of the Trinity as distinct units: the Father in the heavens, the Son on earth, and the Spirit descending as a dove from the air. But in chapter one of Matthew there is a definite indication that these Three are one
3照马太一章来看，基督是从圣灵成孕的。这与约翰一章十四节相合，那里告诉我们，话成了肉体。根据约翰福音所说的，话就是神的儿子。当主耶稣在马利亚腹中从圣灵成孕时，那是神的儿子成了肉体，是话3:16成为肉体。所以，提前三章十六节说，大哉！敬虔的奥秘！就是神显现于肉体。3:16马太一章十八节与二十节，约翰一章十四节与提前三章十六节，都是指同一件事。主耶稣从圣灵成孕，就是神的儿子成为肉体；神的儿子成为肉体，就是神显现于肉体。我们将这几节摆在一起，就看见圣灵为著耶稣的成孕；子来成为肉体；神显现出来。这指明那灵，神的儿子，神自己，乃是一。一面，神圣三一的三者是三；但另一面，三者乃是一。因这缘故，我们说神是三一的。我们的神是三一神，是三而一的神。
3According to Matthew 1, Christ was conceived of the Holy Spirit. This corresponds to John 1:14, a verse that tells us that the Word became flesh. According to the Gospel of John, the Word is the Son of God. When the Lord Jesus was conceived of the Spirit in Mary’s womb, that was the incarnation of the Son of God, the Word becoming flesh. Therefore, 1 Timothy speaks of the greatness of the mystery of godliness, which is God manifested in the flesh. Matthew 1:18 and 20, John 1:14, and 1 Timothy all refer to the same matter. The conceiving of the Lord Jesus of the Holy Spirit is the incarnation of the Son of God, and the incarnation of the Son of God is God manifested in the flesh. When we put these verses together, we have the Holy Spirit for the conception of Jesus, the Son for the incarnation, and God for the manifestation. This indicates that the Spirit, the Son of God, and God Himself are one. On the one hand, the Three of the Trinity are three; on the other hand, the Three are one. This is the reason we speak of God as triune, as three-one. Our God is the Triune God, the three-one God.
4因为基督是从圣灵成孕的，所以祂是神人；在祂身上，有神性与人性的调和。因此，祂受浸时，乃是以神人的身分受浸。同样的原则，祂受死时，也是以神人的身分，死在十字架上。
4Because Christ was conceived of the Holy Spirit, He is a God-man. With Him there is the mingling of divinity with humanity. Hence, when He was baptized, He was baptized as a God-man. In the same principle, when He died on the cross, He died as a God-man
神儿子耶稣的血
THE BLOOD OF JESUS, GOD’SS ON
5约壹一章七节说，神儿子耶稣的血洗净我们一切的罪。『耶稣』这名是指流出救赎的血所需之主的人性；『祂儿子』这名称是指使救赎的血永远有功效所需之主的神性。因此祂儿子耶稣的血指明，这血乃是真正的人所流适当的血，为要救赎神堕落的造物，有神圣的保证为其永远的功效，这功效在空间上是普及各处的，在时间上是永远长存的。人的罪需要人的血洗净。耶稣的血是真正的人所流的血。然而这位为救赎我们而流血的耶稣，乃是神的儿子。祂有人性，也有神性。祂的人性使祂有资格为我们受死。因祂是人，祂有血可流，来洗净我们一切的罪。虽然如此，祂也是神的儿子；祂的神性担保祂救赎的血永远有功效。因此，祂的人性使祂有资格作我们的救赎主和代替；祂的神性使祂这资格具有永远的能力。基督若不是人，就没有资格作我们的代替。赞美主，祂的人性使祂有资格作我们的代替；祂那真正的人血有资格洗净我们的罪！但这资格的功效需要一些东西来担保，这担保就是主的神性。祂的神性担保祂的资格永远有功效。
5First John 1:7 says that the blood of Jesus, God’s Son, cleanses us from every sin. The name “Jesus” denotes the Lord’s humanity, which was needed for the shedding of the redeeming blood, and the title “His Son” denotes the Lord’s divinity, which was needed for the eternal efficacy of the redeeming blood. Thus, the blood of Jesus, the Son of God, indicates that this blood is the proper blood of a genuine man for redeeming God’s fallen creatures, with divine surety as to its eternal efficacy, an efficacy which is all - prevailing in space and everlasting in time. Man’s sin needs human blood for its cleansing. The blood of Jesus is the blood of a genuine man. However, the very Jesus who shed His blood for our redemption is the Son of God. He has both humanity and divinity. His humanity qualified Him to die for us. Because He was a man, He had the blood to shed for the cleansing of our sins. Nevertheless, He is also the Son of God. His divinity insures the eternal effectiveness of His redeeming blood. Therefore, His humanity qualifies Him to be our Redeemer and our Substitute; His divinity gives eternal power to this qualification. If Christ were not a man, He could not be qualified to be our Substitute. Praise the Lord that He was qualified by His humanity to be our Substitute and that His genuine human blood has the qualification to cleanse our sins! This qualification needs something to insure its effectiveness, and this assurance is the Lord’s divinity. His divinity insures the eternal effectiveness of His qualification.
6约壹一章七节指明，这位在十字架上受死、流血的，乃是那人耶稣，并且这一位乃是神的儿子，是神圣者。祂以神人的身分死在十字架上，祂兼有人性和神性。祂是神人，被钉十字架作我们的救赎主。在这些事上，主的圣言所给我们看见的，与传统的教导多少有点不同。因这缘故，我们的教导与传统的教导有一些冲突。关于这一点，你需要运用鉴别力，看明那些教训是根据神纯净的话，那些是根据代代承袭的传统道理。
6First John 1:7 indicates that the One who died on the cross and shed His blood was the man Jesus, and that this One is the Son of God, the divine Being. He died on the cross as a God-man, the One with both the human nature and the divine nature. As the God-man, He was crucified as our Redeemer. What the Lord has shown us concerning these matters from His holy Word is somewhat different from traditional teachings. For this reason, there is a measure of conflict between our teaching and the traditional teaching. Concerning this, you need to exercise your discernment to see which teachings are based on the pure Word of God and which are based on traditional doctrine that has been passed on from generation to generation
基督之死所成就的罪行的问题
WHAT CHRIST’S DEATH ACCOMPLISHED The Problem of Sins
7现在让我们来看主的死成就了甚么。首先，基督的死解决了我们罪行的问题，就是我们的过犯、罪愆、与罪的行为。祂的死解决了我们罪行的问题，并且是永远解决了。关于这一点，保罗在林前十五章三节说，『我从前所领受又传与你们的，第一，就是基督照圣经所说，为我们的罪死了。』不仅如此，彼前二章二十四节说，基督『在木头上，在祂的身体里，亲自担当了我们的罪』。
7Let us now consider what the death of Christ accomplished. First, Christ’s death solved the problem of our sins, the problem of our offenses, transgressions, and sinful deeds. His death has solved the problem of our sins, and it has solved this problem eternally. Concerning this, Paul says in 1 Corinthians 15:3, “For I delivered to you, among the first things, that which also I received, that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures.” Furthermore, 1 Peter 2:24 says that Christ “Himself carried up our sins in His body onto the tree.”
罪性的问题
The Problem of Sin
8其次，基督这包罗万有的死，已经对付了罪性。要解释罪行是甚么，相当容易；但要给罪性下个定义，却不太容易。罪行指行为、过犯、罪愆与过失。但甚么是罪性？罗马八章三节说，神差遣自己的儿子，成为罪之肉体的样式，并为著罪，在肉体中定罪了罪。基督为著定罪罪，就以罪之肉体的样式而来。约翰一章二十九节说，『看哪，神的羔羊，除去世人之罪的！』
8Second, the death of Christ, an all-inclusive death, has dealt with sin. Although it is easy to explain what sins are, it is difficult to define sin. Sins refer to deeds, offenses, trespasses, and transgressions. But what is sin? Romans 8:3 says that God sent His own Son in the likeness of the flesh of sin and concerning sin and condemned sin in the flesh. In order to condemn sin, Christ came in the likeness of the flesh of sin. John 1:29 says, “Behold, the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world
9我们照著圣经并按自己的经历来看，便看见罪性实际上就是撒但罪的性情。撒但是罪的根源。罪是撒但的发明，撒但自己就是罪的元素。事实上，在神眼中，罪就是撒但。照罗马书来看，罪是活的东西，能驱使我们去作我们所不愿意作的事，并且住在我们里面，欺骗我们，甚至杀死我们。（六14，七8，11，17。）这住在我们里面，为所欲为的东西，到底是甚么？就是撒但。人堕落的时候，撒但的罪性就注射到人里面。这就是说，当人吃善恶知识树的果子时，他就接受了撒但的罪性进入他里面。
9According to the Bible and also according to our experience, we have seen that sin is actually the sinful nature of Satan. Satan is the source of sin. Sin is Satan’sin vent i on, and Satan himself is the element of sin. Actually, in the sight of God, sin is Satan. According to the book of Romans, sin is something living, something that can make us do things that we do not want to do, something that can dwell in us, deceive us, and even kill us (Rom. 6:14; 7:8, 11, 17). What is this thing living within us that does all these things? It is Satan. At the time of man’s fall, Satan’ss in ful nature was injected into mankind. This means that when man ate of the fruit of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, he took into him the sinful nature of Satan
10宇宙中有一个东西，圣经称之为罪。罪不仅是客观的，在我们外面；也是主观的，在我们里面，在我们的肉体里。因此，我们外面有罪行、过犯、罪愆与过失；里面有罪性的基本问题。赞美主，基督包罗万有的死不仅解决了我们罪行的问题，也审判并定罪了罪性！罗马八章三节启示，当基督死在十字架上时，肉体里的罪被定罪了。我们可以用一座不安全的建筑物被宣判不合用来说明。（译者注：宣告不合用，英文为condemnation，与定罪同。）一座建筑物破损不堪，必须拆除时，政府会宣判那栋建筑物不合用。照样，藉著基督包罗万有的死，肉体里的罪已经被定罪了。藉著祂永远的死，就
10In the universe there is something that is called sin in the Scriptures. Sin is not merely objective, outside of us; it is also subjective, within us, in our flesh. Therefore, outwardly we have sins, offenses, trespasses, and transgressions. Inwardly we have the basic problem of sin. Praise the Lord that Christ’sa ll- inclusive death has not only solved the problem of our sins, but has also judged and condemned sin! Romans 8:3 reveals that when Christ was dying on the cross, sin in the flesh was condemned. We may use the condemnation of an unsafe building as an illustration. When a building is in such pitiful condition that it must be torn down, the government may condemn that building. In a similar way, sin in the flesh has been condemned through Christ’sa ll-inclusive death. By His eternal death, the death of a God-man, sin has been condemned.
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11Our Old Man
12是神人的死，罪已经被定罪了。我们的旧人
12
13基督的死所对付的第三项，就是我们的旧人。罗马六章六节说，『知道我们的旧人已经与祂同钉十字架。』加拉太二章二十节说，『我已经与基督同钉十字架。』因著神人奇妙的死是包罗万有的，所以这死也包括了我们。神把我们放在基督里，当基督钉十字架时，我们也在祂里面。因此，我们
13The third matter dealt with by Christ’s death is our old man. Romans 6:6 says, “Our old man has been crucified with Him.” Similarly, Galatians 2:20 says, “I have been crucified with Christ.” Because the marvelous death of the God-man was all-inclusive, it included us. We were put into Christ by God, and we were in Him when He was crucified. Hence, we are included in His all-inclusive eternal death
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14The Old Creation
15包括在祂包罗万有、永远的死里面。旧造
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16因著我们的旧人与基督同钉十字架，整个旧造也同钉了十字架。我们这些人是旧造里领头的，因此是代表旧造。当旧造的代表－人－被钉十字架时，整个旧造也都钉了十字架。
16Because our old man was crucified with Christ, the entire old creation was crucified also. As human beings, we are the leading ones of the old creation and represent the old creation. When man, the representative of the old creation, was crucified, the entire old creation was crucified
撒但
Satan
17此外，基督永远的死已经废除了撒但。希伯来二章十四节论到这点说，『儿女既同有血肉之体，祂也照样亲自有分于血肉之体，为要藉著死，废除那掌死权的，就是魔鬼。』这指明基督在祂的人性里，藉著肉身受死，废除了那掌死权的，就是魔鬼。这意思是说，撒但被钉了十字架。不管我们明不明白这事，无论如何，因著基督受死，撒但被钉了十字架，这是一个事实。
17In addition, the eternal death of Christ has destroyed Satan. Concerning this, Hebrews 2:14 says, “Since therefore the children have partaken of blood and flesh, He also Himself in like manner shared in the same, that through death He might destroy him who has the might of death, that is, the Devil.” This indicates that in His humanity and through His death in the flesh, Christ destroyed Satan, the one who has the power of death. This means that Satan has been crucified. Whether we understand this or not, it is nevertheless a fact that through the death of Christ Satan was crucified
世界的系统
The World System
18圣经启示，撒但形成了一个属撒但的系统，叫作世界。撒但藉著世界，就是属撒但的世界，把堕落的人系统化在他篡夺的手下。但这邪恶的世界系统已经受了审判。
18The Bible reveals that Satan has formed a satanic system called the world. Through the world, the satanic cosmos, Satan has systematized fallen mankind under his usurping hand. But this evil world system has been judged
19因著世界的系统联于撒但，所以当这位世界的王被审判时，世界也受了审判。主耶稣论到这事，说，『现在这世界受审判，这世界的王要被赶出去。』（约十二31。）当撒但在十字架上被废除时，这世界的王就被赶出去；同时，与撒但有关的世界系统也受了审判。
19Because the world system is connected to Satan, when he, the ruler of the world was judged, the world was judged as well. Regarding this, the Lord Jesus said, “Now is the judgment of this world; now shall the ruler of this world be cast out” (John 12:31). The ruler of this world was cast out when Satan was destroyed on the cross. Simultaneously, the world system related to Satan was judged.
20这审判就好比旧造在旧人钉十字架时也钉了十字架。旧人钉十字架时，整个旧造就钉了十字架。照样，撒但因著基督的死被废除时，世界就受了审判。
20This judgment can be compared to the crucifixion of the old creation when our old man was crucified. When the old man was crucified, the entire old creation was crucified. Likewise, when Satan was destroyed through Christ’s death, the world was judged
规条
The Ordinances
21以弗所二章十五节说到，基督包罗万有的死所对付的另一件事：『在祂的肉体里，废掉了那规条中诫命的律法，好把两下在祂自己里面，创造成一个新人，成就了和平。』我们在这里看见，基督被钉十字架时，祂永远的死废除、取消了人类生活与宗教中不同的规条。不仅如此，基督永远的死也废掉了种族之间的歧异，以及社会阶级之间的歧异。
21Another matter dealt with by Christ’sa ll-inclusive death is mentioned in Ephesians 2:15: “Having abolished in His flesh the law of the commandments in ordinances, that He might create the two in Himself into one new man, making peace.” Here we see that when Christ was crucified, His eternal death abolished, annulled, the different ordinances of human life and religion. Furthermore, the differences among the races and the differences of social rank have been abolished by the eternal death of Christ
释放神圣的生命
The Release of the Divine Life
22基督的死不仅对付了许多消极的事物，也有积极的一面。主耶稣在约翰十二章二十四节论到这点说，『我实实在在的告诉你们，一粒麦子不落在地里死了，仍旧是一粒；若是死了，就结出许多子粒来。』这是指基督的死。基督包罗万有的死，释放祂里面神圣的生命，这生命就产生出许多子粒来。消极一面，基督包罗万有的死，解决了罪行、罪性、旧人、旧造、撒但、世界、和规条的难处。积极一面，基督永远的死，把神圣的生命从祂里面释放出来。
22In addition to dealing with so many negative things, the death of Christ also has a positive aspect. In John 12:24 the Lord Jesus speaks concerning this: “Truly, truly, I say to you, unless a grain of wheat falls into the ground and dies, it abides alone; but if it dies, it bears much fruit.” This refers to Christ’s death. His all- inclusive death released the divine life that was within Him, and this life has produced many grains. On the negative side, Christ’sa ll-inclusive death has solved the problems of sins, sin, the old man, the old creation, Satan, the world, and the ordinances. On the positive side, Christ’s eternal death released the divine life from within Him
神的定议
THE DETERMINED COUNSEL OF GOD
23我们若看见基督包罗万有之死的意义，就会看见祂的死比创造宇宙更为重大。关于基督的死，在已过的永远里，三一神在祂神圣的计画里定规，神圣三一的第二者－子－要来成为肉体，且死在十字架上，好完成神永远的救赎，成就祂永远的定旨。用彼得在五旬节所说的话来说，基督是『按著神的定议先见被交给人』。（徒二23。）
23If we see the significance of the all-inclusive death of Christ, we shall see that His death was a greater event than that of the creation of the universe. Regarding the death of Christ, the Triune God determined in His divine plan in eternity past that the Son, the Second of the divine Trinity, should be incarnated and die on the cross to accomplish eternal redemption for the fulfillment of God’s eternal purpose. In the words of Peter spoken on the day of Pentecost, Christ was “delivered by the determined counsel and foreknowledge of God” (Acts 2:23
24按著神这定议，神圣三一的第二者，在创立世界以前，就是在已过的永远里，（彼前一19～20，）就命定要成为神的羔羊。（约一29。）在神眼中，祂这位神的羔羊，从创立世界以来，就是从神堕落的造物存在以来，就被宰杀了。（启十三8。）自从人堕落以来，羊羔、绵羊、牛犊，就被神的选民用来作豫表。（创三，四4，八20，二二13，出十二3～，利一2。）这些豫表乃是指向要来作神所豫定之真羔羊的基督。在时期满足的时候，三一神就差遣神圣三一的第二者－神的儿子－来成为肉体，取了属人的身体，（来十5，）使祂可以在十字架上献给神，（九14，十12，）以实行三一神的旨意，（7，）也就是以祂自己在人性里作为独一的祭牲和祭物，来取代作为豫表的祭牲和祭物，使神的选民得以圣别。因此，神的旨意就是要基督受那包罗万有、永远的死。基督的死何等伟大！这死清理了宇宙中一切消极的事物，并释放出永远的生命，以产生新人；这新人乃是国度种子，国度基因的终极完成，这终极的完成就是神永远的国。
24Because of this determined counsel of God, the Second of the divine Trinity was ordained to be the Lamb of God (John 1:29) before the foundation of the world, that is, in eternity past (1 Pet. 1:19-20). In the sight of God, He as the Lamb of God was slain from the foundation of the world, that is, from the existence of God’s fallen creatures (Rev. 13:8). From the time of man’s fall, lambs, sheep, and calves were used by God’s chosen people as types (Gen. 3:21; 4:4; 8:20; 22:13; Exo. 12:3-8; Lev. 1:2). These types 21 point to Christ who was to come as the real Lamb8 foreordained by God. In the fullness of time the Triune God sent the Second of the divine Trinity, the Son of God, to come through incarnation to take a human body (Heb. 10:5) that He might be offered to God on the cross (Heb. 9:14; 10:12) to do the will of the Triune God (Heb. 10:7), that is, to replace the sacrifices and offerings, which were types, with Himself in His humanity as the unique sacrifice and offering for the sanctification of God’s chosen people. Therefore, it was the will of God for Christ to die an all-inclusive eternal death. How great is the death of Christ! This death has cleared up all the negative things in the universe and has released the eternal life to produce the new man, who will be the ultimate consummation of the seed of the kingdom, the kingdom gene, an ultimate consummation that will be God’s eternal kingdom.
神人永远的死
THE ETERNAL DEATH OF THE GOD-MAN
25马可十五章十六至四十一节所记载基督的死实在非同小可，我们对这事实需要有深刻的印象。我们都必须看见，基督的死是神人永远的死。那位代替我们受死的，不仅是人，乃是神人。因此，祂的死是永远的死。这永远的死，比神创造之工更伟大。
25We need to be impressed with the fact that the death of Christ recorded in Mark 15:16-41 is an exceedingly great matter. We need to realize that the death of Christ was the eternal death of the God-man. The One who died as our Substitute was not merely a man; He was the God- man. Therefore, His death is an eternal death. This eternal death is greater than God’s work of creation
26我们来看马可福音里关于基督之死的记述时，不该肤浅的阅读。我们必须看见，照马可福音所记载，受死的这一位乃是神人；祂的死不是普普通通、平平凡凡的死。这不平凡的死，这永远的死，乃是神人的死。因此，基督的死清理了一切消极的事物，并释放出神圣的生命，以产生新人。至终，这新人要成为神永远的国，作为国度基因的完满发展。
26When we read the account of Christ’s death in the Gospel of Mark, we should not read it in a superficial way. Rather, we need to realize that the One who died according to the record in Mark was a God-man and that His death was not common or ordinary. This extraordinary death, an eternal death, was the death of the God - man. Therefore, Christ’s death cleared away all the negative things and released the divine life to produce the new man. Eventually, this new man will become the eternal kingdom of God as the full development of the gene of the kingdom.