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路加福音生命读经 · 第56篇

人救主成为肉体达成神造人的目的(一)

The Man-Savior’s Incarnation Fulfilling the Purpose of God’s Creation of Man (1)
1读经:哥林多后书4:4下,创世记1:26上,27上,腓立比书2:7下,创世记2:8-9,约翰福音2:2,14,希伯来书2:16-17,提摩太前书三3:16。
1Scripture Reading: 2 Cor. 4:4b; Gen. 1:26a, 27a; Phil. 2:7b; Gen. 2:8-9; John 1:1, 14; Heb. 2:16-17; 1 Tim. 3:16
2路加福音生命读经到了这里,需要一些信息进一步论到以下四个题目的发展:第一,基督成为神人,就是有神活在祂里面的人;第二,禧年;第三,基督的复活;第四,基督的升天。我们在前面的信息里简略的说过这些事,但我们说得不彀。首先,我们要来看基督的人性,祂这位神人的生活。因此,本篇信息的题目是『人救主成为肉体达成神造人的目的。』看见基督的成为肉体联于神造人的目的,乃是一件大事。这点我们已往简略的看过,却看得不完全。我们需要对这事有深刻的印象:基督的成为肉体,与神造人的目的息息相关。我们要看见,神照著祂的形像,按著祂的样式造人,目的是要人接受祂作生命,并彰显祂一切的属性。我们也要看见,人救主的成为肉体,将神带到人里面,恢复被破坏而丧失的人性,并藉著人性美德彰显神的属性。这些事高深、奥妙、神圣、奥秘,我们言语所能述说的相当有限。
2At this point in the Life-study of Luke we need some messages that will provide a further development of four subjects: first, Christ’s becoming a God-man, a man with God living in Him; second, the jubilee; third, Christ’s resurrection; and fourth, Christ’s ascension. We have covered these matters in a brief way in certain of the foregoing messages, but we have not covered them adequately. First we shall consider Christ’s humanity, His living as the God-man. Hence, the title of this message is “The Man-Savior’sIn carnation Fulfilling the Purpose of God’s Creation of Man.” It is a great thing to see that Christ’sin carnation is linked to God’s purpose in creating man. This is a point that we have not covered fully in the past, although we have considered it briefly. We need to be impressed with the fact that the incarnation of Christ is closely related to the purpose of God in creating man. As we shall see, God’s purpose in the creation of man in His image and after His likeness was that man would receive Him as life and express Him in all His attributes. We shall also see that the Man-Savior’sin carnation brought God into man to restore and to recover the damaged and lost humanity and to express God in His attributes through human virtues. These matters are deep, profound, divine, and mysterious, and our words are limited in speaking of them
人被设计要与神成为一
MAN DESIGNED TO BE ONE WITH GOD
3我们若对圣经(旧约和新约)的整个启示有包罗万有的眼光,就会看见神设计人是要人与祂成为一。神在已过的永远里作了这种设计。神设计人要人与祂成为一,这是一件大事。当然,在有关人与神成为一这件事上,我们在圣经里找不到『设计』这辞。然而,我们若对神圣话语的启示有包罗万有的眼光,就会看见在已过的永远里,神曾设计人要人与祂成为一。
3If we have an all-inclusive view of the entire revelation in the Scriptures, both of the Old Testament and of the New Testament, we shall see that God designed man to be one with Him. God made this design in eternity past. It is a great matter that God designed man to be one with Him. Of course, in the Bible we cannot find the word “design” used with respect to man’s being one with God. Nevertheless, if we have an all-inclusive view of the revelation in the holy Word, we shall see that in eternity past God designed man to be one with Him
4我们可用房屋的设计与建造为例,说明神对人的设计。我们在盖造房子以前,首先需要设计。同样的,圣经里也有神的设计与建造。圣经从始至终有神建造的完整启示。神为著祂的建造有所设计。祂设计要有人,而人应当与祂成为一。
4We may use the designing and building of a house as an illustration of God’s design concerning man. Before we build a house, we first need a design. Likewise, in the Bible we have both God’s design and His building. Throughout the Scriptures we have a complete revelation of God’s building. For His building God had a design. He designed to have man and that man should be one with Him.
人被造是照著神的形像按著神的样式
MAN CREATED IN GOD’SIM AGE and after His likeness
5神根据祂的设计,照著祂的形像,按著祂的样式造人。『神说,我们要照著我们的形像,按著我们的样式造人…神就照著自己的形像造人,乃是照著祂的形像造男造女。』(创一26上,27上。)这两节的两个辞句很叫圣经教师困惑:『照著自己的形像』和『按著我们的样式。』甚么是神的形像?甚么是神的样式?形像与样式有甚么区别?形像与样式为甚么用不同的介系词?换句话说,为甚么圣经说,人是『照著』神的形像,『按著』神的样式造的?圣经为甚么不说,人是按著神的形像,照著神的样式造的?我们若仔细研读圣经,就会注意到形像与样式的区别,也会领悟这区别是很难解释的。
5Based upon His design, God created man in His image and after His likeness. “And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness....So God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him” (Gen. 1:26a, 27a). Two phrases in these verses have troubled teachers of the Bible: “in his own image” and “after our likeness.” What is God’sim age? What is God’s likeness? What is the difference between image and likeness? Why are different prepositions used in relation to image and likeness? In other words, why does the Bible say that man was made in God’sim age but after God’s likeness? Why does it not say that man was made after God’sim age and in His likeness? If we study the Scriptures carefully, we shall be concerned with the difference between image and likeness and also realize that it is difficult to explain this difference
里面的所是与外面的形状
Inward Being and Outward Form
6有些圣经教师说,在创世记一章,形像是指里面的东西,样式是指外面的东西。这是麦敦诺师母(MaryE.Mc)在『神救赎的计画』一书中所作的区分。有人问及形像和样式是甚么意思,她说,『这两个辞不是同义辞;前者特别是指人看不见的部份-里面的人,后者是指看得见的部分,就是外面的人或身体。里面的人被造多少有点像神;我们可以恭敬的说,我们是按著祂造的…。』面是照著神的形像,外面是按著神的的被造不只里面是照著神的形像,外面也是按著神的样式。在创造里,一切别的项目都是「各从其类。」然而人却不是从人的一类,乃是按著神的样式。形像如何是指神里面的所是,照样,样式必是指神外面的形状(form)。』我们可以说,在创世记一章二十六、二十七节,形像是指里面的所是,样式是指外面的彰显。在本篇信息里,我们并不离开已往所说的,但要继续更详细的来看神照著自己的形像造人的意义。
6Some Bible teachers say that in Genesis 1 image refers to something inward, and likeness, to something outward. This is the distinction made by MaryE. McDonough in God’s Plan of Redemption. Asking Donough what is meant by image and likeness, she says, “These two words are not synonymous; the former word refers more especially to the invisible part of man— the inner-man—while the latter indicates the visible part, i.e., the outer-man or body. The inner-man was in some way created like God; we may reverently say, patterned after Him....” was created in the image of God inwardly and after the was created not only in the image of God inwardly, but also after the likeness of God outwardly. All the other items in creation are after ‘their kind.’ Man, however, is not after man’s kind, but after God’s likeness. As image indicates the inward being of God, so likeness must indicate the outward form of God” (pp. 69-70). We may say that in Genesis 1:26 and 27 image refers to the inward being and likeness to the outward expression. In this message, without departing from what we have said in the past, we shall go on to consider in more detail the meaning of God’s creating man in His own image.
神在基督里的具体化身
God’s Embodiment in Christ
7在圣经里,『形像』一辞是用以指神的所是,这可由新约的一些经节加以证明。林后四章四节说,基督本是神的像;歌罗西一章十五节告诉我们,基督是『那不能看见之神的像;』希伯来一章三节启示,基督是『神荣耀的光辉,是神本质的印像。』基督是神的具体化身;既是神的具体化身,祂就是神的像。盛装神而成为神的复制品不仅如此,根据圣经,神的形像与祂的复制有关。创世记一章的『形像,』是为著神得以复制、得以『翻版』在人身上。这就是说,人这样被造,是使人能成为神的复制,神的翻版。神照著自己的形像造人,目的是要人成为祂的复制。
7In the Scriptures the word “image” is used to refer to God’s being. This can be proved by certain New Testament verses. Second Corinthians 4:4 says that Christ is the image of God, Colossians 1:15 tells us that Christ is “the image of the invisible God,” and Hebrews 1:3 reveals that Christ is “the effulgence of His glory and the express image of His substance.” Christ is the very embodiment of God. As God’s embodiment, Christ is God’sim age. Containing God and Becoming His Duplication Furthermore, according to the Bible the image of God is related to His duplication. In Genesis 1 “image” is for God to be duplicated, to be “copied” in man. This means that man was created in such a way that he could become God’s duplication, His copy. God created man in His own image with the intention that man would become His duplication
8神造人的目的既是要人成为祂的复制,而且这目的乃是用『形像』一辞来指明,我们就可以接著说,『形像』一辞含示盛装神的度量。人若没有盛装神的度量,怎能成为神的复制,神的翻版?人要成为神的翻版,就必须有盛装神之所是的度量或能力。这种对神形像的领会,与创世记生命读经所下的定义并不矛盾。神的形像必然是指神里面的所是,接著我们说,神照著祂的形像造人,意思是为著一个目的,要人成为神的复制,而『形像』一辞含示人有度量和能力,将神接受到他里面而盛装神;这样说也并不矛盾。照著神的形像所造的人,乃是被造来作神的容器。人被造既成为这样的容器,就需要有容量接受神作他的内容,并盛装这内容。
8Since God created man for the purpose of man’s becoming His duplication, and since this purpose is indicated by the use of the word image, we may go on to say that the word image implies the capacity to contain God. If man did not have the capacity to contain God, how could he become God’s duplication, His copy? In order for man to be a copy of God, man must have the capacity or ability to contain what God is. This understanding of the image of God does not contradict the definition given in the Life-study of Genesis. To be sure, the image of God does refer to the inward being of God. It is no contradiction of this to go on to say that for God to create man in His image means that God created man with the intention that man would become a duplicate of God, and that the word image implies that man has the capacity and ability to take God into him and to contain Him. The man created in God’sim age was created to be God’s container. Since man was made to be such a container, there was the need for him to have the capacity to receive God as his content and to contain this content
神的显出作神的彰显
the appearance of God for His expression
9我们已经强调这事实:人被造不仅是照著神的形像,也是按著神的样式。『样式』一辞指外面的形状,外面的样子,外面的显出。因此,这里的『样式』是一件彰显的事。首先,人是照著神的形像造的,好成为神的复制品;然后,人是按著神的样式造的,好有神的显出,来作神的彰显。人若只有神的样式,却没有神的形像,这就是说,人只有外面的显出,却没有里面的实际。这样,显出,彰显,就是空虚的。形像是外在彰显的内在实际,样式乃是形像的彰显或外面的显出。腓立比二章七节是新约中与这事有关的经文。我们在这节看见基督成为肉体,成为『人的样式。』这节告诉我们的,不是基督有了神的样式,乃是基督有了人的样式。当祂成为人时,祂有人的显出,人的彰显。然而,这必定不是虚空的彰显,缺少实际的彰显,没有内容的彰显。相反的,基督既有人性的实际,也有人性的彰显,显出。人性的实际乃是基督所取人的样式的内容。
9We have emphasized the fact that man was created not only in God’sim age but also after God’s likeness. The word “likeness” refers to outward form, outward fashion, outward appearance. Hence, “likeness” here is a matter of expression. First, man was made in God’sim age to be a duplicate of God, and then man was made after God’s likeness to have the appearance of God for His expression. If man had only the likeness of God but not the image of God, this would mean that man would have only the outward appearance but not the inward reality. In such a case, the appearance, the expression, would be empty. The image is the inward reality of the outward expression, and the likeness is the expression, or the outward appearance, of the image. Philippians 2:7 is a New Testament verse related to this. In this verse we see that in His incarnation Christ became “in the likeness of men.” This verse tells us not that Christ had the likeness of God but that He had the likeness of men. When He became a man, He had the appearance, the expression, of man. However, this certainly was not an empty expression, an expression devoid of reality, an expression without content. On the contrary, Christ had both the reality of humanity and the expression, the appearance, of humanity. The reality of humanity was the content of the likeness of man that Christ had.
神造人的目的
God’s purpose in creating man
10我们感谢主,引导我们进一步领会神的形像与神的样式。人是照著神的形像,按著神的样式造的,为要作神的复制,使人得以彰显神。复制是照著神的形像,彰显是按著神的样式。
10We thank the Lord for leading us into a further understanding of God’sim age and God’s likeness. Man was created in God’sim age and after God’s likeness in order to be God’s duplication that he may express God. The duplication is in God’sim age, and the expression is after God’s likeness
11我们已经看见,根据圣经,神设计人要人与祂成为一。人要与神成为一,就必须里面有神的形像,外面有神的样式。这是神的设计,在这设计中我们看见神的目的。神造人的目的是甚么?就是要使人成为祂的复制,作祂的彰显;这样,人就可以真正且完全的与神成为一。
11We have seen that, according to the Bible, God designed man to be one with Him. In order to be one with God, man must have God’sim age inwardly and His likeness outwardly. This is God’s design, and in this design we see God’s purpose. What was God’s purpose in creating man? God’s purpose was to make man His duplication for His expression so that man may actually and fully be one with God
神的心意
GOD’SIN TENT I ON
是要作人的生命和内容
TO BE MAN’S LIFE AND CONTENT
12创世记一章二十六、二十七节有容器,却没有内容,内容是在创世记二章。根据创世记二章的记载,神造人以后,豫备了一个园子,将人安置在里面。那里题到两棵树的名字:生命树与善恶知识树。神的心意是要祂所造的人吃生命树的果子而活。但人若吃善恶知识树的果子必定死。人吃了善恶知识树的果子,果真死了。
12In Genesis 1:26 and 27 we have the container but not the content. The content is found in Genesis 2. According to the record in Genesis 2, after God created man, He prepared a garden and placed man in it. Two trees are mentioned by name: the tree of life and the tree of the knowledge of good and evil. God’sin tent i on was that the man created by Him would take of the tree of life and live. But if man took of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, he would die. Man ate of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, and he died.
13我们不能单凭创世记二章领会生命树的意义。我们读整本圣经,会看见生命树象征那是生命的神。譬如,诗篇三十六篇九节说,『在你那里,有生命的源头。』在约翰福音我们看见,神的儿子耶稣来到时,生命在祂里面。(约一4。)主耶稣说,祂是生命;(约十一25;)祂来了,是要叫我们得生命,并且得的更丰盛。(约十。)在歌罗西三章四节保罗说,基督是我们的生命。不仅如此,约壹五章十一、十二节说,『这见证就是神赐给我们永远的生命,这生命也是在祂儿子里面。人有了神的儿子,就有生命。』至终,启示录清楚的说到生命树。在永世里,整座新耶路撒冷城都要得著这棵树的滋养。(启二二1~2,14。)因此,我们思考整本圣经,就看见生命树是象征作人生命的神。神的心意是要祂所造的人作容器,好
13We cannot understand the significance of the tree of life simply by Genesis 2. By reading the entire Bible we see that the tree of life is a symbol of God as life. For example, Psalm 36:9 says, “With thee is the fountain of life.” In the Gospel of John we see that when Jesus, the Son of God, came, life was in Him (John 1:4). The Lord Jesus said that He was life (John 11:25) and that He came that we may have life and have it abundantly (John 10:10). In Colossians 3:4 Paul says that Christ is our life. Furthermore, 10 1 John 5:11 and 12 say, “And this is the testimony, that God gave to us eternal life, and this life is in His Son. He who has the Son has the life.” Finally, the book of Revelation speaks clearly of the tree of life, with which the entire city of New Jerusalem will be nourished in eternity (Rev. 22:1-2, 14). Therefore, by considering the whole Bible we see that the tree of life symbolizes God as man’s life. God’sin tent i on was that the man created by Him as a container would take Him in as his life and content.
14将祂接受到里面,作人的生命和内容。神的形像
14
与神圣的属性
the image of God AND THE DIVINE ATTRIBUTES
15现在我们要进一步看甚么是神的形像。新约告诉我们,神的像就是基督。但我们还需要问,我们该怎样描述神的形像。圣经告诉我们,神是爱,神是光。(约壹四8,一5)爱是神素质的性质,光是神彰显的性质。圣经也启示,神是公义且圣别的。当『公义的』这形容词用于神,意思是指神的法则。神作事的法则总是公义的。祂作事从来不会不义。『圣别的』这形容词是指神里面的性情。神的行事公义,神的性情圣别。因此,神是爱与光,神也是公义的与圣别的。这是对神形像的描述。
15Let us now consider further what God’sim age is. The New Testament tells us that God’sim age is Christ. But still we need to ask how we should describe the image of God. The Bible tells us that God is love and that He is light (1 John 4:8; 1:5). Love is the nature of God’s essence, and light is the nature of God’sex press i on. The Bible also reveals that God is righteous and holy. The adjective “righteous” used with respect to God refers to God’sway. God’sway of doing things is always righteous; He never does anything unrighteously. The adjective “holy” refers to God’sin ward nature. God is righteous in His doings and holy in His nature. Therefore, God is love and light, and God is righteous and holy. This is a description of God’sim age
16我们描述一个人的形像,若只说到他的身高、体重和头发的颜色,是不彀准确的。你要描述一个人的形像,需要说他是那一种人,这就是说,你需要描述他这人的属性,他人格与性情的特征。同样的,我们若要描述神的形像,就需要描述祂的属性。
16In describing the image of a person, it would not be accurate to speak of his height, weight, and hair color. If you would describe a person’sim age, you need to say what kind of person he is. This means that you need to describe his attributes as a person, the characteristics of his personality and temperament. In a similar way, if we would describe the image of God, we need to describe His attributes
17:神的形像可以用这四个字描述:爱、光、义、圣,这些乃是神的属性。因此,当我们用『神圣的属性』一辞,就是用以指神的爱、光、义、圣。我们的神是爱与光,我们的神也是公义与圣别的,这不是对神样式的描述,乃是对神所是的描述。神是爱,就是说,爱是祂的所是。神是光,就是说,光是祂的所是。不仅如此,神的所是在祂的行动上是公义的,在祂的性情上是圣别的。这是我们神的形像,神的描述。这描述的四个特点,就是神的属性。
17God’sim age is depicted by these four words: love, light, righteous, and holy. These are God’s attributes. Hence, when we use the term “divine attributes” we are referring to God’s love, light, righteousness, and holiness. Our God is love and light, and our God is righteous and holy. This is not a description of God’s likeness; it is a description of God’s very being. God is love; that is, love is His being. God is light; that is, light is His being. Furthermore, the being of God is righteous in His acts and holy in His nature. This is the image, the description, of our God. The four main features of this description are God’s attributes
人被造有度量
MAN CREATED WITH THE CAPACITY
盛装神圣的属性
TO CONTAIN THE DIVINE ATTRIBUTES
18人是照著神的形像造的。因此,神所造的人有爱、有光,也有度量成为公义的与圣别的。即使人堕落了,人在堕落的光景里仍有爱、有光,也有度量像神那样公义且圣别。神照著自己的形像造人,这就是说,神造人有度量,能有神的爱、光、义、圣。人的爱、光、义、圣,就是我们所称的人性美德。这些美德是神所造的。
18Man was made in God’sim age. The man created by God, therefore, has love, light, and the capacity to be righteous and holy. Even though we are fallen, we still have in our fallen condition love, light, and the capacity to be right and to be holy like God. For God to create man in His own image means that God created man with the capacity to have His love, light, righteousness, and holiness. Human love, light, righteousness, and holiness are what we call the human virtues. These virtues were created by God
19神照著自己的形像这样造人,使人有度量盛装神的爱、光、义、圣。人性美德乃是神所造的,用以盛装神的属性。人性的爱、光、义、圣是受造的度量,用以盛装神圣的爱、光、义、圣。普世的人都同意,恨人是违背我们良心的。不仅如此,说谎、偷窃、在黑暗中行事,也是违背我们良心的。甚至未得救的人收了饭馆或商店多找的钱,也会有不义的感觉。
19God created man in His own image in such a way that man has the capacity to contain God’s love, light, righteousness, and holiness. The human virtues were created by God to contain His attributes. Human love, light, righteousness, and holiness are created capacities to contain the divine love, light, righteousness, and holiness. People everywhere agree that hating others is contrary to our conscience. Furthermore, it is also contrary to our conscience to lie, steal, and do things in darkness. Even an unsaved person may have the sense that it would be unrighteous to keep extra change given to him by mistake in a restaurant or store
20这里的要点是,人被神所造,有爱有光,行事公义,为人圣别。人有这些美德,因为人是照著神的形像,就是照著神爱、光、义、圣的形像造的。神所造的人性美德,乃是盛装神属性的度量。神这样造人,目的就是要人接受神作生命树,作人的生命和内容。
20The point here is that man was made by God to have love and light and to walk righteously and to be holy. Man has these virtues because he was created in God’sim age, in the image of God’s love, light, righteousness, and holiness. The human virtues created by God are the capacity to contain God’s attributes. God created man in this way with the intention that man would take Him as the tree of life to be his life and content.
亚当没有成为神人
ADAM’S FAILURE TO BECOME A GOD-MAN
21亚当若吃了生命树的果子,因而将神接受到里面作生命,他就要被神充满,他的人性美德也就要被神的属性充满。那样人的美德就要彰显神的属性。亚当若这样作了,他必然成了神人。那就不需要再等几千年,才有一位神人生于伯利恒。亚当若在园子里有分于生命树,他就不仅成了神照著祂自己的形像,按著祂自己的样式所造的人,也成了充满神作生命,又有神圣属性充满他人性美德的人。亚当若成为这样的人,一个神人,他就是一个活神的人。
21If Adam had eaten of the tree of life and thereby had taken God into him as life, he would have been filled with God, and his human virtues would have been filled with God’s attributes. Then man’s virtues would have expressed God’s attributes. If Adam had done this, he certainly would have become a God-man. There would not have been the need to wait thousands of years for a God-man to be born in Bethlehem. If Adam in the garden had partaken of the tree of life, he would have become not only a man made by God in His own image and after His own likeness, but also a man filled with God as his life and with the divine attributes filling his human virtues. If Adam had become such a person, a God-man, he would have been a man living God
22我们知道亚当没有达成神的目的,他破坏了神的设计。神照著祂的设计造了亚当,却因亚当吃了善恶如识树的果子,没有吃生命树的果子,就破坏了神的设计。神所造的人性遭了破坏,就一面说,也是丧失了。然而,我们在下篇信息会看见,人救主成为肉体,达成了神造人的目的。
22As we know, Adam failed to fulfill God’s purpose, and he spoiled God’s design. God had made Adam according to His design. But because Adam ate of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil instead of the tree of life, he spoiled God’s design. The humanity created by God was damaged and, in a sense, lost. However, as we shall see in the following message, the Man-Savior’sin carnation fulfilled God’s purpose in the creation of man