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路加福音生命读经 · 第9篇

对在人性里带著神性之人救主的豫备（七）

The Preparation Of The Man-Savior In His Humanity With His Divinity (7
1读经：路加福音3:23—4:13。在本篇信息里，我们要看人救主的身分与祂的试验。（路三23～四13。）
1Scripture Reading: Luke 3:23—4:13 In this message we shall consider the status and the test of the Man-Savior (3:23—4:13
祂的身分
HIS STATUS
2在三章二十三至三十八节，我们看见人救主的身分。二十三节说，『耶稣开始尽职的时候，约有三十岁。依人看来，祂是约瑟的儿子，约瑟是希里的儿子。』三十岁是到了事奉神的年龄。（民四3，35，39～40，43～44，47～48。）
2In 3:23-38 we see the status of the Man-Savior. Verse 23 says, “And Jesus Himself, when beginning His ministry, was about thirty years old, being, as was supposed, the son of Joseph, the son of Heli.” Thirty was the full age for God’s service (Num. 4:3, 35, 39, 43, 47
包罗万有之基督的四方面
Four Aspects of the All-inclusive Christ
3约翰福音，就是神救主的福音，其记载从神开始而来到人，（约一1，14，）著重祂的神性，证明祂神人二性的身分。路加福音，就是人救主的福音，其家谱从人开始回溯到神，（路三23，38，）强调祂的人性，证实祂人神二性的身分。
3The record of John’s Gospel, the Gospel of the God- Savior, begins from God and comes to man (John 1:1, 14). That Gospel emphasizes His divinity in order to attest to His divine-human status. The genealogy of Luke’s Gospel, the Gospel of the Man-Savior, begins from man and traces back to God (vv. 23, 38). This Gospel emphasizes His humanity to affirm His human-divine status
4基督是圣经的奇妙中心，包罗万有，具备多面。新约开始有四本传记，描绘这位包罗万有之基督主要的四方面。马太福音见证祂是君王，是旧约所豫言神的基督，将诸天的国带到地上。马可福音告诉我们，祂是神的奴仆，为神忠心劳苦。马可的叙述最简要，因为奴仆不需要详细的记载。路加福音提供一幅完整的图画，描绘祂是地上所活过惟一正确并正常的人，因此祂是人类的救主。约翰福音揭示祂是神的儿子，就是神自己，作了神子民的生命。这四卷福音书，马太和路加记载祂的家谱，马可和约翰没有记载。马太要见证耶稣是君王，是旧约所豫言神的基督，就需要给我们看见这位君王的祖先和身分，证明祂是大卫王位合法的继承人。路加要证明耶稣是一正确并正常的人，就需要展示这人的谱系，证实祂有资格作人类的救主。马可是记载一个奴仆，所以无须说出祂的出身。约翰要揭示耶稣是神，也无须将祂为人的家谱告诉我们；反之，他宣告耶稣是神的话，是那太初就有的神。
4Christ as the wonderful center of the Bible is all - inclusive, having many aspects. The New Testament at its beginning presents four biographies to portray the four main aspects of this all-inclusive Christ. The Gospel of Matthew testifies that He is the King, the Christ of God according to the prophecies of the Old Testament, the One who brings the kingdom of the heavens to earth. The Gospel of Mark presents Him as the Slave of God, the One who labors for God faithfully. Mark’s account is most simple, for a slave does not need a detailed record. The Gospel of Luke presents a full picture of Christ as the only proper and normal man who ever lived on earth, and thus the Savior of mankind. The Gospel of John unveils Him as the Son of God, the very God Himself, to be life to God’s people. Among the four Gospels, Matthew and Luke have a record of genealogies; Mark and John do not. To testify that Jesus is the King, the Christ of God prophesied in the Old Testament, Matthew needs to show us the antecedents and status of this King, proving that He is the proper successor to the throne of David. To prove that Jesus is a proper and normal Man, Luke needs to show the generations of this Man, attesting that He is qualified to be the Savior of mankind. For the record of a slave, Mark does not need to tell us His origin. To unveil that Jesus is the very God, neither does John need to give us a human genealogy. Rather, John declares that as the Word of God He is the very God in the beginning.
两个家谱
Two Genealogies
5在路加三章二十三至三十八节，人救主的家谱是从耶稣回溯到亚当。三十八节说，『该南是以挪士的儿子，以挪士是塞特的儿子，塞特是亚当的儿子，亚当是神的儿。』有基督作其君王的国，乃是由亚伯拉罕肉身的后裔，和他信心的后裔所组成的。因此马太所记基督的家谱，始于蒙召族类之父亚伯拉罕，而不始于受造族类之父亚当。神的国不是以亚当受造的族类建立的，乃是以亚伯拉罕蒙召的族类建立的，其中包括真以色列人（罗九6～8）和在基督里的信徒。（加三7，9，29。）路加记载耶稣的家谱，为了证明祂是一个正确的人，彀作人类的救主，所以追溯到人类第一代亚当。
5In 3:23-38 the Man-Savior’s genealogy is traced backwards from Jesus to Adam. Verse 38 says, “The son of Enosh, the son of Seth, the son of Adam, the son of God.” The kingdom, of which Christ is the King, is composed of Abraham’s descendants, including both his descendants in the flesh and those in faith. For this reason, the genealogy of Christ in Matthew begins with Abraham, the father of the called race, not with Adam, the father of the created race. God’skin gdom is built not with the created race of Adam, but with the called race of Abraham, including both the real Israelites (Rom. 9:6-8) and the believers in Christ (Gal. 3:7, 9, 29). To prove that Jesus is a proper Man to be the Savior of mankind by relating His genealogy, Luke traces back to Adam, the first generation of mankind
6路加三章二十八节用『神的儿子』说到亚当，这意思不是说，亚当是由神而生，有神的生命；正如『约瑟的儿子』不是指耶稣是约瑟生的，乃是依人看来，祂是约瑟的儿子。（路三。）亚当是神所造的，（创五1～2，）神是他的来源。基于这点，人认为他是神的儿子。甚至外邦的诗人，也认为全人类都是神的族类。（徒十七28。）他们只是神所创造的，不是神所重生的；就著内里的素质说，这与在基督里的信徒是神的儿子，绝对不同。信徒已经由神而生，得了重生，并有神的生命和性情。（约一12～13，三16，彼后一4。）
6The phrase “son of God” used with respect to Adam in Luke 3:38 does not mean that Adam was born of God and possessed the life of God, just as “the son of Joseph” does not mean that Jesus was born of Joseph, but that it was supposed that He was the son of Joseph (v. 23). Adam was created by God (Gen. 23 5:1-2), and God was his origin. Based upon this, it may be said that he was the son of God, even as the heathen poets considered all mankind to be the offspring of God (Acts 17:28). They were only created by God, not regenerated of Him. This is absolutely and intrinsically different from the believers in Christ being the sons of God. They have been born, regenerated, of God and possess God’s life and nature (John 1:12-13; 3:16; 2 Pet. 1:4).
神、亚当、亚伯拉罕、耶稣
God, Adam, Abraham, and Jesus
7从耶稣（路三23）回溯到神，共有七十七代，乃是神创造，人堕落，神应许，人得救的历史：由于神，人被造了；（路三38，创一26～27，二7；）在亚当里，人堕落了；（路三38，创三；）藉著亚伯拉罕，人领受了神的应许；（路三34，创十二1～3；）在那是基督的耶稣里，
7From Jesus (Luke 3:23) back to God are seventy-seven generations of the history of God’s creation, man’s fall, God’s promise, and man’ss alvation: of God man was created (v. 38; Gen. 1:26-27; 2:7); in Adam man became fallen (v. 38; Gen. 3); through Abraham man received God’s promise (v. 34; Gen. 12:1-3); and in Jesus who is Christ man is saved (v. 23; 2:10-11
8人得救了。（路三23，二10～11。）
8
9我们需要对这个事实有深刻的印象：马太福音中主耶稣的家谱是始于亚伯拉罕，往前直达到基督，而路加福音的家谱是从耶稣回溯到神。在路加的家谱里，有四个名称特别显著：神、亚当、亚伯拉罕、耶稣。我们被神所造，在亚当里堕落了，在亚伯拉罕里领受了神的应许，并在那是基督的耶稣里得救了。因此，我们受造，堕落，领受应许，并且得救了。为著神、亚伯拉罕和耶稣，我们能彀赞美主。我们被神所造，在亚当里堕落以后，在亚伯拉罕里领受了神救恩的应许。然后在那是基督的耶稣里，我们得救了。这是我们人救主之家谱的摘要。
9We need to be impressed with the fact that the genealogy of the Lord Jesus in Matthew begins with Abraham and comes down to Christ, whereas the genealogy in Luke traces backward from Jesus to God. In Luke’s genealogy four names are especially striking: God, Adam, Abraham, and Jesus. We were created by God, we became fallen in Adam, we received God’s promise in Abraham, and we were saved in Jesus who is Christ. Therefore, we were created, we became fallen, we received the promise, and we have been saved. We can praise the Lord for God, Abraham, and Jesus. After we were created by God and became fallen in Adam, we received the promise of God’s salvation in Abraham. Then in Jesus, who is Christ, we have been saved. This is a summary of the genealogy of our Man-Savior.
10我们的人救主不仅是客观的来拯救我们，祂乃是与我们联合来拯救我们。在祂里面，神亲自与人联合。这家谱开始于人，结束于神。太奇妙了！因为主的家谱开始于人，结束于神，经过亚伯拉罕和亚当，这实在是独一无二的。我们可以说，主的家谱和身分也是我们的家谱和身分。我们被神所造，在亚当里堕落了，在亚伯拉罕里领受了应许，并在那是基督的耶稣里得救了。主曾在神里面，在亚当里面，在亚伯拉罕里面；我们也在神、亚当、亚伯拉罕里面；现今我们在耶稣，我们的人救主里面。
10Our Man-Savior did not come to save us merely in an objective way. Rather, He came to save us by joining Himself to us. In Him we have God joining Himself with man. This genealogy begins with a man and ends with God. How wonderful! Because the Lord’s genealogy begins with man and ends with God, passing through Abraham and Adam, it is truly unique. We may say that the Lord’s genealogy and status are also ours. We were created by God, we became fallen in Adam, we received the promise in Abraham, and we have been saved in Jesus, who is Christ. The Lord was in God, in Adam, and in Abraham. We also were in God, Adam, and Abraham, and now we are in Jesus, our Man-Savior
祂的试验受灵引导
HIS TEST Led by the Spirit
114:1四章一至十三节有人救主的试验。路加四章一节说，『耶稣满有圣灵，从约但河回来，被那灵引到旷野，4:1四十天受魔鬼的试诱。』马太四章一节告诉我们，主耶稣被那灵引到旷野受试诱。为人的耶稣在水里受浸，并受神的灵所膏之后，就照著那灵的引导行动。首先，那灵引导受膏的人救主受魔鬼的试诱。这试诱是个考验，以证明祂有资格作人救主。魔鬼，原文意控告者、毁谤者。（启十二9～10。）魔鬼，就是撒但，在神面前控告我们，又在人面前毁谤我们。
11In 4:1-13 we have the test of the Man-Savior. Luke says, “And Jesus, full of the Holy Spirit, returned from the Jordan, and was led by the Spirit in the wilderness forty days, being tempted by the Devil.” Matthew tells us that the Lord Jesus was led by the Spirit into the wilderness to be tempted. After being baptized in water and anointed with the Spirit of God, Jesus as a Man moved according to the leading of the Spirit. First of all, the Spirit led the anointed Man-Savior to be tempted by the Devil. This temptation was a test to prove that He was qualified to be the Man-Savior. The Greek word translated “Devil” is diabolos, meaning accuser, slanderer (Rev. 12:9-10). The Devil, who is Satan, accuses us before God and slanders us before men.
12主耶稣在马太六章十三节教导门徒祷告说，『不叫我们陷入试诱。』但是主被圣灵引到旷野，好受魔鬼的试诱。主耶稣是刚强的，能彀抵挡试诱；我们却相反，完全不能抵挡试诱。我们不该骄傲，以为我们因为有了素质的灵和经纶的灵，现在就能抵挡试诱。这种思想指明我们不认识自己。惟有主耶稣能经得起神仇敌的试诱。当祂在地上的时候，祂既完美又刚强。因此，圣灵，就是临到人的神，引导这位完美的人受试诱，为要击败神的仇敌。藉著人救主受试验，神能给祂的仇敌，撒但魔鬼看见，有一个能抵挡试诱的人。圣灵绝不会引导我们受魔鬼的试诱，因为我们无法抵挡撒但的试诱。即使我们已经重生了，也有一点成圣并变化，但我们无法抵挡那恶者的试诱。因此我们需要祷告说，『父阿，不叫我陷入试诱。』不管我们觉得自己多刚强，实际上我们是软弱的，经不起撒但的试诱。在这宇宙中，惟一具有能抵挡神仇敌试诱之人性的，就是主耶稣，我们的人救主。
12In Matthew 6:13 the Lord Jesus taught the disciples to pray, “Do not bring us into trial.” The Lord, however, was led by the Holy Spirit into the wilderness in order that He might be tempted by the Devil. The Lord Jesus was strong, and He could withstand temptation. We, on the contrary, are not able to withstand temptation at all. We should not be proud, thinking that because we have the essential Spirit and the economical Spirit we are now able to withstand temptation. Such a thought indicates that we do not know ourselves. The Lord Jesus is the only One who can stand the temptation of God’se ne my. When He was on earth, He was perfect and strong. Therefore, the Holy Spirit, who is God reaching man, led this perfect Man into temptation in order to defeat God’se ne my. Through the testing of the Man-Savior, God was able to show His enemy, Satan, the Devil, that there is a Man who can withstand temptation. The Holy Spirit will never lead us to be tempted by the Devil, because we are not able to withstand Satan’s temptation. Even though we have been regenerated and to some extent sanctified and transformed, we nevertheless are not able to withstand the temptation of the evil one. Therefore we need to pray, “O Father, do not lead me into temptation.” No matter how strong we may feel, we actually are weak and cannot stand Satan’s temptation. The only One in this universe with the humanity that can withstand the temptation of God’se ne my is the Lord Jesus, our Man-Savior.
站在人的地位上面对魔鬼
Standing as a Man before the Devil
13按照路加四章三节，魔鬼对主耶稣说，『你若是神的儿子，就叫这块石头变成饼罢。』耶稣回答说，『经上记著，「人活著不是单靠食物。」新受膏的人救主四十天之久没有吃甚么。（路四1～2。）祂虽然站在人的立场上，但祂也是神的儿子，就如父神在祂受浸时所宣告的。（路三21～22。）主耶稣要完成祂的职事，就必须以人的身分击败神的仇敌，就是魔鬼，撒但。因此，祂站在人的地位上，面对神的仇敌。魔鬼知道这事，就来试诱祂，要祂离开人的地位，自居神儿子的地位。四十天前，父神从天上宣告祂是父的爱子。那狡猾的试诱者，就以父神的宣告作根据，试诱主耶稣。如果主在仇敌面前，自居神儿子的地位，就会失去击败仇敌的立场。
13According to Luke 4:3, the Devil said to the Lord Jesus, “If You are the Son of God, speak to this stone that it may become bread.” Jesus replied, “It is written, Man shall not live on bread alone.” The newly anointed Man- Savior had not eaten anything for forty days (vv. 1-2). Although He stood on the ground of a man, He was also the Son of God, as God the Father had declared at His baptism (3:21-22). For the Lord Jesus to accomplish His ministry, He had to defeat God’se ne my, the Devil, Satan. This He had to do as a Man. Hence, He stood as a Man to confront the enemy of God. The Devil, knowing this, tempted Him to leave the standing of man and assume His position as the Son of God. Forty days before, God the Father declared from the heavens that Jesus was the beloved Son of the Father. The subtle tempter took that declaration as the ground to tempt the Lord Jesus. If the Lord assumed His position as the Son of God before the enemy, He would have lost the standing to defeat him
14把石头变成饼，必定是个神迹。那是魔鬼所题议的试诱。许多时候，想在某种情况中行神迹，乃是从魔鬼来的试诱。魔鬼对头一个人亚当的试诱，与吃的事有关，（创三1～6，）现在对第二个人基督的试诱，也与吃的事有关。吃总是魔鬼用以陷害人的圈套，叫人受到切身的试诱。
14To cause a stone to become bread would certainly have been a miracle. That was proposed by the Devil as a temptation. Many times the thought of having a miracle performed in certain situations is a temptation from the Devil. The Devil’s temptation of the first man, Adam, concerned the matter of eating (Gen. 3:1-6). Now his temptation of the second Man, Christ, also concerned the matter of eating. Eating is a trap used by the Devil to snare man.
15魔鬼试诱人救主，要祂站在神儿子的地位上。但主耶稣回答说，『人活著不是单靠食物。』这指明祂是站在人的地位上对付仇敌。鬼称耶稣为神的儿子，（太八29，）但邪灵不承认耶稣是在肉体里来的，（约壹四3，）因为牠们一承认耶稣是人，就是承认自己失败了。鬼虽然承认耶稣是神的儿子，魔鬼却不让人相信祂是神的儿子，因为人一旦这样信，我必得救。（约二十31。）
15The Devil tempted the Man-Savior to take His position as the Son of God. But the Lord Jesus answered by saying, “Man shall not live on bread alone.” This indicates that He stood in the position of man to deal with the enemy. The demons addressed Jesus as the Son of God (Matt. 8:29), but the evil spirits do not confess that Jesus Christ has come in the flesh (1 John 4:3), because in confessing Jesus as a Man they admit they are defeated. Although the demons confess Jesus as the Son of God, the Devil does not want people to believe He is the Son of God, because in so believing they will be saved (John 20:31
单单敬拜事奉神
Worshipping and Serving God Only
16路加四章五至七节说，『魔鬼又领祂上了高山，霎时间将天下万国都指给祂看。魔鬼对祂说，这一切权柄及荣耀，我都要给你；因为这原是交付我的，我愿意给谁就给谁。所以你若在我面前下拜，这一切就都是你的了。』魔鬼告诉主耶稣，天下万国原是交付他的。这必定发生在亚当以前的世代。这里魔鬼的话指明，当神膏天使长作亚当以前世代的首领时，（结二八13～14，）地上国度的权柄和荣耀必已交付了他。主在约翰十二章三十一节的话证实这一点。等到天使长背叛神，成了神的仇敌撒但，他就受到神的审判；（赛十四12～；）但神在他身上审判的完全执行，要到千年国结束时才完成。（启二十7～10。）因此，在那时以前，他仍然有权柄管理地上的万国。他要把这一切权柄及其荣耀给主耶稣，藉此试诱祂。这邪恶的题议被神的基督拒绝了，但在今世的末了，却要被敌基督，那不法的人（帖后二3～4）所接受，（启十三4，）以执行他抵挡神的邪恶诡计。在路加四章八节，主回答魔鬼的试诱说，『经上记著，「当拜主你的神，单要事奉祂。」』人救主站在人的立场上敬拜神，单要事奉神，藉以击败魔鬼。为利敬拜或事奉神以外的任何事物，总是魔鬼的试诱，要取得人的敬拜。
16Luke 4:5-7 says, “And he led Him up and showed Him all the kingdoms of the inhabited earth in a moment of time. And the Devil said to Him, To You I will give all this authority and their glory, because to me it has been delivered, and to whomever I want I give it. If You therefore worship before me, it shall all be Yours.” The Devil told the Lord Jesus that the kingdoms of the inhabited earth had been delivered to him. This must have taken place in the preadamic age. The Devil’s word here indicates that when God anointed the Archangel to be the head of the preadamic age (Ezek. 28:13-14), the authority and glory of the kingdom of the earth must have been given to him. The Lord’s word in John 12:31 confirms this. After Satan rebelled against God and became God’se ne my, he was judged by God (Isa. 14:12-15), but the full execution of God’s 15 judgment upon him will not be completed until the end of the millennium (Rev. 20:7-10). Hence, before that time he still has authority over the kingdoms of the earth. He tempted the Lord Jesus by offering this authority and its glory to Him. His evil offer was rejected by God’s Christ, but it will be accepted by the Antichrist, the man of lawlessness (2 Thes. 2:3-4), at the end of this age (Rev. 13:4) to execute his evil wiles against God. In Luke 4:8 we have the Lord’s answer to the Devil’s temptation: “It is written, You shall worship the Lord your God, and Him alone you shall serve.” The Man- Savior defeated the Devil by standing on the ground of man to worship and serve God only. To worship or serve anything other than God for gain is always the Devil’s temptation to secure worship.
拒绝证实祂是神的儿子
Refusing to Demonstrate That He Is the Son of God
17路加四章九至十一节有魔鬼对人救主的第三个试诱：『魔鬼又领祂到耶路撒冷，叫祂站在殿翼上，对祂说，你若是神的儿子，就从这里跳下去罢；因为经上记著，「主要为你吩咐祂的使者保护你，他们要用手托看你，免得你的脚碰在石头上。」』但耶稣回答他说，『经上说，「不可试探主你的神。」』（路四12。）
17In Luke 4:9-11 we have the Devil’s third temptation of the Man-Savior: “And he led Him into Jerusalem and set Him on the wing of the temple, and said to Him, If You are the Son of God, throw Yourself down from here; for it is written, To His angels He will give a charge concerning You to protect You, and, On their hands they will lift You up, lest at any time You strike Your foot against a stone.” But Jesus answered and said to him, “It is said, You shall not tempt the Lord your God” (v. 12
18这试诱与宗教有关。魔鬼试诱人救主，要祂从殿翼上跳下去，以证实祂是神的儿子。但主耶稣不需要作这事。这试诱是要祂表现自己是神的儿子，能行神迹。想在宗教里行神迹的念头，都是魔鬼的试诱。
18This temptation is related to religion. The Devil tempted the Man-Savior to demonstrate from the wing of the temple that He is the Son of God. But there was no need for the Lord Jesus to do this. This was a temptation to show that as the Son of God He was able to act miraculously. The thought of doing things miraculously in religion is a temptation of the Devil
指明最高标准的道德
An Indication of the Highest Standard of Morality
19在路加福音里，试诱的次序与在马太福音的不同。路加的次序与最高标准的道德有关。不仅如此，路加将敬拜魔鬼以交换天下万国的试诱，陈述得较为详尽。这也指明最高标准的道德。假定天下万国连同其权柄和荣耀都给你，你会怎么作？我想我们没有一个人能抗拒这个试诱。然而，人救主，在最高标准道德里生活的那一位，不为任何事物所诱惑或打动。惟有在最高标准道德里的生活，就是神圣属性彰显于人性美德的生活，才能抵挡这样的试诱。我题到这点，是要再次指出，路加的记载不断强调最高标准的道德。
19In the Gospel of Luke the sequence of the temptations is different from that in the Gospel of Matthew. The sequence in Luke is related to the highest standard of morality. Furthermore, in Luke the temptation to worship the Devil in exchange for the kingdoms of the earth is given in more detail. This also indicates the highest standard of morality. Suppose you were offered all the kingdoms of the inhabited earth with their authority and glory. What would you do? I do not think any of us would be able to resist this temptation. However, the Man-Savior, the One who lived in the highest standard of morality, could not be seduced or moved by anything. Only a life in the highest standard of morality, that is, a life in which the divine attributes are expressed in the human virtues, can withstand such a temptation. I mention this to point out again that Luke’s record continually emphasizes the highest standard of morality
魔鬼离开人救主
The Devil Leaving the Man-Savior
20在四章一至十三节，人救主对抗那试诱者，并且赢得胜利。那试诱者被击败，就离开了祂。四章十三节论到这事说，『魔鬼用完了各样的试诱，就离开耶稣，等另一时机。』这指明魔鬼要另找时间，在他看为适当的时机，一再的回来试诱耶稣。（太十六22～23，约八40，路二二，约六70～71。）魔鬼离开耶稣，但不是永久的：他离开，乃是要等另一时机。
20In 4:1-13 the Man - Savior stood against the tempter and won the victory. The tempter was defeated and left Him. Concerning this, 4:13 says, “And when the Devil had concluded every temptation, he went away from Him until an opportune time.” This indicates that the Devil would seek for another time and would come back to tempt Him again and again at any time he saw fit (Matt. 16:22-23; John 8:40; Luke 22:53; John 6:70-71). The Devil went away from the Lord Jesus, but he 53 did not leave Him permanently. Instead, he went away until an opportune time.