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哥林多前书生命读经 · 第49篇

主的筵席（一）

The Lord’s Table (1)
1读经：哥林多前书十章十四至二十二节。在林前十章十四至二十二节，保罗说到保守主的筵席脱离拜偶像。在十四至十八节，他说到主的血和主的身体的交通，在十九至二十二节，他说到主的筵席和鬼的筵席的分别。
1Scripture Reading: 1 Cor. 10:14-22 In 10:14-22 Paul speaks about keeping the Lord’stable from idolatry. In verses 14 through 18 he speaks of the fellowship of the Lord’s blood and body, and in verses 19 through 22, the separation of the Lord’stable from the table of demons
2逃避拜偶像的事在十四节保罗说，『所以，我所亲爱的，你们要逃避拜偶像的事。』本节开始的『所以』这辞，指明下段直到
2FLEEING IDOLATRY In verse 14 Paul says, “Wherefore, my beloved, flee from idolatry.” The word “wherefore” at the beginning of this verse indicates that the following section to verse
3三十节，乃是前段的结论。前段是从
330 is a conclusion to the preceding section, from 8:1
4八章一节开始，论到吃祭偶像之物。拜偶像的事，原文指与吃祭偶像之物有关的拜偶像的事。
4concerning eating sacrifices to idols. Literally, the Greek words rendered idolatry are “the idolatry,” referring to the idolatry involved in eating sacrifices to idols
5在保罗对圣言的领会里，他能看透物质的事物，看透白纸黑字，并看见基督。例如，在十章四节他说到物质的磐石就是基督。这指明在这磐石里，他看见基督。同样的原则，保罗所说拜偶像的事这辞，不仅仅是指雕刻的偶像，乃是指更广阔、更包罗的事。我们会看见，这里拜偶像的事含示了许多意思。在十五节保罗继续说，『我好像对精明人说的，你们要审断我所说的。』保罗期望读者不要止于白纸黑字，乃要探入他所说的，然后研究、辨明并审断。他要他们谨慎的察验并审断他所说的。
5In his understanding of the holy Word, Paul is able to see through the physical things and through the black and white letters and to see Christ. For example, in 10:4 he speaks of a physical rock as Christ. This indicates that in this rock he sees Christ. In the same principle, by the word idolatry Paul does not merely mean graven images, but something much broader and more inclusive. As we shall see, idolatry here implies a great deal. In verse 15 Paul continues, “I speak as to prudent men; you judge what I say.” Paul expected that the readers would not stop at the black and white letters, but dig into what he says and then investigate, discern, and judge it. He wanted them to carefully examine and judge what he was saying
血和身体的交通
FELLOWSHIP OF THE BLOOD AND BODY
6在十六节保罗忽然说到福杯：『我们所祝福的福杯，岂不是基督之血的交通么？我们所擘开的饼，岂不是基督身体的交通么？』表面看来，十五节和十六节之间没有正确、流畅的延续。保罗不作任何转折，就开始说到福杯，指明这杯是基督之血的交通。他也说到饼，指明这饼是基督身体的交通。我们不该将本节视为理所当然，自以为领会，事实上我们若有所领会，也领会得非常少。我们需要研究『基督之血的交通』和『基督身体的交通』的意义。
6In verse 16 Paul suddenly speaks of the cup of blessing: “The cup of blessing which we bless, is it not a fellowship of the blood of Christ? The bread which we break, is it not a fellowship of the body of Christ?” Apparently there is no flow of proper continuation between verses 15 and 16. Without any transition, Paul begins to speak of the cup of blessing, indicating that it is a fellowship of the blood of Christ. He also speaks concerning the bread, indicating that it is a fellowship of the body of Christ. We should not take this verse for granted, assuming that we understand it when we actually understand very little, if anything. We need to investigate the meaning of the expressions “a fellowship of the blood of Christ” and “a fellowship of the body of Christ.”
7交通，原文的意思也是一同有分。这里的交通，是指信徒一同有分于基督的血和身体的交通。这使我们这些有分于主的血和身体的人，不仅彼此是一，也与主是一。我们这些有分的人，在主血和主身体的交通中，得以与主联合为一。使徒这里的意思，是要说明吃喝如何使吃喝的人，与他们所吃所喝的成为一。哥林多人都当晓得，他们滥吃祭偶像之物，实际上使他们与祭物后面的鬼成为一。
7The Greek word rendered fellowship also means joint participation. Fellowship here refers to the believer’s communion in the joint participation in the blood and body of Christ. This makes us, the participants of the Lord’s blood and body, not only one with one another, but also one with the Lord. We, the participants, make ourselves identified with the Lord in the fellowship of His blood and body. The apostle’s though there is to illustrate how eating and drinking make the eaters and drinkers one with what they eat and drink. The Corinthians should realize that their abusive eating of idol sacrifices actually makes them one with the demons behind the sacrifices
一个饼，一个身体
ONE BREAD, ONE BODY
8在十七节保罗有力的说到一个饼和一个身体：『因著只有一个饼，我们虽多，还是一个身体，因我们都分受这一个饼。』这一个饼，乃是象征基督那是一的身体。我们众人是这一个身体，因为我们都分受这一个饼。我们一同分受这一个饼，使我们众人成为一。这指明我们有分于基督，就使我们众人成为祂的一个身体。我们众人所分受的这位基督，把我们构成祂的一个身体。分受（即吃─28～30）这一个饼，使我们与这饼联合为一。这指明我们有分于基督、享受基督，使我们与祂联合为一，与祂成为一。
8In verse 1 7 Paul speaks a strong word concerning the one bread and the one Body: “Seeing that we who are many are one bread, one Body; for we all partake of the one bread.” We are all one bread, one Body, because we all partake of the one bread. Our joint partaking of the one bread makes us all one. This indicates that our partaking of Christ makes us all His one Body. The very Christ of whom we all partake constitutes us into His one Body. Partaking of the one bread, that is, eating of it (vv. 28-30), identifies us with it. This means that our partaking of Christ, our enjoyment of Christ, identifies us with Him, making us one with Him
祭坛与筵席
THE ALTAR AND THE TABLE
9在十八节保罗又说到以色列人：『你们看那按著肉体是以色列人的，那些吃祭物的，岂不是与祭坛交通的人么？』我们看过，在十章一至十三节，保罗陈明以色列人作今天信徒的豫表。我们不该以为十章其余的部分，与一至十三节里以色列人的豫表无关。反之，本章第二段乃是第一段的延续，与第一段不是分开的。与祭坛交通的人，或，同享祭坛的人。那些吃祭坛上祭物的人，不仅彼此交通，并与祭坛交通，也是他们所吃之物的同享者。他们有分于所吃的，使他们与祭坛上的祭物成为一。祭坛既是献给神之祭物的根据，吃祭坛上的祭物，就使吃的人成为与祭坛交通、同享祭坛的人。这也说明吃如何使吃的人，与所吃的成为一。吃祭偶像之物也是一样，使吃的人与祭物背后的鬼联合为一。
9In verse 18 Paul again refers to Israel: “Look at Israel according to the flesh; are not those who eat the sacrifices fellowshippers of the altar?” We have seen that in 10:1-13 Paul presents Israel as a type of the believers today. We should not think that the remainder of chapter ten has nothing to do with the type of Israel in verses 1 through 13. On the contrary, the second portion of this chapter is a continuation of the first portion; it is not separate from it. The Greek word translated fellowshippers also means joint participants. Those who eat the sacrifices of the altar are not only fellowshippers with one another and with the altar, but also joint participants of what they eat. Their participation in what they eat makes them one with the sacrifices of the altar. Since the altar is the base of the sacrifices offered to God, eating the sacrifices of the altar makes the eaters its fellowshippers, its joint participants. This also illustrates the fact that eating makes the eater one with what he eats. Eating sacrifices to idols does the same: it identifies the eaters with the demons behind the sacrifices.
10保罗在十八节的意思必定是：祭坛的交通豫表基督的血和身体的交通。简单的说，牠豫表主筵席的交通。因此，与祭坛交通的人豫表与主的筵席交通的人。以色列人有祭坛，但我们有筵席。祭坛上有祭物，筵席上有血和身体。一个是豫表，另一个是应验。以色列人围绕祭坛交通，而我们围绕筵席交通。
10In verse 18 Paul surely means that the fellowship of the altar is a type of the fellowship of the blood and body of Christ. To put it simply, it is a type of the fellowship of the Lord’stable. Hence, the fellowshippers of the altar are types of the fellowshippers of the Lord’stable. Israel had an altar, but we have a table. On the altar there were the offerings; on the table there are the blood and the body. The one is the type, and the other is the fulfillment. Whereas the children of Israel were fellowshipping around the altar, we are fellowshipping around the table
偶像与鬼
IDOLS AND DEMONS
11在十九至二十节保罗说，『这样，我是怎么说的？岂是说祭偶像之物算得甚么？或是说偶像算得甚么？我乃是说，外邦人所献的祭，是祭鬼，不是祭神；我不愿意你们成为与鬼交通的人。』这里保罗又跳著来写，表面看来没有任何转折。在十九至二十节保罗说到偶像，祭偶像之物和鬼。偶像、祭偶像之物，都算不得甚么，（八4，）但在这些后面的乃是鬼，是神所憎恨、所恨恶的。敬拜神的信徒，该禁戒自己因吃祭偶像之物，而与鬼联合为一，成为与鬼交通的人。鬼既是偶像的实际，吃祭偶像之物，就使吃的人成了与鬼交通的人，有分于鬼的人。吃祭偶像之物的人，不仅成了与鬼交通的人，也成了有分于鬼的人，使他们与鬼成为一。
11In verses 19 and 20 Paul says, “What then am I saying? That what is sacrificed to an idol is anything? Or that an idol is anything? But that the things which the Gentiles sacrifice, they sacrifice to demons and not to God; and I do not want you to become fellowshippers of demons.” Here Paul’s composition takes another leap, apparently without any transition. In verses 19 and 20 Paul speaks of idols, sacrifices to idols, and demons. An idol and a sacrifice to an idol are nothing (8:4). But behind them are the demons, who are abominable and hateful to God. The believers who worship God should abstain from identifying themselves with demons and becoming fellowshippers of demons through eating sacrifices to idols. Since demons are the reality of idols, so the eating of sacrifices to idols makes the eaters their fellowshippers, their joint participants. The eaters of sacrifices to idols become not only fellowshippers with demons, but also joint participants of demons, making themselves one with demons
两种筵席
TWO TABLES
12在十章十六节保罗说到基督之血和身体的交通；在十八节他说到与祭坛交通的人；在二十节他说到与鬼交通的人。然后在二十一节他继续说，『你们不能喝主的杯，又喝鬼的杯；不能有分于主的筵席，又有分于鬼的筵席。』这里我们看见有两种筵席：主的筵席和鬼的筵席。有分于筵席就是吃筵席。喝主的杯，有分于主的筵席，使我们与主联合为一。喝鬼的杯，有分于鬼的筵席，使我们与鬼成为一。
12In verse 16 Paul speaks of the fellowship of the blood and body of Christ; in verse 18, of fellowshippers of the altar; and in verse 20, of fellowshippers of demons. Then in verse 21 he goes on to say, “You cannot drink the cup of the Lord and the cup of demons; you cannot partake of the table of the Lord and the table of demons.” Here we see that there are two tables: the table of the Lord and the table of demons. To partake of a table is to eat of it. To drink the cup of the Lord and partake of the table of the Lord is to identify ourselves with the Lord. To drink the cup of demons and partake of the table of demons is to make ourselves one with demons.
13在二十二节保罗结束十章这段话，说，『我们可惹主的妒忌么？难道我们比祂还强么？』主是忌邪的神，（出二十5，）拜偶像是祂最憎恨、最恨恶的。我们若有分于鬼的交通，与鬼成为一，就要惹动主的妒忌。因此，我们必须逃避拜偶像的事。（林前十14。）
13In verse 22 Paul concludes this portion of chapter ten by saying, “Or do we provoke the Lord to jealousy? Are we stronger than He?” The Lord is the jealous God (Exo. 20:5). Idolatry is utterly abominable to God and hated by Him. If we participate in fellowship with demons, making ourselves one with them, we shall provoke the Lord to jealousy. Hence, we must flee from idolatry
拜偶像的事的意思
THE MEANING OF IDOLATRY
14你对林前十章十四至二十二节有充分的领会么？你也许说，这里保罗说到主的筵席。那为甚么本段开始于他嘱咐人逃避拜偶像的事？在十四节他不是说，『所以，我所亲爱的，你们每主日要赴主的筵席。』他乃是说，『所以，我所亲爱的，你们要逃避拜偶像的事。』对本段正确的领会是，保罗用拜偶像为背景谈到主的筵席。我们曾指出，在十章十五节保罗鼓励圣徒作精明人，审断他所说的。他恳求他们作能彀辨明、研究、领悟并领略的人。我们读保罗的话，若加以明辨，就会想知道，为甚么他告诉我们要逃避拜偶像的事。我们也会想知道，他所说拜偶像的事，是甚么意思。保罗的意思限于真正拜雕刻的偶像么？当然，保罗的意思不是这样有限。在十章七节他说，『也不要作拜偶像的人，像他们有些人那样；如经上所记：「百姓坐下吃喝，起来玩耍。」』这是拜偶像的事的定义。拜偶像与拜偶像的事不同。拜偶像包含在偶像前俯伏敬拜。拜偶像的事范围较广，因牠包含吃、喝、玩耍。在美国，人也许没有拜偶像，但他们也许作拜偶像的事。在假日或周末，他们也许纵情于各种消遣和娱乐；他们也许吃、喝、玩耍。这是拜偶像的事。甚至滥吃祭偶像之物，也牵涉在拜偶像的事里。我们不该拜偶像，也不该牵涉在拜偶像的事里。如我们所看过的，拜偶像之事的意思比拜偶像广多了。
14Do you have an adequate understanding of 10:14-22? You may say that here Paul speaks concerning the Lord’stable. Why, then, does he open this section with a charge to flee from idolatry? In verse 14 he does not say, “Wherefore, my beloved, attend the Lord’stable every Lord’s day.” Instead, he says, “Wherefore, my beloved, flee from idolatry.” The correct understanding of this section is that Paul talks about the Lord’stable using idolatry as a background. We have pointed out that in 10:15 Paul encourages the saints, as prudent men, to judge what he says. He appeals to them as those who can discern, investigate, realize, and apprehend. If we read Paul’sword in a discerning way, we shall want to know why he tells us to flee from idolatry. We shall also want to know what he means by the term idolatry. Is Paul’s meaning limited to the actual worship of a graven image? To be sure, Paul’s meaning is not this restricted. In 10:7 he says, “Neither become idolaters, as some of them; as it is written, The people sat down to eat and drink, and stood up to play.” This is a definition of idolatry. There is a difference between idol worship and idolatry. Idol worship involves bowing down before an idol and worshipping it. Idolatry is wider in scope, for it involves eating, drinking, and playing. In this country people may not worship idols, but they may practice idolatry. On the holidays or on weekends they may give themselves over to various forms of amusement and entertainment. They may eat and drink and rise up to play. This is idolatry. Even to eat sacrifices to idols in an abusive way is to become involved with idolatry. We should neither worship idols nor become involved with idolatry. As we have seen, the meaning of idolatry is much broader than the meaning of idol worship.
15享受美地以这种对拜偶像之事的领会为背景，我们需要问，保罗所说『主的筵席』是甚么意思。主的筵席是甚么？我们对这点的领会也许很狭窄。主的筵席这辞所包括的是意义重大的事。如我们在下篇信息所要看见的，主的筵席实际上就是美地。
15THE ENJOYMENT OF THE GOOD LAND With this understanding of idolatry as a background, we need to ask what Paul means by the expression “the Lo rd’stable.” Our understanding of this may be too narrow. What is the Lord’stable? The Chinese version of the Bible speaks of the Lord’s feast. According to this translation, the table is a feast. However, not even the word feast conveys the full significance of the Lord’stable. What is included in the term the Lord’stable is a matter of great significance. As we shall see in the next message, the Lord’stable is actually the good land.
16十章第一段的记载，表明以色列人的历史如何是召会的豫表。在
16The first section of chapter ten is a record that shows how the history of Israel is a type of the church. In
17一至十一节，保罗描述这豫表的各方面。然后在十二节他说，『所以自以为站得稳的，要谨慎，免得跌倒。』十三节他继续说鼓励和安慰的话。我们若仔细研读本章，就会领悟十三、十四节之间有一个间隔。在十二节末了，保罗似乎忽然停下来，然后他说一点鼓励的话。但仔细读本章的人会领悟，保罗还没有描述完以色列人的历史如何是召会的豫表。因此，我们有明确的印象，保罗还没有说完这件事；可能他没有时间更详细的说下去。但他的确有负担陈明关于以色列人作为豫表的终极思想。这终极思想就是以色列人进入对美地的享受。享受美地是神救恩的目标。如果神仅仅拯救祂的子民出埃及，带他们进旷野，然后任凭他们倒毙在旷野，你会对祂满意么？我不会满意这样一位神，因为这就不是一位拯救的神。神已经应许要带祂的子民出埃及地，进入美地流奶与蜜之地。这是神给亚伯拉罕、以撒、雅各的应许。神若没有将百姓带进这美地，祂就没有实现祂的应许。就以色列人而论，享受流奶与蜜之地乃是神救恩的终极目标。但就神而论，终极目标不是藉著享受那地就达到的，还需要有国度与圣殿。以色列人需要享受，但神需要国度与圣殿。因为保罗写得非常精简，他的写作就从旷野的失败跳到美地的享受。我们若进入本章的深处，就会领悟这是保罗的观念。拜偶像的事与主的筵席，在意义上比白纸黑字所指明的包罗得多。
17verses 1 through 11 Paul describes this type in its various aspects. Then in verse 12 he says, “So then, let him who thinks he stands take heed lest he fall.” In verse 13 he goes on to give a word of encouragement and comfort. If we study this chapter carefully, we shall realize that there is a gap between verses 13 and 14. At the end of verse 12, Paul seems to make a sudden stop, and then he gives a word of encouragement. The careful reader of this chapter, however, will realize that Paul has not yet finished describing how the history of Israel is a type of the church. Thus, we have the definite impression that Paul has not finished this matter. Perhaps he did not have the time to go on in more detail. Nevertheless, he did have the burden to present the consummate thought regarding Israel as a type. This consummate thought is the children of Israel entering into the enjoyment of the good land. The enjoyment of the good land is the goal of God’ss alvation. Would you he happy with a God who simply delivered His people out of Egypt, brought them into the wilderness, and then allowed them to fall in the wilderness? I would not be happy with such a God, for this would not be a saving God. God had promised to bring His people out of the land of Egypt into a good land, a land flowing with milk and honey. This promise had been made to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. If God had not brought the people into this good land, He would not have fulfilled His promise. As far as the children of Israel were concerned, the enjoyment of the land flowing with milk and honey was the ultimate goal of God’ss alvation. But as far as God was concerned, the ultimate goal was not reached just by the enjoyment of the land. There was still the need for the kingdom and the temple. The children of Israel needed the enjoyment, but God needed a kingdom and a temple. Because Paul wrote in a very economical way, he made a leap in his composition from the failure in the wilderness to the enjoyment of the good land. If we get into the depths of this chapter, we shall realize that this is Paul’s concept. Both idolatry and the Lord’stable are much more inclusive in meaning than what is indicated by the letters in black and white
成为我们所吃的
BECOMING WHAT WE EAT
18我们需要记得，林前十章十二至二十二节是对付吃的事这一长段的一部分。吃与享受有关。每当你吃东西的时候，你就享受你所吃的。不但如此，我们所吃的就成为我们。一面，吃叫我们享受；另一面，我们成为我们所吃的。这些基本观念该应用于对这段话的领会。吃祭偶像之物，实际上的意思是享受偶像，至终与偶像成为一。同样的原则，吃主的筵席是享受这筵席，并与这筵席成为一；也就是享受主，并与祂成为一。在这些经文里，保罗首先说到一种筵席，然后表面看来跳到另一种筵席。在二十一节他清楚的说，『不能有分于主的筵席，又有分于鬼的筵席。』事实上，这段说到三种筵席：祭坛、（18、）鬼的筵席和主的筵席。这些辞都是包罗的，我们不该狭窄的来领会。
18First Corinthians 10:12-22, we need to remember, is part of a long section which deals with the matter of eating. Eating is related to enjoyment. Whenever you eat something, you enjoy it. Furthermore, what we eat becomes us. On the one hand, eating is for our enjoyment; on the other hand, we become what we eat. These basic concepts should be applied in understanding this portion. To eat idol sacrifices actually means to enjoy idols and eventually to become one with idols. In the same principle, to partake of the Lord’stable is to enjoy this table and to become one with it; that is, to enjoy the Lord and become one with Him. In these verses Paul first speaks of one kind of table and then, apparently making a leap, of another kind of table. In verse 21 he clearly says, “You cannot partake of the table of the Lord and of the table of demons.” Actually, in this portion there are three tables: the altar (v. 18), the table of demons, and the table of the Lord. All these terms are inclusive, and we should not understand them in a narrow way
19基督丰富的揭示我们读这封书信时，就看见保罗实在是一位极佳的作者。他写哥林多前书的目标、目的，是要带受打岔的哥林多信徒回到基督，并回到神经纶的中心点。如我们所看过的，保罗在对付分裂时，揭示许多与基督有关的事。没有别卷书像林前头
19A RICH UNVEILING OF CHRIST As we read this Epistle, we realize that Paul was truly a marvelous writer. His aim, his purpose, in writing 1 Corinthians was to bring the distracted Corinthian believers back to Christ and back to the central focus of God’s economy. As we have seen, in dealing with divisions, Paul unveils a great deal concerning Christ. In no other book is Christ unveiled in such a rich way
20四章这样丰富的把基督揭示出来。甚至保罗对付与乱伦的事这粗鄙的罪有关的难处时，他也奇妙的启示基督。不但如此，我们已指出，在对付婚姻生活的事上，保罗也说到
20as He is in the first four chapters of 1 Corinthians. Even when Paul deals with a problem involving gross sin, the matter of incest, he reveals Christ in a marvelous way. Furthermore, we have pointed out that in dealing with married life, Paul also covers important
21一些关于与主成为一灵的重要的事。但在八、九、十章，与吃祭偶像之物有关的一段，启示达到了高峰，来到终极的点。大多数读哥林多前书的人，包括圣经教师和神学家，没有摸著保罗在本段所对付之事完全的意义。所以，我们不要将这几章视为理所当然，乃要透彻的进入其中，好看见这里所陈明的奇妙启示，这是很要紧的。
21matters related to being one spirit with the Lord. But in chapters eight, nine, and ten, a section concerned with the eating of idol sacrifices, the revelation reaches the peak. It comes to a consummate point. Most readers of 1 Corinthians, including Bible teachers and theologians, have not touched the full significance of what Paul deals with in this section. Therefore, it is crucial that we do not take these chapters for granted, but get into them in a thorough way in order to see the marvelous revelation presented here.