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哥林多后书生命读经 · 第35篇

耶稣的治死

The Putting to Death of Jesus
1与里面之人的更新（三）读经：哥林多后书四章十至十八节。保罗在林后四章十节说，『身体上常带著耶稣的治死，使耶稣的生命也显明在我们的身体上。』他在十六节接著说，『所以我们不丧胆，反而我们外面的人虽然在毁坏，我们里面的人却日日在更新。』我们经历耶稣的治死，结果乃是里面的人得以更新。
1and the Renewing of the Inward Man (3) Scripture Reading: 2 Cor. 4:10-18 In 4:10 Paul says, “Always bearing about in the body the putting to death of Jesus, that the life also of Jesus might be manifested in our body.” In verse 16 Paul goes on to say, “Wherefore we do not lose heart, but if indeed our outward man is decaying, yet our inward man is being renewed day by day.” The experience of the putting to death of Jesus results in the renewing of the inward man
外面的人与里面的人
THE OUTWARD MAN AND THE INWARD MAN
2甚么是里面的人？实在很难解释。四十多年来，我一直在思量、研究四章十六节外面的人与里面的人到底是甚么意思。有些人的著作说，外面的人是指我们天然的人，里面的人是指我们属灵的人。我不是说这种领会不对；然而，这种领会有点含糊。你若思考一下本章圣经的上下10文，就知道外面的人主要的是指我们的肉身。保罗在十节说到身体上带著耶稣的治死，在十一节又题到必死的肉身。身体上带著耶稣的治死，就等于外面的人的销毁、消耗。因此，十六节所说外面的人，主要的必定是指身体。照样，这节经文所说里面的人，必定是指我们重生的灵，正如保罗在十三节所用『同样信心的灵』这一辞所指明的。我们曾指出，这里的灵是调和的灵，是人重生的灵与圣灵的调和。身体要销毁，但重生的灵却日日在更新。从上下文来看，外面的人主要是指身体，里面的人主要是指重生的灵。
2What is the inward man? It is difficult to explain what the inward man is. For more than forty years I have been considering and studying the meaning of the outward man and the inward man in 4:16. Some writings have said that the outward man denotes our natural man and that the inward man denotes our spiritual man. I do not say that this understanding is wrong; however, it is somewhat vague. If you consider the context of this chapter, the outward man primarily means the physical body. In verse Paul speaks of “bearing about in the body the putting to death of Jesus,” and in verse 11 he mentions the mortal flesh. Bearing about in the body the putting to death of Jesus is equal to the consuming, the wasting away, of the outward man. Therefore, the outward man in verse 16 must mainly refer to the body. Likewise, the inward man in this verse must refer to our regenerated spirit, as indicated in verse 13, where Paul uses the expression “the same spirit of faith.” As we have pointed out, the spirit here is the mingled spirit, the regenerated human spirit mingled with the Holy Spirit. The body is to be consumed, but the regenerated spirit is to be renewed day by day. According to the context, the outward man is mainly the body, and the inward man is mainly the regenerated spirit.
3外面的人包括我们的身体和我们的魂，是以我们的身体为其器官，以我们的魂为其生命和人位。里面的人包括我们重生的灵和我们更新的魂，是以我们重生的灵为其生命和人位，以我们更新的魂为其器官。魂生命必须被否认，（太十六24～25，）但魂的功用─心思、意志、情感，必须被征服，（林后十4～5，）得著更新并提高，而为灵所用；灵乃是里面之人的人位。
3The outward man includes our body and our soul, with the body as its organ and the soul as its life and person. The inward man includes our regenerated spirit and our renewed soul with the regenerated spirit as its life and person and the renewed soul as its organ. The life of the soul must be denied (Matt. 16:24-25), but the functions of the soul, the mind, will, and emotion, must be renewed and uplifted by being subdued (2 Cor. 10:4-5) to be used by the spirit, which is the person of the inward man.
4根据保罗在四章十六节所说的话，外面的人在销毁、消耗、磨损。藉著不断的杀死─死的工作，我们外面的人，就是我们物质的身体，以及使其有生命的魂，（林前十五44，）就渐渐销毁磨损。这个以身体为其器官，以魂生命为其生命和人位的外面的人，必须被销毁。我们都有外面的人。当主耶稣在地上的时候，祂也有外面的人。祂外面的人需要被销毁。保罗在林后四章十六节也说，我们里面的人日日在更新。当里面的人因复活生命新鲜的供应而得著滋养时，里面的人就更新了。我们外面的人，我们必死的身体，因著死的杀死工作逐渐销毁；我们里面的人，就是我们重生的灵，连同我们里面的各部分，（耶三一33，来八10，罗七22，25，）却因复活生命的供应，得以日日新陈代谢的更新。当里面的人得了更新，魂心思、情感、意志─的功用也就得了更新。
4According to Paul’sword in verse 16, the outward man is being consumed, being wasted away, being worn out. By the continued killing, the working of death, our outward man, that is, our material body with its animating soul (1 Cor. 15:44), is being consumed and worn out. The outward man, with the body as its organ and the soulish life as its life and person, must be consumed. We all have an outward man. When the Lord Jesus was on earth, He too had an outward man. His outward man needed to be consumed. In verse 16 Paul also says that our inward man is being renewed day by day. This renewing of the inward man takes place as the inward man is nourished with the fresh supply of resurrection life. As our mortal body, our outward man, is being consumed by the killing work of death, our inward man, that is, our regenerated spirit with the inward parts of our being (Jer. 31:33; Heb. 8:10; Rom. 7:22, 25), is being metabolically renewed day by day with the supply of resurrection life. As the inward man is renewed, the functions of the soul—the mind, the emotion, and the will—are also renewed
外面的人被磨损
THE WEARING OUT OF THE OUTWARD MAN
5现在我们把这件事应用到我们的日常生活，特别是我们的家庭生活和召会生活。假定召会生活中有一对青年弟兄姊妹结了婚，弟兄非常强壮、健康、聪明而有活力。姊妹不久就发现，她的丈夫是个刚强的人，有刚强的天然生命。他外面的人是由精力充沛的身体和刚强的魂组成的。这个外面的人必须经历耶稣的治死。主要使用这位弟兄的妻子销毁他外面的人；同时，主也要用这位弟兄销毁这位姊妹外面的人。外面的人不配得著造就、加强、高举或尊崇。当主耶稣在地上时，祂外面的人不需要被尊崇。相反的，祂外面的人需要被治死。因为我们都有刚强的外面的人，所以我们需要经历耶稣的治死。在召会生活中，我发现姊妹们外面的人甚至比弟兄们外面的人更强。为这缘故，要把姊妹放到十字架上，往往比把弟兄放到十字架上更难；姊妹们好像需要更多的钉子。弟兄们外面的人好比玻璃，而姊妹们外面的人好比橡皮，破碎玻璃比破碎橡皮要容易多了。但无论我们外面的人是像玻璃，还是像橡皮，我们都是不容易破碎的。有些圣徒外面的人很有耐力，他们似乎需要永久被钉十字架。有些弟兄姊妹在召会生活中已经二十年了，他们外面的人仍然没有被破碎。他们不想被破碎，他们好像总是能逃避钉十字架。
5Let us now apply this matter to our daily living, especially to our family life and church life. Suppose a young brother and sister in the church life get married. The brother is strong, healthy, intelligent, and energetic. It will not take very long for the sister to discover that her husband is a strong person with a strong natural life. His outward man is composed of his energetic body and his strong soul. This outward man must experience the putting to death of Jesus. The Lord will use this brother’s wife to consume his outward man. At the same time, He will use the brother to consume the sister’so ut ward man. The outward man does not deserve to be edified, strengthened, exalted, or enthroned. When the Lord Jesus was on earth, He did not need to have His outward man enthroned. On the contrary, what He needed was for the outward man to be put to death. Because we all have a strong outward man, we need to experience the putting to death of Jesus. In the church life I have discovered that the outward man of the sisters is even stronger than that of the brothers. For this reason, it is usually much more difficult for a sister to be put on the cross than it is for a brother. It seems that more nails are required in the case of sisters. The outward man of the brothers can be compared to glass, but the outward man of the sisters can be compared to rubber. It is much easier to break glass than it is to break rubber. But whether our outward man is like glass or rubber, none of us is easily broken. It seems that certain saints need a crucifixion that is everlasting, since their outward man is so enduring. Some brothers and sisters have been in the church life for twenty years, and still their outward man has not been broken. They do not have any intention of being broken. It seems that they are always able to avoid being put on the cross.
6我们越经历外面的人被销毁、被治死，我们里面的人就越得更新。我们重生的灵连同我们更新的心思、情感、意志，都需要复活、发展、扩大并复苏。因此，当外面的人渐渐销毁时，里面的人就渐渐复活、更新并发展。能完成新约职事的生活，乃是外面的人被治死，里面的人得更新并复活的生活。这种生活实际上就是新约的职事。主今日的恢复需要这种生活和这种职事。惟有这种职事能把生命分赐给人，能将基督作为赐生命的灵和义供应给人。恩赐、能力、有活力的活动、殷勤的工作都没有效力，惟一需要的乃是钉十字架的生活─外面的人不断经历耶稣的治死，使我们里面的各部分兴起，得著复苏并发展。我盼望大家对这个事实有深刻的印象：新约的职事不是才干或能力的问题，这职事完全是生活的事。在这种生活中，天然的所是要被治死，好叫属灵的所是复活、得著更新并发展。为著主今日的恢复，这种生活是我们迫切所需要的。
6The more we experience the consuming, the putting to death, of the outward man, the more our inward man is renewed. Our regenerated spirit with our renewed mind, emotion, and will needs to be resurrected, developed, enlarged, and refreshed. Therefore, as the outward man is being consumed, the inward man is being resurrected, renewed, and developed. The life that can carry out the ministry of the new covenant is a life of having the outward man put to death and the inward man renewed and resurrected. Actually this kind of life is the new covenant ministry. This life and this ministry are needed for the Lord’s recovery today. Only this kind of ministry can impart life to others, can minister Christ to others as the life-giving Spirit and as righteousness. Gifts, ability, energetic activity, diligent works—none of this avails. The only thing needed is a crucified life, the life with the outward man continually experiencing the putting to death of Jesus so that the inward parts of our being may rise up, be refreshed, and be developed. I hope that we all shall be impressed with the fact that the new covenant ministry is not a matter of talent or ability. This ministry is altogether a matter of life. In this kind of life the natural being is put to death so that the spiritual being may be resurrected, renewed, and developed. This life is needed in a crucial way for the Lord’s recovery today
7各种不同的苦难我们在前面的信息和本篇信息中，说了许多话论到耶稣的治死。我很担心有些圣徒对这事可能有误解。他们可能认为每一种苦难都是经历耶稣的治死。当他们唱『每次的打击，都是真利益』（诗歌四五八首）这类诗歌时，他们对于这首诗歌或是保罗所说耶稣的治死的意义，可能没有正确的领会。因此，为了避免引起误解，我盼望指出，基督徒所经历的苦难并不都是同一类的。事实上，基督徒所经历的苦难至少有三
7DIFFERENT KINDS OF SUFFERING In the foregoing messages and in this message we have had much to say concerning the putting to death of Jesus. I am deeply concerned that some of the saints may have a mistaken understanding regarding this matter. They may think that every kind of suffering is an experiencing of the putting to death of Jesus. When they sing a hymn such as “Each Blow I Suffer” (Hymns, #626), they may not have the proper understanding either of this hymn or of what Paul means by the putting to death of Jesus. Therefore, in order to avoid misunderstanding, I wish to point out that not all of the sufferings experienced by Christians are of the same category. Actually there are at least three kinds of sufferings Christians may
8种。现在我们就来看这三种苦难。
8experience. Let us now consider these categories
9在旧造里的苦难第一种苦难是所有人类共有的。当然，不是只有基督徒才受苦。每一个人都受苦。因著人堕落了，苦难是无人能免的。由于堕落，受造之物变得老旧了。这是一种非常
9Suffering in the Old Creation The first kind of suffering is that which is common to all human beings. Christians, of course, are not the only ones who suffer. Everyone suffers. Suffering is universal because of the fall of man. Due to the fall, creation has become old. This is a very negative
10消极的情形，因为受造之物中的老旧，指明受造之物堕落、败坏了，并且正在朽坏。在旧造和堕落的人身上，有许多灾难和疾病。因著我们生活在堕落、老旧的创造里，所以我们免不了疾病。有人得了肺结核，有人得了癌症。我们不该认为一个人得了这种疾病，是因为他的邪恶。不，疾病乃是这个堕落宇宙中很普遍的一种灾难。信徒与非信徒都是人，灾难是人免不了的。
10condition, for oldness in creation indicates that creation is fallen, corrupt, and decaying. With the old creation and fallen man, there are a great many calamities and illnesses. Because we live in the fallen, old creation, we are subject to disease. Someone may contract tuberculosis. Someone else may develop cancer. We should not think that a person becomes a victim of diseases such as these because he is evil. No, sickness is one of the calamities common in this fallen universe. Believers and unbelievers are human beings, and as human beings we cannot avoid calamities
11有些人听到这样论到疾病与灾难的话，就会说，『难道神不保护我们么？』不错，神的确保护我们。然而，灾难临到时，每一个人都会受苦，信与不信的人并没有分别。这第一种的苦难必定不是保罗所说耶稣的治死。不要把旧造里因灾祸而引起的苦难，应用为林后四章耶稣的治死。你若这样应用耶稣的治死，所有不信的人就都经历耶稣的治死，因为他们也受疾病与灾难之苦。把耶稣的治死领会为因著旧造里的灾难，而普遍临到每一个人的苦难，这就大错特错了。
11When some hear this word about illness and calamity, they may say, “Doesn’t God protect us?” Yes, God does protect us. Nevertheless, when a calamity strikes, everyone, believer and unbeliever alike, may suffer. This first kind of suffering is surely not what Paul means by the putting to death of Jesus. Do not apply the suffering caused by calamities in the old creation to the putting to death of Jesus in 2 Corinthians 4. If you apply the putting to death of Jesus in this way, then all unbelievers experience the putting to death of Jesus, for they also suffer from illness and calamity. It is a serious mistake to understand the putting to death of Jesus to mean the sufferings common to everyone because of calamities in the old creation
因著罪和错误所受的苦难
Suffering from Sins and Mistakes
12基督徒经历的第二种苦难，是因著罪和错误所受的苦难。我们履行责任时，若是粗心愚昧，就会遭受某种损失。譬如，一位弟兄有一分工作，要求在某一个时间上班。但他常常迟到，结果就被解雇了。这也可以看作是一种苦难；但这种苦难是粗心大意的结果。假如有一位弟兄因这种原因而失业，他不该说这种苦难是耶稣的治死。这种苦难与耶稣的治死没有一点关系，这种苦难是因没有尽自己的责任所造成的。
12The second kind of suffering Christians experience is suffering that comes from sins and mistakes. If we are careless or foolish in the exercise of our responsibilities, we may suffer a certain kind of loss. For example, a brother may have a job that requires him to be at work at a certain time. However, he may consistently come to work quite late. As a result, he is fired from his job. This may be regarded as a kind of suffering. But it is a suffering that results from carelessness. Should a brother lose his job for such a reason, he should not say that this suffering is the putting to death of Jesus. This suffering has nothing at all to do with the putting to death of Jesus. It comes from the failure to fulfill one’s responsibility.
13保罗在林后四章十节说到耶稣的治死。接著他在十一节说，『因为我们这活著的人，是常为耶稣被交于死。』我要请你们注意『为耶稣』这几个字。十节『耶稣的治死』与十一节『为耶稣被交于死』是可以交互使用的。这就是说，耶稣的治死与为耶稣的缘故所受的苦难有关。一位弟兄因著疏忽、不负责而被解雇，并不是为耶稣的缘故。他不该怪罪耶稣。他被解雇是因为自己的疏忽。把那种苦难看作耶稣的治死，看作为耶稣的缘故受苦，是绝对不公平的。因著罪或错误而受苦，并不是经历耶稣的治死。我们可以举另一个例证，把这事说得更清楚。假设你离开家去参加召会聚会时，忘了锁门。事实上，你甚至忘了关门。你聚会的时候，有人进去偷了你许多东西，造成很大的损害。当你检查损害、损失的时候，你不该说，『赞美主，这是经历耶稣的治死。』这又给我们看见，那种苦难和损失不是耶稣的治死。你不该把那种损失归咎于耶稣，也不该认为你是在经历耶稣的治死。只有当你单纯的为著耶稣与召会─身体─的缘故受苦，那才是耶稣的治死。
13In 4:10 Paul speaks of the putting to death of Jesus. Then in verse 11 he says, “For we who live are always being delivered unto death for Jesus’ sake.” I would call your attention to the words “for Jesus’ sake.” The putting to death of Jesus in verse 10 is used interchangeably with being delivered unto death for Jesus’ sake in verse 11. This means that the putting to death of Jesus involves suffering that is for Jesus’ sake. A brother who loses his job because of carelessness and irresponsibility does not get fired for Jesus’ sake. He should not ascribe this to Jesus. He was fired for the sake of his carelessness. It would absolutely not be fair to regard that kind of suffering as the putting to death of Jesus, as suffering for Jesus’ sake. Suffering because of sins or mistakes is not the experience of the putting to death of Jesus. To make this matter even more clear, let us use another illustration. Suppose you do not lock the door of your house when you leave home for the church meeting. In fact, you even forget to close the door. While you are in the meeting, someone enters your home, steals many things, and causes a great deal of damage. When you survey the damage and the loss, you should not say, “Praise the Lord, this is an experience of the putting to death of Jesus.” Once again, that kind of suffering and loss is not the putting to death of Jesus. You should not ascribe that kind of loss to Jesus, or think that you are experiencing the putting to death of Jesus. When you suffer purely for Jesus’ sake and for the sake of the church, the Body, that is the putting to death of Jesus
14我们唱『每次的打击』这类诗歌的时候，需要小心，不要不知不觉的把禁欲主义带进来。禁欲主义会使人陷入慢性自杀，一种缓慢、稳定的自杀里，就像『效法基督』一书所描述的。那本书里含有很强禁欲主义的成分。那些实行禁欲主义的人谈论背十字架，实际上是在谈论自己杀死自己。我们唱『每次的打击』这首诗歌时，不该有禁欲的观念。事实上，我们唱这首诗歌时，如果以为与耶稣的治死有关，就指明我们对耶稣的治死领会得不彀准确。耶稣的治死不是一般的受苦。事实上，耶稣的治死，目的不是叫我们受苦，而是要把我们外面的人销毁。
14When we sing a hymn such as “Each Blow I Suffer,” we need to be careful not to unconsciously bring in asceticism. Asceticism involves gradual suicide, a slow, steady self-killing like that described in the book The Imitation of Christ. That book contains a strong element of asceticism. When those who practice asceticism talk about bearing the cross, they are actually talking about self-killing. We should not have an ascetic concept when we sing the hymn “Each Blow I Suffer.” Actually, to sing this hymn in relation to the putting to death of Jesus may indicate that our understanding of the putting to death of Jesus is not accurate. The putting to death of Jesus is not a matter of common suffering. In fact, to cause us to suffer is not the purpose of the putting to death of Jesus; it is to consume our outward man
15基督徒经历的第三种苦难是耶稣的治死。保罗并不是因为有甚么不对，才经历这种苦难。相反的，他各方面都是对的。然而，他却受压、出路绝了、遭逼迫、被打倒。这些都是为了耶稣的缘故，为了身体的缘故，也为了新约职事的缘故。
15The third category of suffering experienced by Christians is the putting to death of Jesus. Paul did not experience this because he was wrong. On the contrary, he was right in every way. Nevertheless, he was afflicted, perplexed, persecuted, and cast down. But all this was for the sake of Jesus, for the sake of the Body, and for the sake of the new covenant ministry
16保罗和其他的使徒都没有错误，这些特殊的苦难与他们的错误没有一点关系。但他们仍然有外面的人，这个外面的人需要被销毁。当主耶稣在地上的时候，祂没有犯一点错误，在祂身上没有一件事是不对的。但祂外面的人需要被销毁。因此，耶稣的治死不是惩罚、改正或管教；这些管教与基督徒的第二种苦难有关。改正、惩罚或管教我们，不是耶稣的治死的目的。耶稣的治死，也不是天然的灾难。反之，耶稣的治死乃是有一种逼迫、反对或对付临到我们，要销毁我们天然的人，就是我们外面的人，我们的肉体，使我们里面的人有机会得以发展并更新。
16Paul and the other apostles were not wrong, and these particular sufferings were not related to any mistakes of theirs. But they still had the outward man, and this outward man needed to be consumed. When the Lord Jesus was on earth, He did not make any mistakes, and He was not wrong in anything. But He had an outward man that needed to be consumed. Therefore, the putting to death of Jesus is not punishment, correction, or discipline. These are related to the second category of Christian suffering. To correct us, punish us, or discipline us is not the goal of the putting to death of Jesus. Neither is it a matter of natural calamities. Instead, it is a kind of persecution, operation, or dealing that comes upon us to consume our natural man, our outward man, our flesh, so that our inward man may have the opportunity to develop and be renewed