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申命记生命读经 · 第12篇

律法的重申(六)

The Rehearsal of the Law (6)
1读经:申命记十三章一至十八节。申命记十二章明确的论到保守神子民的一。在本篇信息中,我们要来看十三章,其中有更明确的话,就是论到叛逆(背道)的话。
1Scripture Reading: Deut. 13:1-18 In Deuteronomy 12 we have a definite word on keeping the oneness of God’sp eople. In chapter thirteen, which we will consider in this message, we have an even more definite word—a word concerning apostasy
十八 摩西嘱咐以色列人有关叛逆的事
R. Moses Charging the Children of Israel concerning Apostasy
2叛逆或背道(apostasy)一辞是甚么意思?在旧约里的『叛逆,』是指放弃神,离弃神归向偶像。在新约里的『背道,』是指否认基督的神性,就是不相信基督乃是神成为肉体来作人。神的存在是个奥秘,神成为肉体来作一个名叫耶稣的人,更是个莫大的奥秘。因此,要相信神成为肉体来作人,比相信有神更难。我们传福音接触人的时候,首先必须使人清楚有一位神。我们可以用罗马书给他们看见有神。然后我们需要告诉他们,这位神成了肉体来作人。
2What does the word apostasy denote? In the Old Testament, apostasy denotes the giving up of God and the turning away from God to idols. In the New Testament, apostasy denotes the denial of Christ’s deity; it refers to not believing that Christ is God incarnated to be a man. The existence of God is a mystery, and the incarnation of God to become a man named Jesus is an even greater mystery. For this reason it is more difficult for people to believe that God became a man than it is for them to believe that there is a God. As we contact people in our preaching of the gospel, we must first make it clear to them that there is a God. We may use the book of Romans to show them that there is a God. Then we need to tell them that this very God was incarnated to become a man
3有些所谓的基督徒,就是摩登派,不相信耶稣基督是神。他们相信主耶稣只是人,祂是教师,并且成了殉道者死了,祂并没有完成救赎。他们不承认耶稣基督是在肉体里来的。(约壹四2~3。)他们对基督的信仰乃是异端;他们否认耶稣基督既是完整的神,又是完全的人,这样就走了背道的路。新约里非常严厉的对付分裂,以及否认基督是神成肉体来作人的教训。『若有人到你们那里,不是传讲这教训,不要接他到家里,也不要对他说,愿你喜乐;因为对他说,愿你喜乐的,就在他的恶行上有分。』(约贰10~11。)使徒约翰在这里所指的教训,就是神藉著成为肉体来作人的教训。在他的福音书里,同一位约翰说,『太初有话,话与神同在,话就是神。…话成了肉体,支搭帐幕在我们中间,丰丰满满的有恩典,有实际。』(约一1,14。)在他第二封书信里,约翰给我们看见甚至在他那个时代,就有一些所谓的信徒不承认主耶稣基督是在肉体里来的。约翰告诉我们,对那些不传讲耶稣基督是神成肉体来作人这教训的人,我们不该接纳,甚至不要问安。我们不该对那些不传讲这教训的人说话,却该避开他们。
3Certain so - called Christians — the Modernists — do not believe that Jesus Christ is God. Instead, they believe that the Lord Jesus was merely a man, that He was a teacher, and that He died as a martyr, not to accomplish redemption. They do not confess that Jesus Christ has come in the flesh (1 John 4:2-3). Their belief regarding Christ is heretical, and, by denying that Jesus Christ is both the complete God and a perfect man, they have taken the way of apostasy. The New Testament deals very strictly with division and with the denial of the teaching that Christ is God incarnated to become a man. “If anyone comes to you and does not bring this teaching, do not receive him into your house, and do not say to him, Rejoice! For he who says to him, Rejoice, shares in his evil works” (2 John 10-11). The teaching which the Apostle John refers to here is the teaching that God came through incarnation to be a man. In his gospel this same John says, “In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God …. And the Word became flesh and tabernacled among us…full of grace and reality” (John 1:1, 14). In his second epistle John shows us that, even at his time, some so-called believers did not confess that Jesus Christ the Lord had come in the flesh. John goes on to tell us that we should not receive nor even greet those who do not bring the teaching that Jesus Christ is God incarnated to be a man. Instead of speaking to those who do not bring this teaching, we should turn away from them.
4我们需要清楚,背道和讲错道理的分别。有人对于某项道理的教训可能不正确,但这不表示他是背道的。例如,一位在主里的弟兄,在基督里的真信徒,对于被提的教训有点错误;我们可以说他在道理上错了,却不该说他是异端,或说他教导异端,因为他相信基督的神圣人位,以及祂救赎的工作。他相信耶稣基督就是神,祂成了肉体来作人,祂为我们的罪死在十字架上,并且祂从死人中复活,又升到天上。按照新约,有人成为背道的,不是因他对被提的教导错误,乃是因他不再相信耶稣基督是神,以及祂在肉体里而来,作了一个人。那些不相信这点的,就是背道的。我信约翰和保罗从摩西的著作学习了许多,包括申命记十二、十三章里确定的话。约翰论到背道是明确的,保罗论到分裂也是明确的。罗马书陈明了一幅神救恩的完整图画,这幅图画包括了基督徒以及召会的生活。罗马书末了三章,十四至十六章,论到地方召会的生活。在十四、十五章,保罗说到接纳信徒。『信心软弱的,你们要接纳,但不是为判断所争论的事。』(罗十四1。)信徒信心软弱并不表示他没有信心;乃是说,虽然他有信心,但他的信心软弱了。信心软弱的,我们要接纳,不是为了判断争论的事。我们该接纳他们,不与他们争论。信心软弱的人可能只吃蔬菜,可能断定这日比那日强;(罗十四2~3,5;)信心强的人可能相信百物都可吃,并断定日日都一样。我们不该就著这些事审判信徒,乃该在爱里接纳他们,因为神已经接纳他们了。(罗十四3。)不仅如此,保罗还说,『我们刚强的人,应该担代不刚强之人的软弱,不求自己的喜悦。』(罗十五1。)然后保罗说,『所以你们要彼此接纳,如同基督接纳你们一样,使荣耀归与神。』(罗十五7。)我们接纳信徒,不该按照吃或守日的方式,乃该按照基督,祂是独一的中心,又是包容一切的那位。各种的真信徒,无论他们吃素或吃肉,无论他们守日或看日日都一样,我们都必须接纳。此外,我们必须按照基督接纳所有的真信徒。
4We need to be clear regarding the difference between teaching apostasy and being wrong in doctrine. Someone may not be correct in his teaching about a certain doctrine, but this does not mean that he is apostate. For example, suppose a brother in the Lord, a genuine believer in Christ, is somewhat mistaken in his teaching regarding the rapture. We may say that he is wrong in doctrine, but we should not say that he is heretical or that he teaches apostasy, for he believes in the divine person of Christ and in His redemptive work. He believes that Jesus Christ is the very God, that He was incarnated to become a man, that He died on the cross for our sins, that He resurrected from among the dead, and that He ascended to the heavens. According to the New Testament, someone becomes apostate, not by teaching incorrectly about the rapture but by giving up the faith that Jesus Christ is God and that He came in the flesh to be a man. Those who do not believe this are apostate. I believe that John and Paul learned a great deal from Moses’ writings, including the definite word in chapters twelve and thirteen of Deuteronomy. Whereas John was definite concerning apostasy, Paul was definite concerning division. The book of Romans presents a complete picture of God’s salvation, a picture that comprises both the Christian and the church life. The last three chapters of Romans, chapters fourteen through sixteen, are on the local church life. In chapters fourteen and fifteen Paul speaks concerning receiving the believers. “Now him who is weak in faith receive, not with a view to passing judgment on reasonings” (14:1). For a believer to be weak in faith does not mean that he has no faith; it means that, although he has faith, he is weak in faith. Those who are weak in faith we should receive without passing judgment on reasonings. We should receive them without reasoning with them. The one who is weak in faith may eat only vegetables and may judge one day above another (vv. 2-3, 5), whereas the one who is strong in faith may believe that he may eat all things and may judge every day alike. Instead of judging the believers with respect to such matters, we should receive them in love, for God has received them (v. 3). Furthermore, Paul says, “We who are strong ought to bear the weaknesses of those who are weak, and not to please ourselves” (15:1). Then Paul goes on to say, “Wherefore receive one another, as Christ also received us to the glory of God” (v. 7). We should receive the believers not according to the way of eating or the keeping of days but according to Christ, who is the unique center and the all-embracing One. We must receive all kinds of genuine believers, whether they eat herbs or eat meat, whether they keep certain days or consider every day alike. Moreover, we must receive all genuine believers according to Christ.
5在罗马十四、十五章,保罗宽宏大量、包容一切,但在罗马十六章十七节,他却非常狭窄而严厉。『弟兄们,那些造成分立和绊跌之事,违反你们所学之教训的人,我恳求你们要留意,并要避开他们。』一面,我们需要接纳各种的真信徒;另一面,我们在对付造成分立之人时,需要狭窄、严厉。在十六章十七节,保罗不是说,『这些造成分立之事的人是弟兄,我们要接纳他们爱他们。』不,他告诉我们要留意并要避开他们。避开那些造成分立和绊跌之事的人,就是与他们隔离。保罗在罗马十六章二十节上半说,『平安的神快要将撒但践踏在你们脚下。』这话是接在严厉对付造成分立的人之后,这是很有意义的。我们若没有辨别力,盲目的爱人,不隔离造成分立和绊跌之事的人,撒但就不在我们脚下,而在我们头上。但我们若隔离那些分裂的人,撒但就被践踏在我们脚下了。
5In Romans 14 and 15 Paul is generous, broad-minded, and all-embracing, but in Romans 16:17 he is very narrow and strict. “I beg you, brothers, keep a watchful eye on those who make divisions and causes of falling contrary to the teaching which you have learned, and turn away from them.” On the one hand, we need to receive all kinds of genuine believers; on the other hand, we need to be narrow and strict in dealing with divisive ones. In 16:17 Paul does not say, “These divisive ones are brothers. We need to receive them and love them.” No, he tells us to keep a watchful eye on them and to turn away from them. To turn away from those who make divisions and causes of falling is to quarantine them. In Romans 16:20a Paul says, “Now the God of peace will soon crush Satan under your feet.” It is significant that this word comes after the word concerning the strict dealing with the divisive ones. If we do not have any discernment but instead love blindly, and if we do not quarantine those who make divisions and causes of falling, Satan will be above us, not under us. But if we quarantine the divisive ones, Satan will be crushed under our feet
1 要治死说话叛逆耶和华神的申言者或作梦的人
1. Putting to Death the Prophet or Dreamer of Dreams Who Advocates Apostasy from Jehovah Their God
6在申命记十三章一、二节,摩西说到有申言者或作梦的起来要给以色列人神迹奇事看,那神迹奇事也发生了,那人就以此对他们说,『我们去随从素来所不认识的别神,事奉他罢。』摩西告诉百姓,不可听从那申言者或作梦之人的话,『因为这是耶和华你们的神在试验你们,要知道你们是否全心、全魂,爱耶和华你们的神。』(申十三3。)
6In Deuteronomy 13:1 and 2 Moses spoke about a prophet or dreamer of dreams who stands up and gives a sign or wonder and that sign or wonder occurs, about which he spoke, saying, “Let us go after other gods whom you have not known, and let us serve them.” Moses went on to tell the people not to listen to the words of that prophet or dreamer of dreams, “for Jehovah your God is testing you in order to know whether you love Jehovah your God with all your heart and with all your soul” (v. 3).
7摩西在四节接著说,『你们当跟从耶和华你们的神,敬畏祂,谨守祂的诫命,听从祂的话,事奉祂,专靠祂。』我们今天不用『专靠祂』这辞,乃是说取得基督。我们都需要取得基督。摩西在五节说,『那申言者,或那作梦的既说话叛逆那领你们出埃及地,救赎你脱离为奴之家的耶和华你们的神,要迫使你离开耶和华你神所吩咐你行的道路,你就要将他治死。这样,你就把那恶从你们中间完全除掉。』『说话,』原文或作主张;『叛逆,』也可译为转离。『完全除掉,』原文意焚烧或吞灭。2杀死那暗中勾引他们去事奉
7In verse 4 Moses continued, “You shall follow Jehovah your God; and you shall fear Him, keep His commandments, listen to His voice, serve Him, and hold fast to Him.” Instead of using the expression “hold fast to Him,” we today may speak of laying hold on Christ. We all need to lay hold of, to hold on to, Christ. In verse 5 Moses said, “But that prophet or that dreamer of dreams shall be put to death, because he has advocated apostasy from Jehovah your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt and ransomed you from the house of slavery, in order to force you out of the way in which Jehovah your God has commanded you to walk. Thus you shall utterly remove the evil from your midst.” The Hebrew word rendered “advocated” literally means “spoken.” The word translated “apostasy” can also be translated “a turning away against.” Literally the Hebrew word for “utterly remove” means “burn out” or “consume.” 2. Slaying the Brother, Son, Daughter, Wife, or Friend
别神的弟兄、儿女、妻子或朋友
Who Secretly Enticed Them to Serve Other Gods
8在六至十一节,摩西说到如何对待那暗中勾引以色列人去事奉别神的弟兄、儿女、妻子或朋友;这些别神是他们和他们列祖素来所不认识的。这样勾引的人,他们不可依顺,也不可听从他,眼不可顾惜,心不可怜恤,也不可藏匿。(申十三8。)摩西说,『必要杀死他;你要先下手,然后众民也下手,将他治死。要用石头打死他,因为他想要迫使你离开那领你出埃及地为奴之家的耶和华你的神。』(申十三9~10。)
8In verses 6 through 11 Moses spoke about what to do with the brother, son, daughter, wife, or friend who entices the children of Israel secretly to serve other gods, which neither they nor their fathers had known. They were not to yield to such a one nor listen to him, nor was their eye to pity him, nor were they to spare him nor conceal him (v. 8). Rather, Moses said, “You must slay him; your hand shall be first against him to put him to death, and afterwards the hand of all the people. And you shall stone him with stones so that he dies, because he sought to force you away from Jehovah your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery” (vv. 9-10
3 对付胁迫本城居民
3. Dealing with Worthless Men
9
9Who Had Forced the Inhabitants of Their City
10去事奉别神的匪类
10to Go and Serve Other Gods
11摩西在十二至十八节告诉百姓,他们若听到在城里,『有些匪类』从他们中间出来,『胁迫本城的居民,说,我们不如去事奉别神,是素来所不认识的神。』对这样一个事例,以色列人要探听、查究、彻底的考问。若确是真实准确的,这可憎恶的事已经行在他们中间,他们就要用刀杀那城的居民,把城里所有的,连同牲口,都用刀杀尽。他们要将那城一切被掠之物都堆积在城内空地上,用火将城和其内一切被掠之物,在耶和华他们的神面前烧尽,那城就成为荒堆,不可再建造。那受咒诅之物,一点也不可粘他们的手。他们若这样行耶和华眼中看为正的事,祂就转意不发烈怒,却要恩待他们,怜恤他们,照祂向他们列祖所应许的,使他们繁增。
11In verses 12 through 18 Moses told the people what to do if they should hear in one of their cities that “some worthless men” have gone out from their midst and “have forced the inhabitants of their city, saying, Let us go and serve other gods (which you have not known).” Concerning such a case, the children of Israel were to investigate and examine carefully and inquire thoroughly. If the thing were true and certain that that abomination had been done in their midst, they were to slay the inhabitants of that city with the edge of the sword, utterly destroying it and all that was in it and its cattle. They were to gather all its spoil at the middle of its open square and burn the city and all its spoil with fire wholly to Jehovah their God, and it would be a mound only forever and would not be built again. Nothing of what had been cursed was to cling to their hand. When they did in this way what was right in the sight of Jehovah their God, He would turn from His burning anger, show them tenderness, be compassionate to them, and multiply them as He had promised their fathers.
12在申命记十二章,摩西对分裂的事是严厉的;在申命记十三章,他对背道的事是严厉的。当摩西说到这些事时,他不是一般的,乃是非常确定的。就如新约的使徒那样,我们需要在这两件重要的事上向摩西学习。我们必须对分裂和背道非常严厉。这就是说,我们必须保守神子民独一的一,并持守对基督身位和救赎工作的独一信仰。
12In Deuteronomy 12 Moses was strict in the matter of division, and in Deuteronomy 13 he was strict in the matter of apostasy. When he came to these matters, he was no longer general but very definite. Like the apostles in the New Testament, we need to learn of Moses concerning these two crucial things. We also must be very strict concerning division and apostasy. This means that we must keep the unique oneness of God’sp eople and the unique faith in the person and redemptive work of Christ