Books
申命记生命读经 · 第14篇

律法的重申（七）

The Rehearsal of the Law (7)
1读经：申命记14:3-21,28-29;26:12-15;15:1-11。在前面的信息中，我们说过一般的劝戒和警告。（申五32～十三。）在本篇信息中，我们要开始来看一般律例和典章的重申。
1Scripture Reading: Deut. 14:3-21, 28-29; 26:12-15; 15:1-11 15; 15:1-11 In the foregoing messages we covered the general advices and warnings (5:32—13:18). In this message we will begin to consider the rehearsal of the general 18 statutes and judgments.
肆 重申一般的
IV. THE REHEARSAL
2律例和典章申命记十四章一节至二十六章十九节论到一般的律例和典这里的典章实际上就是判决。当律例加上判决，这律例就成了典章。
2OF THE GENERAL STATUTES AND JUDGMENTS Deuteronomy 14:1—26:19 covers the general statutes and judgments. The word judgments here actually means ordinances. When a judgment is added to a statute, the statute becomes an ordinance
一 关于圣别的饮食
A. Concerning the Holy Diet
3十三章论到背道，十四章论到饮3食。三至二十一节说到圣别的饮食。我们需要非常小心我们的饮食，因为细菌能藉所吃的食物传播进来。
3Whereas chapter thirteen is concerned with apostasy, chapter fourteen is concerned with eating. Verses through 21 cover the matter of the holy diet. We need to be careful regarding our eating because germs can be transmitted by the food we eat.
１ 表征甚么样的人是不洁净的，甚么样的人是洁净的
1. Signifying What Kind of People Are Not Clean and What Kind Are Clean
4圣别的饮食表征甚么样的人是不洁净的，甚么样的人是洁净的，是神的子民可接触的，使他们保持圣别。在神眼中，接触人就是吃，就是将东西接受到我们里面作维持的实质。我们是神圣别的子民，不仅需要留意分裂和背道的事，也要留意所接触的人。我们为人需要社交，不能单独生活，不与人接触。但是当我们接触人时需要小心，因为我们与人接触，就接受他们的所是、所有并所知道的。接触人乃是一种吃；营养学家说，我们所吃的会成为我们的所是。这就是说，我们至终会像所接触的人。所以，我们接触人时，需要分辨谁是不洁净的，谁是洁净的。（关于这事的细节，请参
4The holy diet signifies what kind of people are not clean and what kind are clean, good for the people of God to contact, that they may be kept holy. In God’s view, to contact people is to eat, that is, to receive something into us as a sustaining substance. As God’sho ly people, we need to take care concerning not only division and apostasy but also concerning the kind of people we contact. We human beings need to be social; we cannot live alone, having no contact with others. As we contact people, we need to be careful, for in our contact with others we may receive what they are, what they have, and what they know. Contacting people is a kind of eating, and, as dieticians say, we are what we eat. This means that eventually we will be like those whom we contact. Therefore, in contacting others we need to be discerning regarding who is unclean and who is clean. (For the details on this matter, please see
２ 禁止用山羊羔母的奶煮山羊羔
2. Boiling a Kid in Its Mother’s Milk Being Prohibited
5『不可用山羊羔母的奶煮山羊羔。』（申十四21下。）母奶是为著滋养，但煮羊羔等于杀死。这指明在神眼中，任何活的牲口若不是正当的宰杀，就不洁净，不适合吃，就是不适合接触。二十一节下半的奶豫表用以𫗪养初信者，神话中的奶，就是基督的生命供应。（彼前二２，来五12～13，林前三２。）不可用山羊羔母的奶煮山羊羔，豫表神话中的奶不该用来杀死在基督里的初信者。我们该用话中的奶，就是基督这生命的供应，𫗪养初生的基督徒，而不是去杀死他们。然而，有许多基督教的教师用神的话来『煮』别人，而不是𫗪养他们。今天制造分裂的人就是在作这事。制造分裂的人用圣经里的经文来煮新人，杀死新人。他们就是用山羊羔母的奶煮山羊羔。我们实行新路的时候，该用圣经节𫗪养初信者。基督那产生奶的话，总该用来𫗪养在基督里的婴孩，绝不该用来杀死他们。一面，我们的饮食不该毫无辨别力；另一面，我们不该让人用山羊羔母的奶煮山羊羔。我们需要帮助年幼者，保謢他们，免得他们被制造分裂的人所煮。
5“You shall not boil a kid in its mother’s milk” (14:21b). The mother’s milk is for nourishing, but boiling a kid equals killing. This indicates that in the eyes of God, any living cattle that were not properly killed were not clean for eating, that is, for contacting. The milk in verse 21b typifies the milk of the word of God (the life supply of Christ) used to nourish new believers (1 Pet. 2:2; Heb. 5:12-13; 1 Cor. 3:2). Not boiling a kid in its mother’s milk typifies that the milk of the word of God should not be used to kill new believers in Christ. We should use the milk of the word, Christ as the life supply, to nourish newborn Christians, not to kill them. However, many Christian teachers have used the word of God for “boiling” others instead of for feeding them. This is what the divisive ones are doing today. The divisive ones use verses from the Bible to boil, to kill, the new ones. They are boiling the kids in their mothers’ milk. In practicing the new way, we should use Bible verses to nourish the new believers. The word of Christ which produces milk should be used always to nourish the babes in Christ, never to kill them. On the one hand, we should not eat without discernment; on the other hand, we should not allow a kid to be boiled in its mother’s milk. We need to help the young ones and to protect them from being boiled by the divisive ones.
6在申命记十二、十三章，我们看见必须恨恶、避开分裂和背道。要这样作，需要在与人的接触中有辨别力，就是十四章所指明的。有些人带著分裂和异端的细菌。我们若不运用辨别力来接触这样的人，可能在不知不觉中受到了感染，因为这些细菌非常有传染性。一位圣徒一旦这样受到感染，就会对主的恢复以及召会生活冷淡。所以，为著避免分裂和背道，我们在接触人的时候应该谨慎。不仅如此，我们还需要保护年幼的人，免得那些人用神话中的奶来煮他们，杀死他们。
6In Deuteronomy 12 and 13 we see that we must hate and avoid both division and apostasy. In order to do this, we need to be discerning in our contact with people, as indicated in chapter fourteen. Certain ones may be carrying the germs of division or heresy. If we contact such ones without discernment, we will be infected, perhaps unconsciously, for these germs are very contagious. Once a saint has been infected in this way, he will become cold toward the recovery and toward the church life. Therefore, in order to avoid division and apostasy, we should be careful in contacting people. Also, we need to protect our young ones from those who would use the milk of the word to boil them, to kill them
二 关于帮助缺乏的人
B. Concerning Aid to the Needy
7申命记中有好几段说到帮助缺乏的23:15-人。（申14:28-29;26:12-15;15:1-18;）
7Several portions of Deuteronomy speak concerning aid to the needy (14:28-29; 26:12-15; 15:1-18; 16, 19-20; 24:6, 10-15, 17-22). 23:15-16, 19-20; 24:6, 10-15, 17-22
１ 每三年的末一年要以十分之一帮助
1. The Aid by the Tithes at the End of Every Three Years
ａ要将十分之一取出来，存在城中，当作富余，显出美地出产的丰满
a. These Tithes Being Laid within Their Gates as a Surplus to Show the Fullness of the Rich Produce of the Good Land
8关于帮助缺乏之人的律例有许多项。第一，每三年的末一年要以十分之一帮助。（申十四28～29，二六12～15。）神嘱咐以色列人每年向祂献上十分之一。每一年，他们出产的十分之一都要献给神。此外，十四章二十八节对所取的十分之一有进一步的嘱咐。『每三年的末一年，你要将当年土产的十分之一，都取出来，存在你的城中。』每三年他们要将另外十分之一存在城中，当作富余，以显出美地丰富出产的丰满。
8The statute concerning aid to the needy ones has many items. First, there was to be the aid by the tithes at the end of every three years (14:28-29; 26:12-15). God charged the children of Israel to offer Him the tithes yearly. Every year a tithe of their produce was to be offered to God. In addition, there was a further command regarding tithes in 14:28. “At the end of every three years you shall bring forth all the tithe of your produce for that year and lay it within your gates.” Every three years they were to lay aside another tithe within their gates as a surplus to show the fullness of the rich produce of the good land
ｂ顾到利未人、寄居的、并孤儿寡妇的需要，使耶和华神更多祝福他们
b. To Take Care of the Need of the Levites, the Sojourners, the Orphans, and the Widows, That Jehovah Their God Might Bless Them More
9存在他们城里的乃是为著缺乏的人。『在你城里无分无业的利未人，和你城里寄居的，并孤儿寡妇，都可以来，吃得饱足，使耶和华你神在你所行的一切事上祝福你。』（申十四29。）利未人没有工作或别的收入来源，他们信靠神而活，全时间事奉祂；他们该受到这样的照顾。此外也要供给寄居的、孤儿和寡妇。今天我们也该顾到我们中间有缺乏的人。在主的遮盖下，我能见证我不忍心看见任何圣徒缺乏正当生活所需的；我觉得自己我必须作点事来满足他们的需要。在主的恢复中，我们需要顾到全时间者及其他缺乏的人。那些在第三年，就是十分取一之年献上出产十分之一的人，可以在耶和华他们的神面前说，『我已将圣别之物从家里拿出来，给了利未人、寄居的、和孤儿寡妇，是照你所吩咐我的一切诫命，你的诫命我都没有违背，也没有忘记。我忧伤的时候，没有吃这圣别之物，不洁净的时候，也没有拿出来，又没有为死人送去，我听从耶和华我神的话，都照你所吩咐的行了。』（申二六13～14。）那献十分之一的人即使在忧伤或艰难的时候，也没有为著自己的快乐，吃这些为缺乏之人所存留的。因此，那给的人能接著说，『求你从天上你的圣所垂看，赐福你的百姓以色列，与你所赐给我们的地，就是你向我们列祖起誓的流奶与蜜之地。』（申二六15。）这指明我们若为著神的缘故，顾到缺乏的人，神必会赐福我们的劳苦和事业。这赐福乃是从神给我们的回报。表面看我们是给出，实际上我们是领受。然而，施比受更为有福。
9What was laid within their gates was to be for the needy. “And the Levite shall come — for he has no portion nor inheritance with you — as well as the sojourner, the orphan, and the widow who are within your gates; and they shall eat and be satisfied, so that Jehovah your God may bless you in all the work of your hand which you do” (14:29). The Levites, who had no job or other source of in come but who lived on God, serving Him full-time, were to be taken care of in this way. There was also to be provision for the sojourner, the orphan, and the widow. Today we should also care for the needy ones among us. Under the Lord’s covering, I can testify that I cannot bear to see that any saints are lacking what they need to live properly; I have the feeling that I must do something to meet their need. In the Lord’s recovery, we need to care for the full-timers and the other needy ones. Those who gave the tithes of their produce in the third year, the year of the tithe, could say before Jehovah their God, “I have removed what is holy from out of my house, and I have also given it to the Levite and the sojourner, to the orphan and the widow, according to Your whole commandment, which You have commanded me; I have not transgressed any of Your commandments and I have not forgotten them. I have not eaten any of it in my sorrow, nor have I removed any of it while I was unclean, nor have I given any of it to the dead. I have listened to the voice of Jehovah my God; I have done according to all that You have commanded me” (26:13-14). Even if the one who gave the tithe was in sorrow or had suffering, he did not eat for his happiness what was reserved for the needy. Thus, the giving one could go on to pray, “Look down from Your holy habitation, from heaven, and bless Your people Israel, and the ground which You have given to us, as You swore to our fathers, a land flowing with milk and honey” (v. 15). This indicates that if we, for the sake of God, take care of the needy ones, God will surely bless our labor and undertakings. This blessing will be a return to us from God. Apparently we are giving; actually we are receiving. Nevertheless, to give is much more blessed than to receive.
10我们看见，在申命记十三章，神顾到祂自己；在申命记十二章，神顾到作祂彰显的子民。如今在论到帮助缺乏之人的经节中，神顾到一切作祂彰显的人。用新约的说法，这就是说，基督顾到祂身体上的每一个肢体。我们都该跟随这榜样。我们应当爱主耶稣，也当爱祂的身体，顾到一肢体的需要。在顾到圣徒需要的事上，我们最好为此豫备，有所豫算。这就是说，我们该经常有所储存，好用以照顾缺乏的圣徒。我们需要在这件事上有规律，因为神的子民活在地上有实际的需要。神子民的生活是实际的，所以满足这些需要也是实际的，是经常的。
10In Deuteronomy 13 we see that God takes care of Himself, and in Deuteronomy 12, that He takes care of His people as His expression. Now in the verses concerning aid to the needy we see that God takes care of all those who are part of His expression. In New Testament terms, this means that Christ takes care of every member of His Body. We all should follow this pattern. We should love the Lord Jesus, we should love His Body, and we should take care of the needs of all the members. In caring for the needs of the saints, it is best that we prepare for this by having a budget. This means that in a regular way we should lay something aside to use in taking care of needy saints. We need to be regular in this matter because God’sp eople are living on earth in a practical way. The life of God’sp eople is practical, so the meeting of the needs should be practical and also regular
２ 每七年末一年的豁免
2. The Release at the End of Every Seven Years
11在申命记十五章一至六节，摩西嘱咐到每七年末一年的豁免。『每七年的末一年，你要宣布豁免。』（申十五１。（凡债主要把所借给邻舍的豁免了。以色列人都要这样作，即使他在豁免年前不久才借给邻舍。这论到每七年末一年之豁免的要求，有关神在祂子民中间平衡社会财富和天然资源的方式。我们可以说，神在实行『神圣的共产主义。』『豁免的办法乃是这样：凡债主要把所借给邻舍的豁免了，不可向邻舍和弟兄追讨，因为耶和华的豁免已经宣告了。』（申十五２。）不过，属天的共产主义有一个限制：以色列人只要豁免他们的弟兄，不需豁免外邦人。（申十五３。）神的子民若豁免他们借给弟兄的，就必带进神的祝福，使他们中间没有穷人。（申十五４～５。）再者，因著神的祝福，他们必借给许多国民并管辖许多国民。『因为耶和华你的神，必照祂所应许你的祝福你，你必借给许多国民，却不至于借债。你必管辖许多国民，他们却不能管辖你。』（申十五６。）
11In Deuteronomy 1 5:1-6 Moses gave a charge concerning the release at the end of every seven years. “At the end of every seven years you shall issue a release” (v. 1). Every creditor was to release that which he had lent to his neighbor. An Israelite was to do this even if he had lent something to his neighbor shortly before the year of release. This requirement regarding the release at the end of every seven years is related to God’sway of balancing the social wealth and natural resources among His people. We may say that God was practicing a “divine communism.” “This is the manner of the release: Every creditor shall release that which he has lent to his neighbor; he shall not exact it from his neighbor or his brother, for Jehovah’s release has been proclaimed” (v. 2). However, there was a limitation to the heavenly communism: the children of Israel were to release their brothers only, not the foreigners (v. 3). If God’sp eople released that which they had lent to their brothers, they would bring in God’s blessing that there would be no poor among them (vv. 4-5). Further, because of God’s blessing, they would lend to many nations and rule over many nations. “Jehovah your God will bless you as He has promised you. And you will lend to many nations, but you will not borrow; and you will rule over many nations, but they will not rule over you” (v. 6).
３ 借给穷乏的弟兄
3. The Lending to the Poor Brothers
12神的子民不仅要实行每七年的辖免，也要借给穷乏的弟兄。申命记十五章七至十一节说到借给穷乏的弟兄。百姓中有些人可能在豁免年中损失了金钱，就决定再也不借给人。因此需要有律例管治关于借给穷乏者的要求。
12God’sp eople were not only to practice the release every seven years; they were also required to lend to the poor brothers. Deuteronomy 15:7-11 speaks about the lending to the poor brothers. Some of the people might have lost money during the year of release. As a result, they might have decided never to lend anything again. Thus, there was the need for an ordinance to govern the requirement regarding lending to the poor
ａ他们对穷乏的弟兄，不可忍著心不松手
a. Not Hardening Their Heart nor Closing Up Their Hand from the Poor Brother
13以色列人对穷乏的弟兄，不可忍著心不松手。（申十五７。）假定一位穷乏的弟兄曾向一个以色列人借贷，这位弟兄也在豁免年中豁免了他的债。倘若这位穷乏弟兄在豁免年以后再向同一个人借贷，那人可能忍著心不松手。然而，这是论到借给穷乏弟兄之律例所禁止的。
13The children of Israel were not to harden their heart nor close up their hand from the poor brother (v. 7). Suppose a poor brother had once asked an Israelite for a loan, and this brother was released from his debt in the year of release. If this poor brother should ask the same person for another loan after the year of release, that person might harden his heart and close up his hand. However, this was forbidden by the ordinance governing lending to the poor brothers
ｂ总要向弟兄松手，补足他的缺乏
b. Opening Their Hand to the Brother and Lending Enough for His Need
14百姓总要向穷乏的弟兄松手，补足他的缺乏。（申十五８。）今天我们不该不乐意给我们中间穷乏的弟兄。当我们给出去以应付穷乏弟兄的需要时，主会回报我们，比我们所给出去的更多。所有甘心给出去的信徒，都能见证这事。
14The people were required to open their hand to the poor one and to lend enough for his need in whatever he lacked (v. 8). Today we should not be reluctant to give to the poor brothers among us. When we give to meet the needs of the poor brothers, the Lord will return to us much more than we gave. All the believers who give willingly can testify of this
ｃ他们要谨慎，不可心里起卑下的念头
c. Being Careful That There Not Be a Base Thought in Their Heart
15九节警告以色列人借给穷乏的弟兄时，不可心里起卑下的念头。『你要谨慎，不可心里起卑下的念头，说，第七年豁免年，快到了；你就恶眼看你穷乏的弟兄，甚么都不给他，以致他因你求告耶和华，这就成了你的罪。』以色列人因著豁免年快到而拒绝借给穷乏的弟兄，就是恶眼看那穷乏的弟兄。
15In verse 9 the children of Israel were warned about not having a base thought in their heart with respect to lending to the poor brothers. “Be careful that there is not within your heart a base thought like this: The seventh year, the year of release, is near; and your eye be evil against your poor brother and you do not give him anything, and he cry against you to Jehovah, and it become sin to you.” For an Israelite to refuse to lend something to a poor brother because the year of release was near was for the eye of that Israelite to be evil against the poor brother
ｄ给的时候，心里不可有厌烦
d. Their Heart Not to Be Displeased When the Giving Was Done
16『你总要给他，给的时候，心里不可厌烦；因为耶和华你的神，必因这事的缘故，在你一切所作所行的事上，祝福你。』（申十五10。）以色列人给了之后，必须高兴，因为知道神必祝福他们。我们今天给穷人的时候，也不该厌烦，反该高兴，知道神必祝福我们，以更多回报我们。
16You must give to him, and your heart shall not be displeased when you give to him; for on account of this matter Jehovah your God will bless you in all your work and in all your undertakings” (v. 10). The children of Israel were to be happy after the giving was done, knowing that God would bless them. We today should not be displeased when giving to the poor; instead, we should be happy, knowing that God will bless us and return much more to us
ｅ那地上的穷人不会断绝
e. The Poor Not Ceasing in the Land
17『因为那地上的穷人不会断绝，所以我吩咐你说，总要向你地上困苦穷乏的弟兄松开手。』（申十五11。）那地上的穷人不断，作为对以色列人的试验。申命记十二至十五章启示，我们需要恨恶背道，避开分裂，接触人有辨别力，保护我们属灵的儿女，并慷慨的给人。我们需要看见，我们绝不会因著给主而有所失。主是丰富的，但祂百姓中有些人是穷乏的。因此，我们需要顾到全时间者（利未人）、寄居的、孤儿、寡妇和穷乏的弟兄。我们都该避开分裂和背道，都该用辨别力接触人，都该保护属灵的儿女，也都要常常乐意松开手给出去，帮助缺乏的人。
17The poor will not cease being in the land; therefore I am commanding you, saying, You must open your hand to your brother, to the needy one with you, and to the poor one with you in your land” (v. 11). There would always be the poor in the land as a test to the children of Israel. Chapters twelve through fifteen of Deuteronomy reveal that we need to hate apostasy, avoid division, be discerning in contacting people, protect our spiritual children, and be generous in giving. We need to realize that we will never suffer loss as a result of giving to the Lord. The Lord is rich, but some of His people are poor. Thus, we need to take care of the full- timers (the Levites), the sojourners, the orphans, the widows, and the poor brothers. We all should be those who avoid division and apostasy, who contact others with discernment, who protect the spiritual children, and whose heart and hand are always open to give something to help the needy ones