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约书亚记生命读经 · 第12篇

拈阄分地（二）

The Allotment of the Land (2)
1读经：约书亚记十八至二十二节。新约启示了许多关于基督与召会的属灵项目，不过都是在原则上，不是在细节上。在得著基督、经历基督、并享受基督的事上，更是如此。
1Scripture Reading: Josh. 18—22 Many spiritual items concerning Christ and the church are revealed in the New Testament in principle but not in detail. This is especially true in the matter of gaining Christ, experiencing Christ, and enjoying Christ
2以弗所书启示基督是包罗万有的，因为祂是那在万有中充满万有者。（一。）祂不但是包罗万有的，也是延展无限的，因为祂的爱在其阔、长、高、深上是无法测度的。（三18～19上。）基督的爱就是祂自己。祂的爱既是不可测度的，祂就是不可测度的。在以弗所三章八节，保罗说到基督追测不尽的丰富。祂的丰富是如此充足、广大，以致无法测透。虽然以弗所书启示一位包罗万有、延展无限、其丰富追测不尽的基督，但在该书里我们无法找到得著这位基督的细节。得著基督、经历基督、并享受基督的细节不在新约里。然而，约书亚十三至二十二节提供了据有并享受那地（豫表包罗万有的基督）的细节。美地是宽阔的，从地中海延伸到幼发拉底河，但以色列人并未据有那全地。甚至对他们所据有的，他们仍需要有细节的方法来分地，以得著并享受那地。这方法是拈阄。按人来说，我们知道拈阄是在于运气，但神就是我们的运气，拈阄的结果乃是照著祂所命定的。神创造地时，关于美地的情形，祂有清楚的看见。譬如，祂很清楚，耶路撒冷和周围地区是为著犹大，基督要从其中而出。这是豫先命定的，但仍必须藉著拈阄而得以实现。神命定的手在拈阄上指引其结果。这就是说，分地不在于约书亚、大祭司、或神以外的任何人。结果，各支派没有理由埋怨所给他们那地的分。拈阄分地的方法是公平的，这使每个人服气。值这时刻，我要强调一个事实：基督本身是独一的，是始终一样的。在祂自己没有改变；祂昨日、今日、直到永远，是一样的。（来十三8。）然而，在我们的经历和享受中，基督有多许种的大小和形式，如不同种类的燔祭和素祭所指明的。在我们的经历中，基督之于我们的所是不在于祂－乃在于我们。我们乃是照著我们的所是来得著基督、经历基督、并享受基督。所以，在追求基督上殷勤的人，要比在这事上懒惰的人，经历更大的基督。
2In the book of Ephesians Christ is revealed as being all-inclusive because He is the One who fills all in all (Eph. 1:23). He is not only all-inclusive but also 23 all - extensive because His love is immeasurable in its breadth, length, height, and depth (3:18-19a). Christ’s love is just Himself. If His love is immeasurable, He is immeasurable. In Ephesians 3:8 Paul speaks of the unsearchable riches of Christ. His riches are so plentiful and vast that they are untraceable. Although Ephesians reveals a Christ who is all-inclusive, all-extensive, and unsearchably rich, in this book we cannot find the detailed ways to gain this Christ. The detailed ways to gain Christ, experience Christ, and enjoy Christ are not in the New Testament. However, Joshua 13—22 provides the detailed way to possess and enjoy the land, which is a type of the all- inclusive Christ. The good land was spacious, stretching from the Mediterranean Sea to the Euphrates, but the children of Israel did not possess all the land. Even with what they possessed, they still needed a detailed way to allot the land in order to gain and enjoy it. The way was by casting lots. In the book of Joshua the word lot is used in the sense of casting lots (18:8,10). Humanly speaking, we know that casting lots depends on fortune, but God is our fortune, and the outcome of the casting of lots was according to what He had ordained. When God created the earth, He had a clear view concerning the situation of the good land. He was clear, for instance, that Jerusalem and the surrounding district were for Judah, out of whom Christ would come. This was foreordained, but it still had to be realized by casting lots. God’so rd a in in gh and was present in the casting of lots to direct the result. This means that the division of the land did not depend upon Joshua, upon the high priest, or upon anyone other than God. As a result, there was no ground for the tribes to complain about the portion of the land allotted to them. The way of allotting the land was fair, and it caused everyone to be subdued. At this juncture, I would like to emphasize the fact that Christ in Himself is uniquely one and always the same. As to Himself there is no change; He is the same yesterday, today, and forever (Heb. 13:8). However, in our experience and enjoyment Christ is of many sizes and types, as indicated by the different kinds of burnt offerings and meal offerings. What Christ is to us in our experience does not depend upon Him — it depends upon us. We gain Christ, experience Christ, and enjoy Christ according to what we are. Therefore, someone who is diligent in pursuing Christ will experience a larger Christ than someone who is lazy in this matter.
3最近我一直思想，我们可将以色列十二支派看作从第一世纪直到今日之信徒的一幅图画。加拉太六章十六节说，我们是『神的以色列』。这指明在神新约的选民中间，该有十二『支派』。第一支派是带进新约启示的早期使徒。第二支派是教父。第三支派是罗马帝国的殉道者。第四支派是在教皇制度建立以前，罗马教里的改革者。第五支派是更正教，第六是奥秘派。更正教变得肤浅、死沉，所以有奥秘派的反应；奥秘派包括盖恩夫人、芬乃伦神父、和劳伦斯弟兄。第七支派是在新生铎夫伯爵带领下的摩尔维亚弟兄们。第八支派是在达秘带领之下的英国弟兄们。弟兄们满了死的知识，就产生了三方面的反应。第一，有内里生命派的反应，包括慕安得烈、宾路易师母和史百克。这是第九支派。第二，有福音派的反应，包括司布真、慕迪、斐尼、戴德生、凯勒威廉、和李文斯敦。这是第十支派。第三，有灵恩派的反应。这是第十一支派。第十二支派是恢复，将新约的启示恢复到早期使徒们所看见的。在这恢复里，主恢复了马太福音至启示录的真理。主特别恢复了关于包罗万有的基督和新耶路撒冷的真理。在主恢复里的真理，是已过十九个世纪终极完成的真理。我们乃是站在以前所有支派的肩头上。因此，我们得著的是真理的精华、浓缩和结晶。
3Recently I have been considering that we may regard the twelve tribes of Israel as a picture of the believers from the first century until today. Galatians 6:16 says that we are “the Israel of God.” This indicates that among God’s New Testament elect there should be twelve “tribes.” The first tribe was the early apostles, who brought in the New Testament revelation. The second tribe was the church fathers. The third tribe was the martyrs in the Roman Empire. The fourth tribe was the reformers in the Roman Church, before the papal system was established. The fifth tribe was the Protestants, and the sixth was the mystics. The Protestants became shallow and dead, so there was a reaction from the mystics, including Madame Guyon, Father Fenelon, and Brother Lawrence. The seventh tribe was the Moravian brothers under Count Zinzendorf. The eighth tribe was the British Brethren under John Nelson Darby. When the Brethren became full of dead knowledge, there was a three-way reaction. First, there was a reaction from the inner life Christians, including Andrew Murray, Jessie Penn-Lewis, and T. Austin-Sparks. This was the ninth tribe. Second, there was a reaction from evangelical Christians, including C. H. Spurgeon, D. L. Moody, Charles Finney, Hudson Taylor, William Carey, and David Livingstone. This was the tenth tribe. Third, there was a reaction from Pentecostal Christians. This was the eleventh tribe. The twelfth tribe is the recovery, which has recovered the New Testament revelation back to the early apostles. In the recovery the truths from Matthew to Revelation have been recovered by the Lord. In particular, the Lord has recovered the truths concerning the all-inclusive Christ and the New Jerusalem. The truth in the recovery is the consummate truth of the past nineteen centuries. We are standing on the shoulders of all the tribes that have gone before us. Thus, the truth has been extracted, condensed, and crystallized for us
4现在让我们从十八至二十二章来看更多关于拈阄分地的细节。
4Let us now consider from chapters eighteen through twenty - two more of the details concerning the allotment of the land.
陆 其余七个支派
VI. THE LAND TO BE ALLOTTED
分得之地
TO THE REST OF THE SEVEN TRIBES
5十八章一节至十九章五十一节记载其余七个支派分得之地。约书亚吩咐以色列人去得尚未得著的地为业。（十八1～3。）然后他从七个支派的每支派打发三个人，走遍那地，按著各支派应得的产业画图写明。（4～6，8～9。）此后，约书亚为七个支派拈阄，将地分给他们。（10。）利未人没有分得土地，因为供耶和华祭司的职任就是他们的产业。（7。）
5In 18:1 through 19:51 we have the record of the land to be allotted to the rest of the seven tribes. Joshua charged the children of Israel to take possession of the land not yet possessed by them (18:1-3). Then he sent three men from each of the seven tribes to go through the land and write a description of it with a view to it being their inheritance (vv. 4-6, 8-9). After this, Joshua allotted and divided the land unto the seven tribes (v. 10). No land was allotted to the Levites, for the priesthood of Jehovah was their inheritance (v. 7
一 便雅悯支派分得之地
A. The Land Allotted to the Tribe of Benjamin
6便雅悯支派分得之地（11～28）是在犹大支派和约瑟支派中间。（11～。）那地有二十六座城，和属城的村庄，包括耶路撒冷。（21～28。）耶路撒冷位于便雅悯境内，却为犹大人承受为业。（十五63。）
6The land allotted to the tribe of Benjamin (vv. 11-28) was between the tribe of Judah and the tribe of Joseph (vv. 11-20). The land had twenty-six cities with their 20 villages, including Jerusalem (vv. 21-28). Jerusalem was located in the land of Benjamin but was inherited by the children of Judah (15:63).
二 西缅支派分得之地
B. The Land Allotted to the Tribe of Simeon
7西缅支派分得之地（十九1～9）是在犹大人产业中间，（1，9，）包括十七座城，和属城的村庄。（2～8。）
7The land allotted to the tribe of Simeon (19:1-9) was in the midst of the inheritance of the children of Judah (vv. 1, 9) and included seventeen cities with their villages (vv. 2-8
三 西布伦支派分得之地
C. The Land Allotted to the Tribe of Zebulun
8西布伦支派分得之地（10～16）有十二座城，和属城的村庄，包括伯利恒。（15。）
8The land allotted to the tribe of Zebulun (vv. 10-16) consisted of twelve cities with their villages, including Bethlehem (v. 15
四 以萨迦支派分得之地
D. The Land Allotted to the Tribe of Issachar
9以萨迦支派分得之地是从耶斯列到约但河，包括十六座城，和属城的村庄。（17～23。）
9The land allotted to the tribe of Issachar went from Jezreel to the river Jordan and included sixteen cities with their villages (vv. 17-23
五 亚设支派分得之地
E. The Land Allotted to the Tribe of Asher
10亚设支派分得之地是从黑甲到海。（24～31。）有二十二座城，和属城的村庄，包括西顿大城和坚固城推罗。（28～29。）
10The land allotted to the tribe of Asher went from Helkath to the sea (vv. 24-31). It had twenty-two cities with their villages, including Great Sidon and the fortified city of Tyre (vv. 28-29
六 拿弗他利支派分得之地
F. The Land Allotted to the Tribe of Naphtali
11拿弗他利支派分得之地（32～39）南边达到西布伦中间，西边达到亚设，朝日出方向达到约但河那里的犹大。这地包括十九座城，和属城的村庄。
11The land allotted to the tribe of Naphtali (vv. 32-39) was in the midst of Zebulun on the south, Asher on the west, and Judah at the Jordan toward the rising of the sun. This land included nineteen cities with their villages.
七 但支派分得之地
G. The Land Allotted to the Tribe of Dan
12但支派分得之地（40～48）与约帕相对。（书十九46，徒十5。）但人既失去他们的地界，就上去攻取利善（即拉亿－士十八29，在美地的极北边），得了那城，以他们先祖但的名，将利善改名为但。（书十九47。）
12The land allotted to the tribe of Dan (vv. 40-48) was opposite Japho (v. 46—Joppa, Acts 10:5). When the territory of the children of Dan was lost to them, they went up and fought against Leshem (Laish—Judg. 18:29, at the extreme north of the good land), taking possession of it and naming it according to the name of Dan their father (Josh. 19:47
八 约书亚所得的产业
H. The Inheritance Given to Joshua
13约书亚所得的产业（49～50）是以法莲山地的亭拿西拉城。他求这座城，以色列人就照耶和华的吩咐将这城给了他。
13The inheritance given to Joshua (vv. 49-50) was the city of Timnath-serah in the hill country of Ephraim. He asked for this city, and the children of Israel gave it to him according to the commandment of Jehovah
柒 逃城
VII. THE CITIES OF REFUGE
14二十章的记载与逃城有关。（出二一13，民三五6上，10～15。）
14The record in chapter twenty is concerned with the cities of refuge (Exo. 21:13; Num. 35:6a, 10-15
一 为无心误杀人者设立的
A. Designated for the Manslayer Who Killed a Person by Mistake and Unwittingly
15耶和华嘱咐约书亚，吩咐以色列人设立逃城，使无心误杀人的，可以逃到那里，逃避报血仇的人。（书二十1～6。）
15Jehovah charged Joshua to tell the children of Israel to designate the cities of refuge so that the manslayer who killed a person by mistake and unwittingly might flee there from the avenger of blood (Josh. 20:1-6
二三 座在约但河西的迦南
B. Three in Canaan, West of the Jordan
16有三座逃城是在约但河西的迦南。（7。）这些城是在拿弗他利山地，加利利的基低斯，在以法莲山地的示剑，并在犹大山地的希伯仑。
16There were to be three cities of refuge in Canaan, west of the Jordan (v. 7). These cities were Kedesh in Galilee in the hill country of Naphtali, Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim, and Hebron in the hill country of Judah
三三 座在约但河东的境内
C. Three in the Land East of the Jordan
17另外有三座逃城是在约但河东的境内。（8～9。）这些城是流便支派中，在旷野平原的比悉；迦得支派中，基列的拉末；和玛拿西支派中，巴珊的哥兰。
17There were to be three other cities of refuge in the land east of the Jordan (vv. 8-9). These cities were Bezer in the wilderness on the plain out of the tribe of Reuben, Ramoth in Gilead out of the tribe of Gad, and Golan in Bashan out of the tribe of Manasseh
四 利未人所分得的
D. Allotted to the Levites
18所有的逃城都分给利未人。（民三五6上。）
18All the cities of refuge were allotted to the Levites (Num. 35:6a).
捌 利未人所分得的城和属城的郊野，
VIII. THE CITIES WITH THEIR PASTURE LANDS allotted to the Levites
是他们在示罗所要求的
CLAIMED BY THEM AT SHILOH
19利未人所分得的城和属城的郊野，是他们在示罗所要求的。以色列人照神对摩西的吩咐，将这些城邑给了利未人。（二一1～3。）共有四十八座城，（41，）其中包括六座逃城。
19The cities with their pasture lands allotted to the Levites were claimed by them at Shiloh. They were given to the Levites by the children of Israel according to God’s command to Moses (21:1-3). In total, there were forty-eight cities, including six cities of refuge (v. 41
一 哥辖家族和祭司亚伦的子孙所得的
A. To the Families of the Kohathites and the Children of Aaron the Priest
20哥辖家族和祭司亚伦的子孙，从犹大、西缅、和便雅悯支派的产业中，得了十三座城。（4，8～19。）
20To the families of the Kohathites and the children of Aaron the priest were given thirteen cities from the tribes of Judah, Simeon, and Benjamin (vv. 4, 8-19
二 哥辖其余的子孙所得的
B. To the Rest of the Children of Kohath
21哥辖其余的子孙，从以法莲、但支派、和玛拿西半支派的产业中，得了十座城。（5，20～26。）
21To the rest of the children of Kohath were given ten cities from the tribes of Ephraim, Dan, and the half- tribe of Manasseh (vv. 5, 20-26
三 革顺的子孙所得的
C. To the Children of Gershon
22革顺的子孙从以萨迦、亚设、拿弗他利支派、和玛拿西另一半支派的产业中，得了十三座城。（6，27～33。）
22To the children of Gershon were given thirteen cities from the tribes of Issachar, Asher, Naphtali, and the half-tribe of Manasseh (vv. 6, 27-33
四 米拉利的子孙所得的
D. To the Children of Merari
23米拉利的子孙从流便、迦得、和西布伦支派的产业中，得了十二座城。（7，34～40。）
23To the children of Merari were given twelve cities from the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and Zebulun (vv. 7, 34-40
IX. THE FULFILLMENT OF JEHOVAH’S PROMISE
玖 应验了耶和华
TO THE FATHERS OF ISRAEL
向以色列列祖的应许
THAT HE WOULD GIVE THEM THE GOOD LAND
24这几章里所记载的拈阄分美地，应验了耶和华向以色列列祖的应许，就是要将美地赐给他们为产业，作43-居所。（43～45。）关于这点，四十五节说，『耶和华应许赐福给以色列家的话，一句也没有落空，全都应验了。』拾流便、迦得、和玛拿西半支派回到他们在约但河东的
24The allotment of the good land recorded in these chapters was the fulfillment of Jehovah’s promise to the fathers of Israel that He would give them the good land for their possession and dwelling place (vv. 45). Regarding this, verse 45 says, “Not a word failed of all the good things that Jehovah had spoken to the house of Israel; all came to pass.” X. THE RETURN OF THE TRIBES OF REUBEN, GAD, AND THE HALF-TRIBE OF MANASSEH TO
THEIR LAND EAST OF THE JORDAN
地去
25二十二章记载流便、迦得、和玛拿西半支派回到他们在约但河东的地去。
25Chapter twenty-two gives us an account of the return of the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh to their land east of the Jordan
一 约书亚打发他们去，为他们祝福
A. Joshua Sending Them with Blessing
26约书亚打发他们去，为他们祝福。（1～9。）他召了他们来，对他们说，摩西所吩咐他们的，他们都遵守了；约书亚所吩咐他们的，他们也都听从了；他告诉他们，他们守了耶和华他们神所吩咐他们当守的。
26Joshua sent them with blessing (vv. 1-9). He called them and said to them that they had kept all that Moses had commanded them and had listened to Joshua’s voice in all that he had commanded them, telling them that they had kept the charge of the commandment of Jehovah their God
二 他们在约但河边，在迦南地筑一座坛
B. They Building an Altar at the River Jordan in the Land of Canaan
27流便人、迦得人、和玛拿西半支派的人到了靠近约但河的一带迦南地，就在约但河那里，筑了一座坛；那坛看著高大。（10。）
27When the children of Reuben, the children of Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh came into that region of the Jordan that is in the land of Canaan, they built at the river Jordan an altar great in appearance (v. 10
三 以色列人要上去攻打他们
C. The Children of Israel Wanting to Go Up in Battle against Them
28以色列人听说在靠近约但河边，在迦南地筑了一座坛，就要上去攻打流便、迦得、和玛拿西半支派。（11～12。）以色列人打发祭司非尼哈同著以色列十个支派的十个首领去对付他们。（13～20。）四流便、迦得、和玛拿西半个支派
28When the children of Israel heard about the altar that had been built out in front of the land of Canaan, in the region of the Jordan, they wanted to go up in battle against the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and the half- tribe of Manasseh (vv. 11-12). The children of Israel sent Phinehas the priest with ten leaders of the ten tribes of Israel to deal with them (vv. 13-20). D. The Tribes of Reuben, Gad, and the Half-tribe of Manasseh
解释，所筑的坛不是为献祭给神，乃是为著作见证
Explaining That the Altar Was Built Not for Offerings to God but for a Witness
29流便、迦得、和玛拿西半个支派向以色列的十个首领解释，他们筑坛不是为献祭给神，乃是为著作见证。（21～29。）他们宣告，他们筑坛没有悖逆的意思，或是干犯耶和华。（22。）他们总结说，『我们断没有意思要在耶和华我们神帐幕前的坛以外，另筑一座坛，为献燔祭、素祭、和祭牲，悖逆耶和华，今日转去不跟从祂。』（29。）五祭司非尼哈和以色列十个首领，
29The tribes of Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh explained to Phinehas and the ten leaders of Israel that they built the altar not for offerings to God but for a witness (vv. 21-29). They claimed that they did not build the altar in rebellion or in trespass against Jehovah (v. 22). They concluded by saying, Far be it from us that we would rebel against Jehovah and turn away today from following after Jehovah by building an altar for burnt offering, for meal offering, or for sacrifice, besides the altar of Jehovah our God, which is before His tabernacle!” (v. 29). E. Phinehas the Priest and the Ten Leaders of Israel
对他们的解释满意
Being Satisfied with Their Explanation
30祭司非尼哈和以色列十个首领，对他们的解释满意，就回自己的地去了。（30～33。）
30Phinehas the priest and the ten leaders of Israel were satisfied with their explanation and returned to their land (vv. 30-33).
六 他们给坛起名
F. They Naming the Altar
31流便人、迦得人给坛起了名，说这坛证明耶和华是神。（34。）
31The children of Reuben and the children of Gad named the altar, saying that it was a witness that Jehovah is God (v. 34).